教师宾语从句学案

宾语从句

1、定义：宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句, 通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。

2、连接词

（1）从属连词that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。

造句：1.他说他想呆在家里

He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.

2. 我确定他能成功

I’m sure (that) he will succeed.

（2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：

例句：I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。

造句：

他问我是否可以帮助他。

He asked me whether/if I could help him.

但在下列情况下只能用whether：

①在具有选择意义，与or not连用时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether如：

I don't know whether he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。

造句：

我不知道他是否能来。

I don’t know whether he will come or not．（＝I don’t know whether or not he will come）

②在介词之后用whether。如：

I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。

造句：我担心是否伤了她的感情。

I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．

造句：这取决于你是否能做好这项工作。

It depends on whether you can do the job well.

③在不定式前用whether。如：

I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。

He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。

造句：他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。

He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．

④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：

Whether this is true or not，I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。

⑤引导主语从句并放在句首和表语从句和同位语从句时只能用whether。如：Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题。The question is whether we can catch the bus．问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。

I’ve no idea whether the meeting will be given.

造句： 1.是否要开会仍是一个问题。

Whether the meeting will be given is still a problem.

It remains a problem whether/if the meeting will be given.

2. 问题是是否要开会。

The problem is whether the meeting will be given.

3. 他还没有做出决定是否去那里。

He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there.

（3）特殊疑问词

1）连接词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，whoever, whatever,等。如：

Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？The small children don't know what is in their stockings．

这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？

2）连接词＋名词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，which，how many，how much等。如：

He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。

The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人。

3）连接词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语。常见的连接词有：who，whom，what等。如：

Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？

填空：

I really don’t know ___________ you should depend on if you don’t depend on your parents.

4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：

Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？

造句：她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．

5）连接副词where, when, how, why。