初中英语重要短语、句型和惯用法

初中英语重要短语、句型和惯用法
1.There be 结构
a.这是英语中常见的一种结构，表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。

eg. There are twenty girls in our class. have也解释为“有”但是与there be有区别，它的含义是“所有，属有”，其主语为某人。

eg. I have a nice watch.
b. There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟第一个名词保持一致。

(即就近原则)
eg: There is a river and some hills near our school.
否：There is not a river or any hills near our school.
问：Is there a river or any hills near your school.
c. 回答：Yes, there is. No, there isn’t. (注意：千万不能用it或they来替代there)
d. 对划线部分提问：There is a（1）river and some（1）hills near our school.
⑴How many rivers are there near our school?
对划线部分提问：There is a river and some hills（2）near our school.
⑵What’s near our school?
e. there be 结构的一般将来时，同学们较难掌握，其正确形式为：there is going to be
f. 反意疑问句的构成：There is no water in the glass, is there?
完成下列两道练习：
①There is going to _____ a football match this afternoon.
A.have
B. watch
C.be
D. play
②They were sure that they were going to ____ a rest.
A. be
B. have
C.be on
D. on
2. so,neither引导的倒装句,为了避免和前一句话的内容重复，英语中习惯用so, neither引导的倒装句。

a. So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语。

表示某人也是如此。

eg. ---Mike has bought some foreign stamps.
---So has Bob.=Bob has bought some, too.
b. Neither+be/助动词/情态动词＋主语，表示某人也不。

eg. ---Mother has never been to Japan.
---Neither has Father.=Father has never been to Japan, either.
c. So＋主语＋be/助动词/情态动词。

表示果真如此(赞同), 请同学们与a.区别。

eg. A: Mike is right in the classroom.
B: So he is.=He is really in the class room.
3. It’s/has been+时间+since动词过去式。

自从...起已有...时间了。

⑴It’s/has been two weeks since we met last.(自从我们上次见面已有两个星期了)
⑵How long is it since we left Beijing?(自从我们离开北京已有多久了？)
4. 祈使句and (那么)...
eg. Go straight on，and you’ll see a school.
=If you go straight on, you’ll see a school.
5. 祈使句+or...否则...
eg. Work hard, or you will fall behind the other students.
=If you don’t work hard, you’ll fall behind the other.
6. The+比较级...，the+比较级... 越...越...
eg. ⑴The more, the better. 越多越好。

⑵The harder you work on it, the better you’ll be at it.(你越用功，你就越好。

)
7. How do you like the film? =What do you think of the film? (你认为这部电影怎样？)
8.What...do with...?怎样对付...?怎样处理...? 虽然中文为怎样，我们绝不可照字面翻译为how. =How…deal with…?
eg. A:What have you done with the library book?
B:I’ve just returned it to the library.
9.I don’t know what to do.我不知道该怎么办？= I don’t know how to do it.
注意：I don’t know how to do. ×这一表达法在英语里是不存在的。

10.What...be like? ...是什么样的？=How is…?
eg. ⑴What’s the weather like? 天气如何？=How is the weather?
⑵What’s your school like? 你们学校是什么样的？
11.What...for?为何目的？为什么？=Why
eg. What do you want a science lab for?=Why do you want a science lab?
12.one of +最高级＋复数最...之一
eg. Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
13. It +be + done +that…
It is known to all that…
It’s believed that…
It’s reported that…
It’s said that…
14. It +be +adj. +for sb. to do sth.
15. It +be +adj. +of sb. to do sth.
16. It +be +adj. +that …
17. It + seem +that …
18. On the card/bag/sign, it says that …
19. As a saying goes: ….
20．就近原则的句型
21．就远原则的句型
22．倒装句型
23．强调举行
24．反意疑问句型
25．宾语从句
26．定语从句
27．时间、条件、让步、原因状语从句
28．感叹句。