天津泰达环保垃圾焚烧厂废气处理工艺设计

天津泰达环保垃圾焚烧厂废气处理工艺设计PROCESS DESIGN OF WASTE GAS TREATMENT OF TIANJIN TEDA ENVIRONMENTAL

PROTECTION GARBAGE INCINERATION

专业：环境工程

姓名：XXX

指导教师姓名：

申请学位级别：学士

论文提交日期：2015年6月10日

学位授予单位：天津科技大学

摘要

垃圾焚烧废气是一种排放量较大、种类很多、排放较集中的废气，垃圾焚烧废气中含有多种污染物，其中包含酸性气体、颗粒物，重金属及其二恶英。垃圾焚烧废气的特点为具有腐蚀性，能见度低，气味难闻，致癌。这种废气如果不及时治理，会对人体健康和生存环境造成很大的危害。

本设计采用3T + E焚烧工艺+SNCR脱硝+干式脱酸+活性炭喷射+布袋除尘器+湿式脱酸+活性炭吸附床工艺综合治理废气。采用3T + E焚烧工艺，能使CO的排放量达到排放标准，而且排放的二恶英以及氮氧化物排放量降低。利用活性炭喷射+布袋除尘器，可以有效的处理废气中的二恶英，重金属及颗粒物。利用干式脱酸+湿式脱酸，高效脱酸。活性炭吸附床吸附未处理干净的二恶英，氮氧化物以及硫化物等，导致综合的处理效率更高。

本设计采用的废气处理工艺为：首先采用3T + E焚烧工艺，然后向焚烧炉喷尿素脱硝，接着进入余热锅炉进行余热回收，再进入降温塔，使温度降低到150℃左右，防止二恶英的再生成及使下列反应更高效，再接着向烟道内喷入消石灰粉和活性炭粉末，此时烟气到达了布袋除尘器，除颗粒物、重金属及消石灰和活性炭粉末，后面就是湿式反应塔进行二次除酸，最后到达了活性炭吸附床进行最后的尾气处理。此刻，气体排放的浓度达到《生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准》（GB18485-2014）。处理后，降低对空气的污染，对国家经济的发展与改善天津当地的空气环境都是很重要的。

关键词：垃圾焚烧废气；脱酸；二恶英；废气处理；活性炭吸附

ABSTRACT

Waste incineration flue gas is plentiful，various ，concentrated．Waste incineration flue gas contains heavy metals，dioxins，particulate matter， acid gases and other pollutants．Waste gas is characterized by corrosive，low visibility，smelly，carcinogenic． If this waste is not timely treated， it will do harm to human health and the living environment ．

This design uses 3T + E + SNCR denitration + dry deacidification + activated carbon injection + bag filter + wet deacidification + activated carbon adsorption bed process comprehensive control emissions．Using 3T + E incineration process， it makes CO emissions to meet emission standards and to reduce emissions of dioxins and nitrogen oxides．The use of activated carbon injection + bag filter can effectively deal with emissions of dioxins，heavy metals and particulate matters．Activated carbon bed of adsorption can remove untreated dioxins，sulfide，nitrogen oxides，etc．So the overall process is more efficient．

The exhaust gas treatment process is as follows．Firstly，3T + E incineration process，then spray the urea to the denitration incinerator，then enter the waste heat boiler ，the temperature is lowered to about 150 ℃，to prevent the re-creation of dioxin and promotes the following reaction, followed by injecting lime into the flue dust and activated charcoal powder， then the smoke reaches the bag filter， in addition to particulate matters， heavy metals, lime and activated carbon powder，after that the two wet reactor tower romove the acid once again，and finally to the activated carbon adsorption bed for the final exhaust gas treatment．At this time exhaust gas concentration reaches "garbage burning pollution control standards" (GB18485-2014)．