2020版 第2部分 板块3 第2讲 冠词和介词

第2讲冠词和介词

[全国卷考情分析]

考点一不定冠词

[先试做题组]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2019·石家庄质量检测一)According to William Hanson, an expert in ceremony，there's a very good reason for this and it has nothing to do with fashion，but rather a royal tradition that dates back to the sixteenth century.

2．(2019·成都诊断)I visited Hangzhou for the first time in the summer of 2016．It is so attractive that I decided to go there for a second time next year.

3．(2019·嘉兴测试)Later, her role as Queen Amidala in Star Wars made her an international superstar.

4．(2019·太原二模)Then he opened one of his bags and gave me a handful of freshly picked cherries，explaining that he had just taken them from his orchard.

Ⅱ.单句改错

5．That accident took place on winter morning of the year 2017.winter前加a [再解读要点]

不定冠词用于表示泛指，一般修饰单数可数名词，有a和an两种形式。当紧跟冠词的名词或名词的修饰词的第一个音素是辅音音素(不是辅音字母)时，用不定冠词a；当紧跟冠词的名词或名词的修饰词的第一个音素是元音音素(不是元音字母)时，用不定冠词an。

1．不定冠词的基本用法

(1)用作可数名词单数前，泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。

It is generally accepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man.人们普遍认为男孩子必须学会像男人那样站起来战斗。

(2)用在专有名词前表示“某一个”，相当于a certain。

—Excuse me，would you please give the iPad to John?

——打扰一下，请你把这个iPad给约翰好吗？

—Sorry，but I don't think there's a John in our class.

——对不起，但是我认为在我们班里没有叫约翰的。

(3)用在“be＋of＋a/an＋名词”结构中，表示“同一，相同”时，相当于of the same＋名词。

The two plants look different，but they are of a kind (＝of the same kind)．

这两种植物看上去不同，但属于同一类。

2．不定冠词的活用

(1)用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。

First impressions are the most lasting.After all，you never get a second chance to make a first impression.

最初的印象最持久。毕竟，你不可能有机会给别人再留下一个第一印象。

(2)不定冠词可以用于某些具体化的抽象名词前，常考的具体化的抽象名词：success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，pity，danger，comfort，honour等。

Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times.在艰苦的时期，能够买得起一杯饮料是一件令人感到欣慰的事。

(3)有些不可数名词如knowledge，collection，understanding等后面加of...时，前面需用不定冠词a/an。have a (good) knowledge of...“精通……”；have a (clear/good) understanding of...“了解……”。

If you don't have a good knowledge of English，it's out of the question for you to use it flexibly and fluently.

如果你不精通英语，那么何谈灵活而流利地运用它呢！

3．用于固定搭配中

all of a sudden突然地as a matter of fact事实上

be/go on a diet节食pay a visit to参观；拜访

make a fool of 愚弄in a hurry匆忙地

make a living谋生 a waste of...浪费

once in a while偶尔keep an eye on 留意；留神

give sb.a lift让某人搭便车

at a loss不知所措；困惑

have a gift for在……方面有天赋

have a word with与……谈话

in a way从某种意义上说

as a result/consequence 因此

考点二定冠词

[先试做题组]

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1．(2019·合肥检测)Chinese brush calligraphy or “shufa” in Chinese is one of the most important art forms in China.

2．(2019·武汉高三调考)After taking a boat from the mainland，I arrived at the island province of Hainan.

3．(2019·赣中南五校一模)He plays the violin but gives lessons on the piano.

Ⅱ. 单句改错

4．(2019·福州模拟)I have been staying here for three weeks, and three weeks has been really tough.and后加the

5．(2019·洛阳统考)I could only tell him a truth.Instead of scolding, he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize to our neighbor.a→the [再解读要点]

1．定冠词的基本用法

(1)指双方都知道的人或物，或特指的人或物的名词前。

I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask.我刚刚听说多拉工作的那家银行被一名持枪蒙面人抢劫了。

(2)用于某些形容词或分词前，表示一类人。

We're not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor.

我们并不是说每个人都需要为穷人贡献自己的一切。

(3)用于序数词、形容词、副词的最高级以及形容词only，very，same前，以及对两个人或物进行比较时起特定作用的比较级前。

As is known to all，the People's Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.众所周知，中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。

This book is the better one of the two.

这本书是这两者中较好的那一本。

(4)用于世界上独一无二的事物名词前；乐器前；世纪年代前。例如：the sun；in the 21st century。