广东高考读写任务段落拓展句

2014 年高考复习

----读写任务段落写作之拓展主题句的模式

读写任务的第二部分要求考生根据要求写120个词的作文，该部分一般有2-3个要点，就写2-3个自然段，每个要点我们先确定好主题句，然后再写支撑句。也就是对主题句进行拓展。

1.列举式/递进式：列举事例、现象等来说明主题句所表达的观点

例1：人们在参观动物园时为什么喜欢和动物拍照（2009广东高考）

There are many reasons why tourists like taking photos of the animals in the zoo. Some people think it a happy memory of their visit to the zoo or the animals，while others may consider it just sort of fun to take photos with the animals in the zoo. But anyway they may not share the deep feelings of the animals. 例2：就生活中如何做到节俭提一些建议。(14广一模)

Actually, to be thrifty can be really simple. Most of the time, it’s simply a matter of being more thoughtful in our daily life: turning off lights when leaving the room, not using the air-conditioners unless necessary, bringing our water bottle from home rather than spending money on soft drinks, using public transports to avoid needless driving and parking, ordering just enough food when eating out, and so forth.

例3：如谈论“儿童肥胖的不良影响”.

As far as we know, obese children tend to eat a lot but they take little exercise, as a result of which they often fall ill easily. Besides, because of their appearance, they have less confidence in themselves, which leads to isolation and depression. (先从身体上进而从精神上谈论肥胖对儿童造成的不良影响)

列举式/递进式可采用这样的连接方式：

如：_________________________________________________________________________

训练1：谈论个人对网上购物的看法。利用列举法写其优点：

(主题句) Online shopping has its advantages. _________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 训练2：谈论“互联网对人们生活带来的影响”

可以从提供最新信息;改变交流方式; 网上购物,方便快捷几个方面来扩展思路。

(主题句）Surfing the Internet brings people many benefits./ The Internet plays a vital role in our daily life. _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________

2.说明原因或结果:写了主题句后，紧接着说明之所以提出这样的观点或看法，其原因或

理由是什么; 或者说明如果这样的话，会有什么后果/结果。

例1：你读完这个故事（目标的重要性）的感受

(主题句-感受) I was deeply inspired by such a story, (拓展句-原因)as it makes me realize the power of a goal in shaping one’s success and gives me strength to pursue my goal, despite the hardships I am to go through .

例2：你认为父母是否该对孩子养成良好习惯负责.

(观点)As far as I am concerned, parents should be responsible for helping children develop good habits. (理由) The reasons are as follows. First, it is commonly held that parents are the first teachers of their children. Second, parents’ duties include not only providing fo od and clothing, but also knowledge and common sense required to go on well in society.

例3：你是否同意处罚违规行人？(2014江门模拟考)

(主题句)As far as I’m concerned, pedestrians who break traffic rules should be fined or punished. (结果) Although being fined is an unhappy experience, it can help them to learn that everyone should observe traffic rules in the street.

训练1：你对国家“禁止商场免费提供塑料袋”的看法。

(

主题句-看法) It is necessary for government to forbid shops from offering free plastic bags. (拓展句-结果) ______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 训练2：你认为孩子是否应该与家长分享秘密

(发表意见) I insist that students should not share secrets with parents. (列举理由)___________

____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________

3.相关式/细化主题:所谓相关式是指围绕决定事物的相关因素谈论问题的方法。

例1: 就“如何减少交通事故”的主题谈论人们应该如何避免交通事故

我们就可以围绕造成交通事故的相关因素如司机和行人来谈论如何避免。

What can we do to avoid traffic accidents?

It’s common to find the waste of food, water and electricity among students in our schoo l. Many students throw away the food just because they don’t like it. Besides, many students always wash their