高中英语语法分类总结 - 动词不定式的基本形式

5.All the things___,his proposal is of greater value than yours. A.considered B.considering C.consider D.to consider
6.__Sunday, the students are at home.
eg. I found him cooking supper.
I found supper cooked when I got home.
It is true — I saw Henry cook supper.
作状语时的区别：
-ing form,pp表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况等等,
to do表示1.目的; 2.结果—表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用only强调。 3.原因—表示造成情感变化的原因。
I fancy it has done you a lot of good not going. Not seeing John,I asked where he was. Not having done it right, I tried again.
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-ing form 与 pp 的区别
Grammar 非谓语动词
非谓语动词功能比较
to do的复合结构
-ing form的复合结构
非谓语动词的否定式
-ing form 与 pp 的区别
by liu xiaoyu
动词不定式的基本形式
主动语态
被动语态
一般式 进行式 完成式
to do
to be done
to be doing
to have done to have been done
other trains. 伴随
Grammar and usage
—used as an adjective or adverb
一、The -ing form — used as Attribute （-ing形式作定语）
These female pigs are cloned. So we call them ______pigs cloned
eg.There is no joking about such matters.
定语
1.从时态上看，-ing form表示正在进行的动作 pp表示已经完成的动作，to do表示将来的动作。
eg.He attends the meeting being held in the room now. He attended the meeting held yesterday. He will attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
These female pigs are cloned. So we call them pigs__th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h_a_r_e_c_lo_n_ed
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The kidnappers were using a _____st_oclaern. (steal)
不定式与谓语同时发生 不定式比谓语先发生
进行式 完成式
1.He is too young to have seen the old society. 2.The book is said to have been translated
into Russian.
3.Come, I am supposed to be calling you to lunch. 4.You are too young to be meeting young man.
3.With his son too___, the father was sad.
A.disappointed
B.disappointing
4.She let out a ___ voice and we ran to her hurriedly.
A.frightened
B.frightening
A.Being B.To be C.It is
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D.It being
to do的复合结构 1.for sb. to do sth.
2.of sb. to do sth.
→sb.is/are adj.to do sth.
常见的形容词有：good=nice/bad, kind/cruel=rude, clever=wise/stupid=silly, right /wrong，sensible
2.It is necessary to study a foreign language. —It is necessary for students to study a… 3.To do such a thing is stupid. =It is stupid to do such a thing. —It is stupid of you to do such a thing. —You are stupid to do such a thing. 4.It is wrong to tell a lie. —It is wrong of him to tell a lie. —He is wrong to tell a lie.
3.___ more time, we could do it better. A.Giving B.To give C.Given D.To be given
4.A young man __ novels came to us yesterday. A.to write B.writing C.written D.wrote
students can be dangerous.
Scientific experiments ______ca_r_r_ie_d__obuyt students can be dangerous.
A few verb-eds before nouns can express past meanings instead of passive meanings.
The name ________in the letter was unknown to me.（mentmioenn)tioned
The firemen were rescuing the people _____
in the fire. (trap)
trapped
Scientific experiments which are carried out by
5.Having noted down her name,the man went away. 先
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非谓语动词功能比较
to do
主表宾定补状 语语语语语语
-ing form
pp
主语、表语、宾语
1. to do 表示具体的动作，-ing form表示泛指的动作。
eg.I like skating,but I don’t like to skate today. Playing with fire is dangerous. Look out！To play with fire is dangerous. 2.“there is no +主语”句型中，多用-ing form.
说出-ing form动作的执行者时，须用复合结构
1.Do you mind opening the door? →Do you mind me/my opening …
2.Going there saved us a good deal of trouble. →Tom’s going there saved us a good …
2.表示被修饰词的内容时， 用to do. eg.She has a strong wish to go to college.
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补语
-ing form与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行； pp与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成； toห้องสมุดไป่ตู้do只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。
1.I could feel the wind ___ on my face from an open window. A.to blow B.blowing C.blown D.to be blowing
2.We’ll meet Mr.Black,___ as a famous scientist. A.knowing B.to be known C.known D.being known
-ing form表示主动，正在进行,pp表示被动，已经完成
作表语时或定语时，-ing form表示“令人” ,pp表 示“感到”，常见的有下列感官动词：move ,surprise,astonish,delight,comfort,disappoint,puzzl e,frighten
作宾补时，比较对象为宾语
3.Being late again made the teacher angry. →His being late again made…
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1.Crossing the street,he was knocked down by a bus. 时间
2.Being sick I stayed at home. 原因 3.Seen in the light, it is not as serious as people suppose.条件 4.Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 让步 5.He sat in the armchair,reading the newspaper. 伴随 6.The train spent too much time stopped, waiting for the
ing form的复合结构
↗主语
1.形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+ing form →表语
2.代词宾格/名词+ing form →宾语
↘宾语
说出To do动作的执行者时，须用复合结构
1.To do the job is impossible. =It is impossible to do the job. —For a child to do the job is…
2.Martin insisted on going to work in spite of his illness.
后
3.I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for
the first time. 先
4.Allan repented having shot the bird. 先
作定语时，比较对象为被修饰词
作状语时，比较对象为句中主语
1.The story was ___,we were all ____. A.moving,moving B.moved,moved C.moving,moved D.moved,moving
2.There is a ___ expression on his face.Maybe the problem is too difficult for him. A.puzzled B.puzzling C.puzzle D.to puzzle
eg.they worked hard to pay for the necklace. 目的
I went to see him only to find him out. 结果
I am glad to see you. 原因
非谓语动词的否定形式
Not + to do / -ing form
He decided not to do it. She wished never to see him again.
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ing-form 的基本形式
主动语态 一般式 doing 完成式 having done
被动语态 being done having been done
ing-form与/比谓语的动作同时、先发生、后发生
一般式
ing-form比谓语的动作先发生
完成式（强调先后关系）
1.Going down town I met a friend. 同时