定语从句之关系副词用法和特殊用法及专项练习
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(关系副词的用法)
一．关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when指______，在定语从句中做________。
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
2. where指_______，在定语从句中做_________。
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3. why指_______，在定语从句中做________。
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词＋关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3) Great changes have taken place in the city where/in which I was born.
二．关系代词和关系副词的区别
1. 取决于从句中的谓语动词。
不及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关系副词或介词+关系代词；
及物动词后接宾语，就要求用关系代词。
2. 要看他们在从句中充当什么成分而定，即先行词在从句中是作主语、宾语还是作状语而定。
(1) This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
(2) I’ll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
(3) I’ll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
【专项练习3】
用关系代词、关系副词或介词+关系代词填空
1. I’ll never forget the days __________ we spent together in Paris.
2. I’ll remember the days __________ we stayed together in Paris.
3. This is the factory ____________ we visited last year.
4. This is the farm ____________ Lincoln once worked
5. The reason ___________ he missed the speech is that he forgot the time.
6. The reason ___________ he gave us sounded reasonable.
7. This is the house ___________ I lived in two years ago.
8. This is the house ___________ I lived two years ago.
(定语从句的特殊情况用法)
1. 先行词为代词one且在定语从句中充当成分
(1) Is this school the one we visited that year?
(2) Is this the school that we visited that year?
2. one of + 复数名词+ 关系代词+ 复数形式动词,
the only one of + 复数名词+ 关系代词+ 单数形式动词
(3) He is one of the students who are from the South.
(4) He is the only one of the students who is from the South.
3. 以the way为先行词且通常在定语从句中做状语, 由in which, that引导, 也可以省略。
(5) The way in which/ that/ / he answered the question was surprising.
(6) Do you know the way that/in which// he worked out the problem?
【专项练习4】:
1. Is this the factory _________ you visited last summer?
A. that
B. where
C. in which
D. the one
2. Is this factory _________ you visited last summer?
A. that
B. where
C. in which
D. the one
3. Mr. Smith is one of those foreigners who ________ working in China.
A. is
B. has
C. have
D. are
4. Mr. Smith is the only one of those foreigners who _______ working in China.
A. is
B. has
C. have
D. are
5. Don’t discuss questions such ________ those.
A. which
B. that
C. as
D. about which
6. Let’s discuss only the questions ________ we are interested in.
A. which
B. that
C. as
D. about which
7. Pisa is a city, _______ has a leaning tower.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. there
8. Pisa is a city, ________ there is a leaning tower.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. there
9. There was _____ time ________ I hated to go to school.
A. a; that
B. a; when
C. the; that
D. the; when