2011年MBA管理类联考综合和英语真题及答案解析
2011考研管理类联考综合能力答案解析
2011年管理联考真题参考答案及详解1.答案：B 解析：顺水： |水静 h hkm kmt 6.2/30781==h km /30=+=水静卖逆水： |水静 h hkm kmt 3/26782==h km /26=+=水静卖 h h h t t t 6.536.221=+=+=2.答案：A解析：4543535435304505303-=⨯⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⨯=⇒⎪⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎧=-==⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-=+=-abc c b a c b a 。
3.答案：C解析：4.答案：B解析：设正方体的边长为a ，如图可知，2aAB BC OC ===，则a a a a OA 43222222=++=）（）（）（，球体的半径为R ， 即R a R a 34,43==则。
3393834R R V ==）（。
6.答案：E7.答案：B解析：2001.09 2002.09 2003.09 2004.09 2005.09 2006.09 2007.092000 2200 2400 2800 3000 32002007年九月底的在校学生有：2004.09入学 2005.09入学 2006.09入学 2007.09入学共2600+2800+3000+3200=11600名。
8.答案：D解析：9.11.答案：E12.答案：D解析：13.答案：A解析：设原计划施工工期是x 天，则每天可掘进m x2400。
依题意有：502240040024002400400-=+-+x xx ，解得x=300.15.答案：C解析：()()()()()61149111122222233=+-=+-+=+-+++=++-+++=++++xy y x xy y x y x y x y x xy y x y x y x y x y x y x 。
16.答案：A解析：条件（1），e a ,e b ,e c 成等比数列，则（e b ）2=e a .e c，可得2b=a+c ，实数a,b,c 成等差数列，充分；条件（2），㏑a ，㏑b ，㏑c 成等差数列，则2㏑b=㏑a+㏑c ⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧>>>=⇒0002c b a acb 那么实数a,b,c 成等比数列，不充分；17.答案：E解析：条件（1）男生人数x ，女生人数y ，全班人数x+y ，男生及格率70%，女生及格率90%，全班及格率y x y x ++%90%70由于不知道x,y,无法推出yx yx ++%90%70的值为80%，故不充分；条件（2）男生人数x ，女生人数y ，全班人数x+y ，男生平均分a ，女生平均分a ，全班平均分yx yaxa ++仅有平均分，得不到与及格率相关的条件，故不充分。
2011年10月MBA联考(综合能力)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2011年10月MBA联考（综合能力）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 问题求解 2. 条件充分性判断 3. 逻辑推理 4. 写作问题求解本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
1．已知某种商品的价格从一月份到三月份的月平均增长速度为10％，那么该商品三月份的价格是其一月份价格的( )．A．21％B．110％C．120％D．121％E．133．1％正确答案：D解析：(1+10％)2=1．21=121％．2．含盐12．5％的盐水40千克蒸发掉部分水分后变成了含盐20％的盐水，则蒸发掉的水分重量为( )千克．A．19B．18C．17D．16E．15正确答案：E解析：设蒸发的水分重量为x千克，则3．为了调节个人收入，减少中低收入者的赋税负担，国家调整了个人工资薪金所得税的征收方案，已知原方案的起征点为2 000元／月，税费分九级征收，前四级税率如表1所列．新方案的起征点为3500元／月，税费分七级征收，前三级税率如表2所列．若某人在新方案下每月缴纳的个人工资薪金所得税是345元，则此人每月缴纳的个人工资薪金所得税比原方案减少了( )元．A．825B．480C．345D．280E．135正确答案：B解析：先计算出两种方案的区间值，见表3、表4：由新方案下每月缴纳的个人工资薪金所得税是345元，得出他的工资薪金为4500+3500=8000(元)，在老方案下为25+150+450+20％×(6000-5000)=825(元)，相差480元．4．一列火车匀速行驶时，通过一座长为250米的桥梁需要10秒钟，通过一座长为450米的桥梁需要15秒钟，则该火车通过长为1050米的桥梁需要( )秒．A．22B．25C．28D．30E．35正确答案：D解析：通过对比发现火车通过200米的路程需要5秒钟，则火车速度为40米／秒，火车长为40×10-250=150(米)，则火车通过1050米的桥梁需要时间为=30(秒)．5．打印一份材料，若每分钟打30个字，需要若干小时打完，当打到此材料的时，打字效率提高了40％，结果提前半小时打完，这份材料的字数是( )个．A．4650B．4 800C．4 950D．5100E．5 250正确答案：E解析：设这份材料的字数是x，则6．若等比数列{an}满足a2a4+2a3a5+a2a8=25，且a1＞0，则a3+a5=( )．A．8B．5C．2D．9E．1正确答案：B解析：a2a4+2a3a5+a2a8=25(a3+a5)2=5，由于a1＞0，则a3+a5＞0，a3+a5=5．7．某地区平均每天产生生活垃圾700吨，由甲、乙两个处理厂处理，甲厂每小时可处理垃圾55吨，所需费用为550元；乙厂每小时可处理垃圾45吨，所需费用为495元，如果该地区每天的垃圾处理费不能超过7370元，那么甲厂每天处理垃圾的时间至少需要( )小时．A．6B．7C．8D．9E．10正确答案：A解析：设甲厂每天处理垃圾的时间是x小时，乙厂每天处理垃圾的时间是y 小时，则8．若三次方程ax3+bx2+cx+d=0的三个不同实根x1，x2，x3满足x1+x2+x3=0，x1x2x3=0，则下列关系式中恒成立的是( )．A．ac=0B．ac＜0C．ac＞0D．a+c＜0E．a+c＞0正确答案：B解析：显然有一个根为0，不妨设x3=0，则x1+x2=0，可以算出b=0，d=0，即9．若等差数列an满足5a7-a3-12=0，则=( )．A．15B．24C．30D．45E．60正确答案：D解析：5a7-a3-12=05(a8-d)-(a8-5d)-12=0a8=3，则有10．10名网球选手中有2名种子选手，现将他们分成两组，每组5人，则2名种子选手不在同一组的概率为( )．A．B．C．D．E．正确答案：C解析：分子为：从8个人中选出4个人与种子选手进行搭配，即2×；分母为：，则概率为11．某种新鲜水果的含水量为98％，一天后的含水量降为97．5％，某商店以每斤1元的价格购进了1000斤新鲜水果，预计当天能售出60％，两天内售完．要使利润维持在20％，则每斤水果的平均售价应定为( )元．A．1．20B．1．25C．1．30D．1．35E．1．40正确答案：C解析：设一天后水果重量减少的百分数为x，定价为y元，则x=0．2=20％，则600y+400×(1-20％)y=1000×(1+20％)，计算得y=1．30(元)．12．在8名志愿者中，只能做英语翻译的有4人，只能做法语翻译的有3人，既能做英语翻译又能做法语翻译的有1人，现从这些志愿者中选取3人做翻译工作，确保英语和法语都有翻译的不同选法共有( )种．A．12B．18C．21D．30E．51正确答案：E解析：方法一：正面分类，按照只会法语的人是否选人分类：①只会法语的人选。
2011年MBA全国联考-华章-模考试卷英语4A答案
2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语试卷4A参考答案Section I1. A2. D.3. C4. B.5. B.6. A.7. D.8. D.9. C. 10. B.11. D. 12. A . 13. A. 14. C. 15. B.16. D. 17. A. 18. C. 19. B. 20. C.Section IIPart APassage 1 BACBDPassage 2 BDCADPassage 3 BACDCPassage 4 BDCBAPart BF DG B ESection III在美国中期大选前的最后几天，选举活动正日趋频繁。
11月2号的投票日临近之际，美国两大政党正努力接触关键的选举群体，希望动员核心选区的选民在选举日出门投票。
民调显示，反对党共和党在中期选举中有巨大的领先优势。
最近几个月来，调查显示，共和党选民，特别是保守派，在今年的选举中跃跃欲试，打算成群结队地去投票。
考虑到这一局势，美国总统奥巴马和其他民主党高层人士全力投入激烈的最后一博，以动员同样关键的民主党选民群体。
这些人曾为两年前奥巴马在总统大选中取胜发挥过重要作用。
最新的民调显示，参议院一些席位的角逐在选战的最后几天中越来越激烈，这给了民主党人一些鼓励。
大部分的分析家预测，共和党会在众议院选举中大获全胜，有许多人已经预计共和党将获得成为众议院多数所需的另外39个议席。
Part B范文：Preserving Natural ResourcesAs it is clearly showed from this picture, there is no water in the swimming pool. It is also not possible for people to have fun in the pool , such as, swimming and diving. However, the more severe phenomenon revealed from this picture is that if we still exploit our natural resources without any control, we will confront the most risky situation in the history of human life.Through the changes in the ways of making a living in a family over several generations, man has been warned against waste of natural resources and emphasizing the urgent need to preserve these resources. Ever since man appeared on the earth, man's survival has been heavily relied on nature. Almost everything we use in our everyday life comes from this planet, ranging from the food we eat, the water we drink, to the wood which is turned into furniture. With the development of technology and population growth, the amount and range of materials used has increased at an alarming rate. However, natural resources are not inexhaustible. Some reserves are already on the brink of exhaustion and there is no hope of replacing them.The widespread water shortage is an example in point. If man continued to squander natural resources with no thought for the future, the later generations would be in danger. It is up to us to take effective measures before the situation gets out of hand.英语4A详解Section I1.［A］根据句子前后逻辑关系和前一句时间状语的提示。
(完整版)联考英语真题
2011年1月MBA考试英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on”systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12.the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods” and brig ht “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”.Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a c ompulsory Internet “drive’s license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1．A.sweptB.skippedC.walkedD.ridden2．A.forB.withinC.whileD.though3．wlessC.pointlessD.helpless4．promiseD.proposal5．rmationB.interferenceC.entertainmentD.equivalent6．A.byB.intoC.fromD.over7．pared8．A.dismissB.discoverC.createD.improve9．A.recallB.suggestC.selectD.realize10．A.relcasedB.issuedC.distributedD.delivered11．A.carry onB.linger onC.set inD.log in12．A.In vainB.In effectC.In returnD.In contrast13．A.trustedB.modernized peting14．A.cautionB.delightC.confidenceD.patience15．A.onB.afterC.beyondD.across16．A.dividedB.disappointedC.protectedD.united17．A.frequestlyB.incidentallyC.occasionallyD.eventually18．A.skepticismB.releranceC.indifferenceD.enthusiasm19．A.manageableB.defendableC.vulnerableD.invisible20．A.invitedB.appointedC.allowedD.forcedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an out side director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldma n’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as h elpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms f or larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .[A]gaining excessive profits[B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make compromises[D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .[A]generous investors[B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters[D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surprise departure, the firm is likely to .[A]become more stable[B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market[D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm[B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is.[A]permissive[B]positive[C]scornful[D]criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own do om. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like … their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper .[A]neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers complained about slimmer products28. Compared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .[A]American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B]American Newspapers: Gone with the Wind[C]American Newspapers: A Thriving Business[D]American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies v an der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War IIand took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today buy that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartment s in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life –few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers –but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’.[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?[A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C]Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D]It had a great influence upon American architecture.33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design .[A]was related to large space[B]was identified with emptiness[C]was not reliant on abundant decoration[D]was not associated with efficiency34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?[A]They ignored details and proportions.[B]They were built with materials popular at that time.[C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?[A]Mechanical devices were widely used.[B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration[C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D]Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s e conomies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stu ck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonies.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and competitiveness, barked by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do not obey. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial council s. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern” camp headed by French wants something different: ”European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have murmured, curo-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.36. The EU is faced with so many problems that .[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37. The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant powers .[A] are competing for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D] disagree on the steps towards disintegration38. To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed that .[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that __ __.［A］poor countries are more likely to get funds［B］strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries［C］loans will be readily available to rich countries［D］rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel __ __.［A］pessimistic［B］desperate［C］conceited［D］hopefulPart BDirections:(7选5)In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions (41-45), choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald’s, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering “inducements” such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said. Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: “If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front.”He also urged councils to impose “fast-food-free zones” around school and hospitals-areas within which takeaways cannot open.A Department of Health spokesperson said: “We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new ‘responsibility deal’ with business, built on so cial responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this.”The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the46．Direction：In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese, write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points)Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volumes of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines d o-rough 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be done, and not just by big companies.Section IV WritingPart A47 Directions:1. Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university. Write him/her a letter to1) congratulate him/her, and2) give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)2. write a short essay baesd on the following chart.in your writing,you should:1)interpret the chart and2)give your commentsyou should write at least 150 wrodswrite your essay on answer sheet 2(15points)2008、2009年国内轿车市场部分【品牌份额示意图】2011年MBA/MPA/ MPACC英语参考答案完型填空：1-10 ACBDDBACCB11-20 DBACAADACD阅读PartA21-25 ADCBD26-30 DBCAA31-35 BDCDB36-40 ADBAD阅读Part B41-45EDCBG翻译部分：有谁会想到，在全球范围内，IT行业产生的温室气体跟全球航空公司产生的一样多？占二氧化碳总排量的2%.很多日常工作对环境造成了让人震惊的破坏作用。
2011年管理类联考综合能力真题及答案解析
2011年管理类联考综合能力真题及答案解析一、问题求解：第1~15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项中，只有一项是符合要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1.已知船在静水中的速度为28km/h ，河水的流速为2km/h ，则此船在相距78km 的两地间往返一次所需时间是（）（A ）5.9h （B ）5.6h （C ）5.4h （D ）4.4h （E ）4h2.若实数c b a ,,满足0)45(5332=-+++-c b a ，则=abc （A ）4-（B ）35-（C ）34-（D ）54（E ）32.某年级60名学生中，有30人参加合唱团、45人参加运动队，其中参加合唱团而未参加运动队的有8人，则参加运动队而未参加合唱团的有（）（A ）15人（B ）22人（C ）23人（D ）30人（E ）37人4.现有一个半径为R 的球体，拟用刨床将其加工成正方体，则能加工的最大正方体的体积是（A ）338R （B ）3938R （C ）334R （D ）331R （E ）393R 5.2007年，某市的全年研究与试验发展（R&D ）经费支出300亿元，比2006年增长20%，该市的GDP 为10000亿元，比2006年增长10%。
2006年该市的R&D 经费支出占当年GDP 的（A ）1.75%（B ）2%（C ）2.5%（D ）2.75%（E ）3%6.现从5名管理专业，4名经济专业和1名财会专业的学生中随机派出一个3人小组，则该小组中3个专业各有1名学生的概率为（A ）21（B ）31（C ）41（D ）51（E ）617.一所四年制大学每年的毕业生七月份离校，新生九月份入学。
该校2001年招生2000名，之后每年比上一年多招200名，则该校2007年九月底的在校学生有（A ）14000名（B ）11600名（C ）9000名（D ）6200名（E ）32008.将2个红球与1个白球随机地放入甲、乙、丙三个盒子中，则乙盒中至少有1个红球的概率为（A ）91（B ）278（C ）94（D ）95（E ）27179.如图1，四边形ABCD 是边长为1的正方形，弧均为半圆，则阴影部分的面积为（A ）21（B ）2π（C ）41π-（D ）12-π（D ）22π-图一10.3个3口之家一起观看演出，他们购买了同一排的9张连座票，则每一家的人都坐在一起的不同坐法有（A ）2)!3(种（B ）3)!3(种（C ）3)!3(3（D ）4)!3(种（E ）9！种11.设P 是圆222=+y x 上的一点，该圆在点P 的切线平行于直线02=++y x ，则点p 的坐标为（A ））（1,1-（B ）），（11-（C ）），（20（D ））（0,2（E ））（1,112.设c b a ,,是小于12的三个不同的质数（素数），且8=-+-+-a c c b b a ，则=++c b a （A ）10（B ）12（C ）14（D ）15（E ）1913.在年底的献爱心活动中。
2011年考研MBA综合真题及答案
•2011年MBA联考综合试题参考答案及详解2011年考研MBA综合真题普歇和巴斯德的实验设计都不够严密。
干草浸液中含有一种耐高温的枯草杆菌，培养液一旦冷却，枯草杆菌的孢子就会复活，迅速繁殖。
普歇和巴斯德都认为，虽然他们用的实验材料不同，但是经过煮沸，细菌都能被有效地杀灭。
27.张教授的所有初中同学都不是博士；通过张教授而认识其哲学研究所同事的都是博士；张教授的一个初中同学通过张教授认识了王研究员。
以下哪项能作为结论从上述断定中推出？王研究员是张教授的哲学研究所同事。
王研究员不是张教授的哲学研究所同事。
王研究员是博士。
王研究员不是博士。
王研究员不是张教授的初中同学。
28.一般将缅甸所产的经过风化或经河水搬运至河谷、河床中的翡翠大砾石，称为“老坑玉”。
老坑玉的特点是“水头好”、质坚、透明度高，其上品透明如玻璃，故称“玻璃种”或“冰种”。
同为老坑玉，其质量相对也有高低之分，有的透明度高一些，有的透明度稍差些，所以价值也有差别。
在其他条件都相同的情况下，透明度高的老坑玉比透明度较其低的单位价值高，但是开采的实践告诉人们，没有单位价值最高的老坑玉。
以上陈述如果为真，可以得出以下哪项结论？没有透明度最高的老坑玉。
透明度高的老坑玉未必“水头好”。
“老坑玉”中也有质量很好的翡翠。
老坑玉的单位价值还决定于其加工的质量。
随着年代的增加，老坑玉的单位价值会越来越高。
29.某教育专家认为：“男孩危机”是指男孩调皮捣蛋、胆小怕事、学习成绩不如女孩好等现象。
近些年，这种现象已经成为儿童教育专家关注的一个重要问题。
这位专家在列出一系列统计数据后，提出了“今日男孩为什么从小学、中学到大学全面落后于同年龄段的女孩”的疑问，这无疑加剧了无数男生家长的焦虑。
该专家通过分析指出，恰恰是家庭和学校不适当的教育方法导致了“男孩危机”现象。
以下哪项如果为真，最能对该专家的观点提出质疑？家庭对独生子女的过度呵护。
在很大程度上限制了男孩发散思维的拓展和冒险性格的养成。
2011年10月MBA英语考试真题
2011年10月MBA英语考试真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 acrossthe Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be thehigh-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of onlineservices.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“singlesign-on”systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12.the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of each other4．A.reason B.reminderpromiseD.proposal5 rmation． B.interferenceC.entertainmentD.equivalent6．A.by B.into C.from D.over7．A.linked B.directed C.chained pared8．A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve9．A.recall B.suggest C.selectD.realize10．A.relcased B.issuedC.distributedD.delivered11．A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in12．A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast13．A.trusted B.modernizedc.thriving peting14．A.caution B.delightC.confidenceD.patience15．A.on B.after C.beyondD.across16．A.divided B.disappointedC.protectedD.united17．A.frequestly B.incidentallyC.occasionallyD.eventually18．A.skepticism B.releranceC.indifferenceD.enthusiasm19．A.manageable B.defendableC.vulnerableD.invisible20．A.invited B.appointed C.allowed D.forcedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise”disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .[A]gaining excessive profits[B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make compromises[D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .[A]generous investors[B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters[D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surprise departure, the firm is likely to .[A]become more stable[B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market[D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm[B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .[A]permissive[B]positive[C]scornful[D]criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not alreadyfled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a fewyears ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papersstayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas wherenewspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like … their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper .[A]neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers complained about slimmer products28. Compared with their Americancounterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .[A]American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B]American Newspapers: Gone with theWind[C]American Newspapers: A Thriving Business[D]American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulusfor the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized bya German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War IIand took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today buy that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom unitsunder 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficienthouses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life – few American families acquired helicopters, though mosteventually got clothes dryers – but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’ .[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?[A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C]Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D]It had a great influence upon American architecture.33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design .[A]was related to large space[B]was identified with emptiness[C]was not reliant on abundant decoration[D]was not associated with efficiency34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?[A]They ignored details and proportions.[B]They were built with materials popular at that time.[C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?[A]Mechanical devices were widely used.[B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration[C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D]Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will the European Union make it? Thequestion would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonies.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and competitiveness, barked by quasi-automaticsanctions for governments that do not obey. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern” camp headed by French wants something different: ”European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have murmured, curo-zone members should agree to somefiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.36. The EU is faced with so many problems that .[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37. The debate over the EU’s singlecurrency is stuck because the dominant powers .[A] are competing for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D] disagree on the steps towards disintegration38. To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed that .[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that __ __.［A］poor countries are more likely to get funds［B］strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries［C］loans will be readily available to rich countries［D］rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel __ __.［A］pessimistic［B］desperate［C］conceited［D］hopefulPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government's role in promoting public health by demanding that ministersimpose "fat taxes" on unhealthy food and introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor diet.The demands follow comments made last week by the health secretary，Andrew Lansley，who insisted the government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations.But senior medical figures want to shop fast-food outlets opening near schools，restrict advertising of products high in fat，salt or sugar，and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food products such as McDonald's.They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain's addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity，diabetes and heart disease. Professor Terence Stephenson ，president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health，said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as smoking orexcessive drinking."Thirty years ago, it would have been inconceivable to have imagined a ban on smoking in the workplace or in pubs, and yet that is what we have now. Are we willing to be just as courageous in respect of obesity? I would suggest that we should be," said the leader of the UK's children's doctors.Lansley has alarmed health campaigners by suggesting he wants industry rather than government to take the lead. He said that manufactures of crisps and candies could play a central role in the Change4Life campaign, the centerpiece of government efforts to boost healthy eating and fitness. He has also criticized the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver'shigh-profile attempt to improve school lunches in England as an example of how "lecturing" people was not the best way to change their behavior.Stephenson suggested potential restrictions could include banning TVadvertisements for foods high in fat, aslt or sugar before 9 pm and limiting them on billboards or in cinemas." If we were really bold, we might even begin to think of high-calorie fast food in the same way as cigarettes-by setting strict limits on advertising, product placement and sponsorship of sports events," he said.Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald's, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering "inducements" such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.Porfessor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: "if children are taught about the impact that food had on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front."He also urged councils to impose"fast-food-free zones" around schools andhospitals-areas within which takeaways cannot open.A Department of Health spokesperson said: "We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new 'responsibility deal' with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this."The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed against smoking over the last decade.A. "fat taxes" should be imposed on fast-food producers suchas McDonald’s41. Andrew Lansley held that B. The government should ban fast-food outlets in the neighborhood of schools.42. Terence Stephenson agreed that C. "lecturing" was an effective way to improve school lunches in England43.Jamie Oliver seemed to believe that D. cigarette-style warnings should be introduced to children about the dangers of a poor diet44. Dinesh Bhugra suggested that E. The producers of crisps and candies could contribute significantly to the Change4Life campaign.45. A Department of Health F. parents should set good examples for their children byspokesperson proposed that keeping a healthy diet at home.G. the government should strengthen the sense ofresponsibility among businesses.46．Direction：In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese, write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points)Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volumes of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlinesdo-rough 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned,which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be done, and not just by big companies.。
2011年管理类专业学位全国联考真题解析
2011年管理类专业学位全国联考真题解析第一部分、综合能力真题一、问题求解：第15~1小题，每小题3分，共45分，下列每题给出的A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项，只有一项是符合试题要求的，请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1．已知船在静水中的速度为28h km /，河水的流速为2h km /。
则此船在相距78km 的两地间往返一次所需时间是A ．h 9.5B ．h 6.5C ．h 4.5D ．h 4.4E ．h 4 【考点】：行程问题【解析】：【参考答案】：B 2．若实数a ，b ，c 满足0)45(5332=-+++-c b a ，则=abc （ ）A ．4-B ．35-C ．34- D ．54E ．4 【考点】：非负性【解析】：⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-=+=-04505303c b a ⇒⎪⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎧=-==54353c b a ⇒454)35(3-=⨯-⨯=abc 。
【参考答案】：A3．某年级60名学生中，有30人参加合唱团、45人参加运动队，其中参加合唱团而未参加运动队的有8人，则参加运动队而未参加合唱团的有（ ）A ．15人B ．22人C ．23人D ．30人E ．37人 【考点】： 容斥原理 【解析】： 【参考答案】：C4．现有一个半径为R 的球体，拟用刨床将其加工成正方体，则能加工成的最大正方体的体kmS 78=顺水：hkm V V V /30=+=→→→水静实h km V /28=→静h km V /2=→水kmS 78=逆水：hkm V V V /26=-=→←←水静实h km V /28=←静h km V /2=→水h h km km t 6.2/30781==h h km km t 3/26782==h h h t t t 6.536.221=+=+=11115C 14C 11C ⨯⨯61123145310111415=⨯⨯⨯⨯=⋅⋅=C C C C p 积是（ ）A ．338R B ．3938R C ．334R D ．331R E ．393R【考点】：立体几何 【解析】：设正方体的边长为a ，如图可知，2aAB BC OC ===，则a a a a OA 43)2()2()2(222=++=，球体的半径为R ，即R a =43，则R a 34=。
2011年MBA联考真题
400-618-25002011年MBA/MPA/MPACC联考综合真题及解析一、问题求解：第1~15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，只有一项是符合要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1、已知船在静水中的速度为28km/h，河水的流速为2 km/h，则此船在相距78 km的两地间往返一次所需时间是（）（A）5.9h （B）5.6h （C）5.4h （D）4.4h （E）4h 1.答案为（B）解析：所求时间2、若实数满足，则（）（A）（B）（C）（D）（E）3、某年级60年学生中,有30人参加合唱团、45人参加运动队,其中参加合唱团而未参加运动队的有8人,则参加运动队而未参加合唱团的有（）（A）15人（B）22人（C）23人（D）30人（E）37人答案为（C）解析：如图所示所述为(人)4、现有一个半径为R的球体,拟用刨床将其加工成正方体,则能加工成的最大正方体的体积是（）（A）（B）（C）（D）（E）答案为（B）解析：所求最大正方体应是球体的内切正方体，设正方体边长为，则从而5、2007年,某市的全年研究与试验发展(R&D)经费支出300亿元,比2006年增长20%,该市的GDP为10000亿元,比2006年增长10%,2006年,该市的R&D经费支出占当年GDP的（）（A）1.75% （B）2% （C）2.5% （D）2.75% （E）3% 答案为（D）解析：设2006年R&D为a，GDP为b，由已知，从而6、现从5名管理专业、4名经济专业和1名财会专业的学生中随机派出一个3人小组，则该小组中3个专业各有1名学生的概率为（）（A）（B）（C）(D) (E)答案为（E）解析：总选派方法为（种），所述事件的选派方法为(种), 因此：所求概率。
7、一所四年制大学每年的毕业生七月份离校，新生九月份入学。
该校2001年招生2000名，之后每年比上一年多招200名，则该校2007年九月底的在校学生有（）（A）14000名（B）11600名（C）9000名(D) 6200名(E)3200名答案为（B）解析：2007年九月底，共有四个年级，其人数依次为：2000+3200，2000+4200，2000+5200，2000+6200，从而总人数为42000+18200＝8000+3600＝11600人。
2011年MBA英语真题及答案解析补全新题型(精)
2011年MBA英语真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web. Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specificcomputer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on”systems that make it possib le for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12.the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”.Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy righ ts activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a compulsory Internet “drive’s license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of theInternet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads. 1．A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden2．A.for B.within C.while D.though3．A.careless wless C.pointless D.helpless4．A.reason B.reminder promise D.proposal5 rmation． B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent6．A.by B.into C.from D.over7．A.linked B.directed C.chained pared8．A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve9．A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize10．A.relcased B.issued C.distributed D.delivered11．A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in12．A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast13．A.trusted B.modernized c.thriving peting14．A.caution B.delight C.confidence D.patience15．A.on B.after C.beyond D.across16．A.divided B.disappointed C.protected D.united17．A.frequestly B.incidentally C.occasionally D.eventually18．A.skepticism B.relerance C.indifference D.enthusiasm19．A.manageable B.defendable C.vulnerable D.invisible20．A.invited B.appointed C.allowed D.forcedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enoughindependence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises. The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outsidedirectors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .[A]gaining excessive profits[B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make compromises[D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .[A]generous investors[B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters[D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surprise departure, the firm is likely to .[A]become more stable[B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market[D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm[B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .[A]permissive[B]positive[C]scornful[D]criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the globalindustry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further. Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization forEconomic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like … their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper .[A]neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers complained about slimmer products28. Compared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .[A]American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B]American Newspapers: Gone with the Wind[C]American Newspapers: A Thriving Business[D]American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase“less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War IIand took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies. Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, heemployed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today buy that in the1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along t he city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century. The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life – few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers – but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’ .[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?[A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C]Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D]It had a great influence upon American architecture.33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design .[A]was related to large space[B]was identified with emptiness[C]was not reliant on abundant decoration[D]was not associated with efficiency34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?[A]They ignored details and proportions.[B]They were built with materials popular at that time.[C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?[A]Mechanical devices were widely used.[B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration[C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D]Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now eve n the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single cu rrency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to sa ve Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonies.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and competitiveness, barked by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do not obey. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a smallmajority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern” camp headed by French wants something different: ”European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politiciansintervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have murmured, curo-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.36. The EU is faced with so many problems that .[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37. The debat e over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant powers .[A] are competing for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D] disagree on the steps towards disintegration38. To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed that .[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that __ __. ［A］poor countries are more likely to get funds［B］strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries ［C］loans will be readily available to rich countries［D］rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel __ __. ［A］pessimistic ［B］desperate［C］conceited［D］hopefulPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government's role in promoting public health by demanding that ministers impose "fat taxes" on unhealthy food and introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor diet.The demands follow comments made last week by the health secretary，Andrew Lansley，who insisted the government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations.But senior medical figures want to shop fast-food outlets opening near schools，restrict advertising of products high in fat，salt or sugar，and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food products such as McDonald's.They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain's addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity，diabetes and heart disease. Professor TerenceStephenson ，president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health，said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or excessive drinking."Thirty years ago, it would have been inconceivable to have imagined a ban on smoking in the workplace or in pubs, and yet that is what we have now. Are we willing to be just ascourageous in respect of obesity? I would suggest that we should be," said the leader of the UK's children's doctors.Lansley has alarmed health campaigners by suggesting he wants industry rather than government to take the lead. He said that manufactures of crisps and candies could play a central role in the Change4Life campaign, the centerpiece of government efforts to boost healthy eating and fitness. He has also criticized the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver's high-profile attempt to improve school lunches in England as an example of how "lecturing" people was not the best way to change their behavior.Stephenson suggested potential restrictions could include banning TV advertisements for foods high in fat, aslt or sugar before 9 pm and limiting them on billboards or in cinemas." If we were really bold, we might even begin to think of high-calorie fast food in the same way as cigarettes-by setting strict limits on advertising, product placement and sponsorship of sports events," he said.Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald's, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering "inducements" such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said. Porfessor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: "if children are taught about the impact that food had on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front."He also urged councils to impose "fast-food-free zones" around schools and hospitals-areas within which takeaways cannot open.A Department of Health spokesperson said: "We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new 'responsibility deal' with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this."The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed against smoking over the last decade.In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese, write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points)Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volumes of gre enhouse gases as the world’s airlines do-rough 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be done, and not just by big companies.Section IV WritingPart A47 Directions:Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university. Write him/her a letter to1) congratulate him/her, and2) give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)write a short essay baesd on the following chart.in your writing,you should:1)interpret the chart and2)give your commentsyou should write at least 150 wrodswrite your essay on answer sheet 2(15points)完形填空参考答案1~5 ACBDD 6~10 BACCB 11~15 DBACA 16~20 ADACDTEXT 1 参考答案21．A。
2011年1月全国MBA联考英语真题详解-含音标适合英语O基础菜鸟.
2011年MBA英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has swept across the Web.[əˈfɔ:d] [ˌænəˈnɪmɪti:] ˈpraivəsi [iksˈpləuʒən]爆发[ˈsaibə] 计算机（网络）的cyber-crime电脑犯罪1．A.swept扫 B.skipped跳 C.walked D.ridden互联网为用户提供匿名权，私人祝福和言论自由。
但是过度的匿名的还导致了席卷整个网络的网络犯罪的爆发Can privacy be preserved while bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly lawless ?[英] [siˈkjuəriti] [英] [ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli]2．A.for B.within C.while D.though3．A.careless wless C.pointless无意义的 D.helpless隐私是否应该被保护当它为世界带来似乎越来越多的不合法的安全性？Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a proposal to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech equivalent of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled into one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential linked to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.[zɑ:, tsɑ:]皇帝；独裁者[英] [prəˈpəuzəl] 提议；建议；求婚[ˈvɔləntəri] [aiˈdentiti][iˈkwivələnt] 相等的相当的[ˈdidʒitəl] [kriˈdenʃəl][ɔ:ˈθentɪˌkeɪt]鉴定、生效[rɪˈmaɪndə] 令人回忆起……的东西；通知单；提示信smart card n.智能卡roll into 4．A.reason B.reminder promise妥协 D.proposal5 rmation B.interference干涉干扰 C.entertainment娱乐招待D.equivalent6．A.by流逝 B.into roll into（使）滚进 C.from D.over翻滚7．A.linked B.directed把……用于，指示去C.chained[tʃeind] 拴住，束缚 pared上个月，霍华德.施密特，国家的网络-专家，为联邦政府提供了一个使网络成为一个安全场所的提议，这个提议就是建立一个叫做“自愿信任身份识别”的高科技系统，它等价于一个实体钥匙，一个指纹和一个带照片的身份证结合起来。
2011年MBA管理类联考综合和英语真题及答案解析
2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考综合能力一、问题求解：第1~15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的A 、B 、C 、D 、E五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡．．．上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1．已知船在静水中的速度为28km/h ，河水的流速为2 km/h ．则此船在相距78km 的两地间往返一次所需时间是（A ）5.9h（B ）5.6h （C ）5.4h（D ）4.4h （E ）4h2．若实数a,b,c 满足，则abc= （A ）—4（B ）（C ） （D ）（E ）33．某年级60名学生中，有30人参加合唱团、45人参加运动队，其中参加合唱团而未参加运动队的有8人，则参加运动队而未参加合唱团的有（A ）15人（B ）22人 （C ）23人（D ）30人 （E ）37人4．现有一个半径为R 的球体，拟用刨床将其加工成正方体，则能加工成的最大正方体的体积是（A ） （B ）（C ） （D ） 23(54)0a c --=53-43-45383R 39R 343R 313R1（E ）5．2007年，某市的全年研究与试验发展（R &D ）经费支出300亿元，比2006年增长20%，该市的GDP 为10000亿元，比2006年增长10%。
2006年，该市的R &D 经费支出占当年GDP 的（A ）1.75%（B ）2% （C ）2.5%（D ）2.75% （E ）3%6．现从5名管理专业、4名经济专业和1名财会专业的学生中随机派出一个3人小组，则该小组中3个专业各有1名学生的概率为（A ）12（B ）13 （C ）14（D ）15（E ）167．一所四年制大学每年的毕业生七月份离校，新生九月份入学。
该校2001年招生2000名，之后每年比上一年多招200名，则该校2007年九月底的在校学生有（A ）14000名（B ）11600名 （C ）9000名（D ）6200名 （E ）3200名8．将2个红球与1个白球随机地放入甲、乙、丙三个盒子中，则乙盒中至少有1个红球的概率为（A ）19（B ）827 （C ）49 （D ）59（E ）172739R29．如图1，四边形ABCD 是边长为1的正方形，弧AOB,BOC,COD,DOA 均为半圆，则阴影部分的面积为（A ）12 （B ）π2（C ）π1-4（D ）π-12 （E ）π2-210．3个3口之家一起观看演出，他们购买了同一排的9张连座票，则每一家的人都坐在一起的不同做坐有（A ）()23!种（B ）()33!种 （C ）()333!种（D ）()43!种 （E ）9!种11．设P 是圆222x y +=上的一点，该圆在点P 的切线平行于直线x+y+2=0，则点P 的坐标为（A ）（-1，1）（B ）（1，-1） （C ）（0）（D ）0） （E ）（1，1）12．设a ，b ，c 是小于12的三个不同的质数（素数）．且 ，则a+b+c= （A ）10（B ）12 （C ）14（D ）15（E ）1913．在年底的献爱心活动中，某单位共有100人参加捐款.经统计，捐款总额是19000元，个人捐款数额有100元、500元和2000元三种，该单位捐款500元的人数为（A ）13（B ）18 （C ）25（D ）30 （E ）38a-b b-c c-a 8++=314．某施工队承担了开凿一条长为2400m 隧道的工程，在掘进了400m 后，由于改进了施工工艺，每天比原计划多掘进2m ，最后提前50天完成了施工任务，原计划施工工期是（A ）200天 （B ）240天（C ）250天（D ）300天 （E ）350天15．已知 ，则 = （A ）（B ） （C ）（D ） （E ）二、条件充分性判断：第16~25小题，每小题3分，共30分。
XXXX年MBA英语真题
2011年MBA（工商管理硕士）英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems i ncreasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the na tion’s cyber-czar, offered the federal governme nt a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system tha t would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital cred ential 7 to a specific puter .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authe nticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among panies that already have these“single sign-on”sys tems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different ser vices.12.the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe “neighbo rhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 munity.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and o rganizations can plete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of e ach other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction run s”.Still, the administra tion’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initia tive push toward what would 17 be a pulsory Internet “drive’s license” mental ity.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some puter security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to registe r and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1．A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden2．A.for B.within C.while D.though3．A.careless wless C.pointless D.helpless4．A.reason B.reminder C.promise D.proposal5．rmation B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent6．A.by B.into C.from D.over7．A.linked B.directed C.chained D.pared8．A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve9．A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize10．A.relcased B.issued C.distributed D.delivered11．A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in12．A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast13．A.trusted B.modernized C.thriving D.peting14．A.caution B.delight C.confidence D.patience15．A.on B.after C.beyond D.across16．A.divided B.disappointed C.protected D.united17．A.frequestly B.incidentally C.occasionally D.eventually18．A.skepticism B.relerance C.indifference D.enthusiasm19．A.manageable B.defendable C.vulnerable D.invisible20．A.invited B.appointed C.allowed D.forcedSection II Reading prehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the en d of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s pensation mittee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they pre sumably have e nough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to g ive advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they si mply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on t hose “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the pany will subsequently have t o restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a fed eral class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform wors e. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation betweenthem leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does no t mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “tra de up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurr ed. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Sim mons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .[A]gaining excessive profits[B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make promises[D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .[A]generous investors[B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters[D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio Uni versity after an outside director’s surprise departure, the firm is likely to .[A]bee more stable[B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market[D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm[B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .[A]permissive[B]positive[C]scornful[D]criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The r ecession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fle d to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling th eir own doom. America’s Federal Trade mission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they bee charitable corporations? Should the state subs idize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out o f date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most trou bled e of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profi t. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all th e same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboa rd. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have go ne since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed furthe r.Newspapers are being more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues fr om readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, accor ding to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan t he proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable. The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damag e has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and fi lm reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bu reaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less plete as a result. But plete ness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like … their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper .[A]neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers plained about slimmer products28. pared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stab le because they .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper busin ess?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]pleteness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .[A]American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B]American Newspapers: Gone with the Wind[C]American Newspapers: A Thriving Business[D]American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of pr osperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to co llege on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of mon sense and a belief that les s could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in bination with the postwar confidence in th e future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was a ctually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a sch ool of design, emigrated to the United States before World War IIand took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that M ies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has moreimpact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like othe r modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today buy that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophi sticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and e fficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, fo r example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in th eir older neighbors along the city’s Gol d Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popu lar at the time.The trend toward “less” was not e ntirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wrigh t started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square fe et-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20 th century.The “Case Study Houses” missioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown infl uence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life – few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers – but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable w as widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style la rgely reflected the Americans’ .[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?[A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C]Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D]It had a great influence upon American architecture.33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design .[A]was related to large space[B]was identified with emptiness[C]was not reliant on abundant decoration[D]was not associated with efficiency34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?[A]They ignored details and proportions.[B]They were built with materials popular at that time.[C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?[A]Mechanical devices were widely used.[B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration[C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D]Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “B ermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic cor e, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the d iscipline of sharing a single currency, which denies unpetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to sa ve Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, a gree on the need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree abou t what to harmonies.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and pet itiveness, barked by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do not obey. T hese might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-proje cts and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial counci ls. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EUclub, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economi c rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French i nterference.A “southern” camp headed by French wants something different: ”European economi c government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means p oliticians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from rich er to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through mon Eurobonds or plete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have mu rmured, curo-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing petition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single mar ket of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to good s, capital and labour than any parable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.36. The EU is faced with so many problems that .[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37. The debate ove r the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant power s .[A] are peting for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D] disagree on the steps towards disintegration38. To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed that .[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that __ __. ［A］poor countries are more likely to get funds［B］strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries［C］loans will be readily available to rich countries［D］rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel __ __. ［A］pessimistic［B］desperate［C］conceited［D］hopefulPart BDirections:(7选5)In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions (41-45), c hoose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered bl ank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald’s, which sponsors the yo uth coach ing scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offe ring “inducements” such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure yo ung customers, Stephenson said.Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal Coll ege of Psychiatrists, said: “I f children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that som e things can harm, at least information is available up front.”He also urged councils to impose “fast-food-free zones” around school and hospi t als-areas within which takeaways cannot open.A Department of Health spokesperson said: “We need to create a new vision for pub lic health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. Thi s includes creating a new ‘responsibility deal’ with business, built on social r esponsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white pape r setting out exactly how we will achieve this.”The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical move s, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed ag ainst smoking over the last decade.46．Direction：In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese, write yourtranslation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points)Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same vol umes of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do-rough 2 percent of all CO2 em issions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed t o get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful puters. Wh ile producing large quantities of CO2, these puters emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy. However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but ther e is much to be done, and not just by big panies.Section IV WritingPart A47 Directions:1. Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university. Write him/h er a letter to1) congratulate him/her, and2) give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” in stead. Do not write the address. (10 points)2. write a short essay baesd on the following chart.in your writing,you should:1)interpret the chart and2)give your mentsyou should write at least 150 wrodswrite your essay on answer sheet 2(15points)。
名师解析2011年MBA联考综合能力真题及答案
【主持人】：各位同学大家晚上好!下面掌声有请郭老师给大家讲中文写作。
郭泉：大家晚上好。
今天晚上能够来这么多人，还是很感动的。
我下午拿到提纲，现在发的题里面，可能有一些字不是很准确，但是也不影响对整道题的分析。
从这道题来看，比以往出的一些题要简单一些，因为问题比较多。
但是很多人拿到的，最核心的几个问题，从顺序上给大家讲一下。
如果要从股市中赚钱就必须低进买进股票，高价卖出股票，这是人人明白的基本道理，只有正确判断股价的高低，上述道理才有意义，否则就毫无价值。
这段话，目前看没有问题。
股价的高低是一个相对的概念，只有通过比较才能实现，一般来说要正确判断某一股票价格高低，唯一的途径就是看它的历史表现。
看到这儿，肯定很多人知道这个是有问题的。
所以要分析出，特别绝对的字眼，毫无疑问是有问题的。
判断某一股票高低唯一的途径是看历史表现，这个又是偏颇，说它绝对化也可以，如果说这里面没有炒股的人，或者有炒股的人，我觉得这道题回答起来对没有炒股的人更容易一些。
因为不受很多外在条件去影响它。
大家都知道中国股市它是一个个案，它跟全球股市比起来有很多奇怪之处，有一个股票，它突然公布说公司今年是亏损的，成了ST了，那个股票一定猛涨，一公布股票今年增幅了百分之百，这个股票一定在猛跌，它基本上不符合很多股票的价值规律。
所以，总的来看文章，你要基于国内炒股现象，这个题还是一个大问题，它说的全有道理。
但是从价值观来看，从股票内在价值来讲，这里面有很多逻辑漏洞，不管它有内在价值也好，还是专业炒股也好，都不要考虑这个，光看文字上的逻辑关系。
第二，偷换概念，这个概念偷换的很强烈，而且用了很大的文字来偷换概念。
比如说把历史表现偷换成客观事实，把股票的今后走势偷换成一个主观预测，这个很明显。
如果偷换成立了，它问题也就成立了，但是这个偷换明显是比较浅层次的。
因为它偷换概念，所以它由此得出来的结论也不足为信。
第三点，我们怎么可以只凭主观预测而不顾客观事实呢?这是基于它偷换概念上的一个逻辑错误。
2011年mba真题及答案
Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of spe ech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 acro ss the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems incr easingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be t he high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific compu ter .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 whic h system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet d river’s license10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on”sys tems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12.the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoo ds” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organi zations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”.Still, the administration’s plan has16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the appr oach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a compulsory Internet “drive’s license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts, who wo rry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned b y Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of t he Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify t hemselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1．A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden2．A.for B.within C.while D.though3．A.careless wless C.pointless D.helpless4．A.reason B.reminder promise D.proposal5 rmation． B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent6．A.by B.into C.from D.over7．A.linked B.directed C.chained pared8．A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve9．A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize10．A.relcased B.issued C.distributed D.delivered11．A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in12．A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast13．A.trusted B.modernized c.thriving peting14．A.caution B.delight C.confidence D.patience15．A.on B.after C.beyond D.across16．A.divided B.disappointed C.protected D.united17．A.frequestly B.incidentally C.occasionally D.eventually 18．A.skepticism B.relerance C.indifference D.enthusiasm 19．A.manageable B.defendable C.vulnerable D.invisible20．A.invited B.appointed C.allowed D.forced完形填空参考答案3.51-5 ACBDD 6-10 BDCBB11-15 DBACA 16-20 ADACDSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth S immons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she a pparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Si mmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, s he said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a fir m’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably hav e enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and th e share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely rea son for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” dis appearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, t he probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by ne arly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, a nd the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a bl ow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who w ant to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Oth erwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .[A]gaining excessive profits[B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make compromises[D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .[A]generous investors[B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters[D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surp rise departure, the firm is likely to .[A]become more stable[B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market[D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm[B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is.[A]permissive[B]positive[C]scornful[D]critical21-25 BDCAB 2Text 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to th e internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It w ill hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have s hrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled co me of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 2 0% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboar d. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the ner ve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the rig ht ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their rel iance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to th e Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportio n is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the da mage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film r eviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like … their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper .[A]neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers complained about slimmer products28. Compared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper busines s?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .[A]American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B]American Newspapers: Gone with the Wind[C]American Newspapers: A Thriving Business[D]American Newspapers: A Hopeless Story26-30 DBCAA6Text 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of p rosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college o n the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to li ve with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phr ase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Miesvan der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, e migrated to the United States before World War IIand took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert en ormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impa ct that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern ar chitects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted t oday buy that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation maske d the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegan t towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright st arted building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influ ence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life –few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers –but his belief tha t self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’.[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?[A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C]Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D]It had a great influence upon American architecture.33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design .[A]was related to large space[B]was identified with emptiness[C]was not reliant on abundant decoration[D]was not associated with efficiency34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?[A]They ignored details and proportions.[B]They were built with materials popular at that time.[C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?[A]Mechanical devices were widely used.[B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration[C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D]Eco-friendly materials were employed.31-35 CDCDB 6Text 4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not lon g ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single c urrency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuc k. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on th e need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmon ies.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and co mpetitiveness, barked by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do not obey. Thes e might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects and even the suspen sion of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom ther e is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alo ne, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern” camp headed by French wants something different: ”European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politician s intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer mem bers, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fisc al transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have murmured, curo-zone me mbers should agree to some fiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing competition in c orporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At it s best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour th an any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.36. The EU is faced with so many problems that .[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37. The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant power s .[A] are competing for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D] disagree on the steps towards disintegration38. To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed that .[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that __ __.［A］poor countries are more likely to get funds［B］strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries［C］loans will be readily available to rich countries［D］rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel __ __.［A］pessimistic［B］desperate［C］conceited［D］hopeful36-40 BCBADPart B 6Directions:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the rig ht column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1. (1 0 points)41-45 EDCBG 641-45 EDCBGPart B 参考答案41．E。
2011年管理类联考
2011年管理类联考：MBA、MPA、MPAcc-综合能力真题及答案Post By：2011-1-16 20:47:24四、写作：第56~57题，共65分。
其中论证有效性分析30分，论说文35分。
请写在答题纸指定的位置上。
56．论证有效性分析：分析下述论证中存在的缺陷和漏洞，选择若干要点，写一篇600字左右的文章，对该论证的有效性进行分析和评论。
（论证有效性分析的一般要点是：概念特别是核心概念的界定和使用是否准确并前后一致，有无各种明显的逻辑错误，论证的证据是否成立并支持结论，结论成立的条件是否充分等。
）如果你要从股市中赚钱，就必须低价买进股票，高价卖出股票，这是人人都明白的基本道理，但是，问题的关键是在于如何判断股价的高低。
只有正确地判断股价的高低，上述的基本道理才有意义，否则，就毫无实用价值。
股价的高低是一个相对的概念，只有通过比较才能显现。
一般来说，要正确判断某一股票的价格高低，唯一的途径就是看它的历史表现，但是，有人在判断当前某一股价的高低时，不注重股票的历史表现，而只注重股票今后的走势，这是一种危险的行为。
因为股票的历史表现是一种客观事实，客观事实具有无可争辩的确定性；股票的今后走势只是一种主观预测，主观预测具有极大的不确定性，我们怎么可以只凭主观预测而不顾客观事实呢？再说，股价的未来走势充满各种变数，它的涨和跌不是必然的，而是或然的。
我们只能借助概率进行预测。
假如宏观经济、市场态势和个股表现均好，它的上涨概率就大；假如宏观经济、市场态势和个股表现均不好，它的上涨概率就小；假如宏观经济、市场态势和个股表现不相一致，它的上涨概率就需要酌情而定。
由此可见，要从股市获取利益，第一是要掌握股价涨跌的概率，第二还是要掌握股价涨跌的概率，第三也还是要掌握股价涨跌的概率。
掌握了股价涨跌的概率，你就能赚钱；否则，你就会赔钱。
57．论说文：根据下述材料，写一篇700字左右的论说文，题目自拟。
众所周知，人才是立国、富国、强国之本，如何使人才尽快的脱颖而出。
2011年管理类联考综合能力真题答案及解析
2011 年硕士研究生入学考试管理类专业硕士综合能力真题及参考答案一、问题求解：第1~15 小题，每小题 3 分，共45 分。
下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E 五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
三、逻辑推理：第26～55小题，每小题2分，共60分。
下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
26．巴斯德认为，空气中的微生物浓度与环境状况、气流运动和海拔高度有关。
他在山上的不同高度分别打开装着煮过的培养液的瓶子，发现海拔越高，培养液被微生物污染的可能性越小。
在山顶上，20 个装了培养液的瓶子，只有 1 个长出了微生物。
普歇另用干草浸液做材料重复了巴斯德的实验，却得出不同的结果：即使在海拔很高的地方，所有装了培养液的瓶子都很快长出了微生物。
以下哪项如果为真，最能解释普歇和巴斯德实验所得到的不同结果？（A）只要有氧气的刺激，微生物就会从培养液中自发地生长出来。
（B）培养液在加热消毒、密封、冷却的过程中会被外界细菌污染。
（C）普歇和巴斯德的实验设计都不够严密。
（D）干草浸液中含有一种耐高温的枯草杆菌，培养液一旦冷却，枯草杆菌的孢子就会复活，迅速繁殖。
（E）普歇和巴斯德都认为，虽然他们用的实验材料不同，但是经过煮沸，细菌都能被有效地杀灭。
27．张教授的所有初中同学都不是博士；通过张教授而认识其哲学研究所的同事的都是博士；张教授的一个初中同学通过张教授认识了王研究员。
以下哪项能作为结论从上述断定中推出？（A）王研究员是张教授的哲学研究所同事。
（B）王研究员不是张教授的哲学研究所同事。
（C）王研究员是博士。
（D）王研究员不是博士。
（E）王研究员不是张教授的初中同学。
28．一般将缅甸所产的经过风化或经河水搬运至河谷、河床中的翡翠大砾石，称为“老坑玉”。
老坑玉的特点是“水头好”、质坚、透明度高，其上品透明如玻璃，故称“玻璃种”或“冰种”。
2011年全国硕士研究生MBA考试英语真题
2011年全国硕士研究生MBA考试英语真题点击数：519 更新时间:2011/03/28 【来源：华章mba 作者:jack】Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text . Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark, A.B.C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place- a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card , all rolled6 one. The system might usea smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. Users could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these “single sign-on” systems that make it poosible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12, the approach would create a “walled garden” in cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods”ang bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizationsd can complete online transactions with 14 , trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrasrtucture 15 which the transaction runs.”Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some apprand the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a compulsory Inter net “driver’s license ” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some comeputer cecurity experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned bu Mr.Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 . They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads .1. [A] swept [B] skipped [C] walked [D] ridden2. [A] for [B] within [C]while [D] though3. [A] careless [B] lawless [C] pointless [D] helpless4. [A] reason [B] reminder [C] compromise [D] proposal5. [A] information [B] interference [C] entertainment [D] equivalent6. [A] by [B] into [C] from [D] over7. [A] linked [B] directed [C] chained [D] compared8. [A] dismiss [B] discover [C] create [D] improve9. [A] recall [B]suggest [C] select [D] realize10.[A] released [B] issued [C] distributed [D] delivered11.[A] carry on [B] linger on [C] set in [D] log in12.[A] In vain [B] In effect [C] In return [D] In contrast13.[A] trusted [B] modernized [C] thriving [D]competing14.[A] caution [B] delight [C] comfidence [D] patience15.[A]on [B] affer [C] beyond [D] across16.[A]divided [B] disappointed [C] protected [D] united17.[A] frequently [B] incidentally [C]occasionally [D]eventually18.[A] skeptocisn [B] tolerance [C] indeifference [D]enthusiasm19.[A] manageable [B] defendable [C] vulnerable [D] invisible20.[A]invited [B]appointed [C]allowed [D]forcedSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in january 2000; a yaer later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much criticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she siad.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, adisers on a fitm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with chief ex ecutive’s proposals. If the sky, and share price, is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers form Ohio University used a detabase that covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearance s by directors under the age of 70. They found that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increases by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping of f a sinking ship. Often they “trade up,” leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believethat outside directors hav an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outsidedirectors through tough time may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to paragraph 1, Ms.Simmons was criticized for____[A]. gaining exccssive profits[B]. failing to fulfill her duty[C]. refusing to make compromises[D]. leaving the board in tough times22. we learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be _____[A]. generous investors[B]. unbiased executives[C]. share price forcasters[D]. independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University, after an outside director’s su rpprise departure, the firm is likely to ____[A]. become more stable[B]. report increased eanings[C]. do less well in the stock market[D]. perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors____[A]. may stay for the attracive offers from the firm[B]. have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]. are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]. will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside direc tors is _____[A]. permissive[B]. positive[C]. scornful[D]. criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspapers? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade Commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is little sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled corner of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit . Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, But profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products, Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for manyjournalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008 , according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development(OECD). In japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable .The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody , but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspapers are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Neaspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26.By saying “Newspapers like…their own doom”(Lines 3-4,Para,1),the author indicates that newspapers_________.[A]. neglected the sign of crisis[B]. failed to ger state subsidies[C]. were not charitable corporations[D]. were in a desperate situation27.Some newspapers refused delivery to distant distant suburbs probably because______[A] readers theatened to pay less[B] newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C] journalists reported little about these areas[D] subscribers complained adout slimmer productspared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable beeccause they_____[A] have more sources of revenue[B] have more balanced newsrooms[C] are less dependent on advertising[D] are less affected by readership29.What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspapers.[C]Foreign bureans play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30.The most appropriate title for this text would be_________.[A] American Newspapers : Struggling for Survival[B] American Newspapers : Gone with the Wind[C] American Newspapers : A Thriving Business[D] American Newspapers : A Hopeless StoryText3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth,with soldiers returning home by the millions,going off to college on the G.I,Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses,it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more.During the Depression and the was,Americans had learned to live with less,and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future,made small,efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living.The phrase “less is more”was actually first popularized by a German,the architect Ludwig Mies wan der Rohe, who like other people associate with the Bauhaus,a school of design,emigrated to the United States before a World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools.These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture,but none more so than Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properl y organized.has more impact tha a lot,Elegance,he believed,did not derive from abundance.Like other modern architects,he employed metal,glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future.Mies’s sop histicated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient,rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive,for example,were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet- than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast.But they were popular because of their airy glass walls,the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’details and proportions,the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign.In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet –than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses”commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more ”trend.Aesthetic effect came f rom the landscape,new materials and forthright detailing.In his Case Study House,Ralph Rapson may have mispredicted juse how the mechanical revolution would impact everday life- few American families acquired helicopters,though most eventually got clothes dryers-but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31.The postwar American housing style largele reflected the Americans’______.[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32.Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3about the Bauhaus?[A] It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B] Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C] Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D] It had a great influence upon American architecture.33.Mies held that elegance of architectural design______.[A] was related to large space.[B] was identified with emptiness.[C] was not reliant on abundant decoration.[D] was not associated with efficiency.34.What is true about the apartments Mies built on Chicago’sLake Shore Dnve?[A] They ignored details and proportions.[B] They were built with materials popular at that time.[C] They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D] They shared some characteristics of abstrct art.35.What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study Houses”?[A] Mechanical devices were taken widely used.[B] Natural scenes were taken into consideration.[C] Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D] Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greates cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU faces an acute crisis in its cconomic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency, Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s cconomies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck, It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the neesd for greater harmonisation within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonise .Gerermany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrowing, spending and competitiveness,backed by quasi-automatic sanetions for governments that do not obey. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects, and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour, in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern” camp headed by France wants something different:”European economic government” within an inner core of curo-zone members. Translated,that means politicicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the French government have murmured, euro-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonisation:e.g.,curbing competiton in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU, It remains the world’s largest trading block, At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalisation, and make capitalism benign.36．The EU is faced with so many problems that ______.[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37．The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant powers_______.[A] are competing for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D]disagree on the steps towards disintegration38．To solve the euro problem，Germany proposed that_________.[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39．The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that________.[A] poor countries are more likely to get funds[B] strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries,[C] loans will be readily available to rich countries[D] rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40．Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel________.[A] pessimistic[B] desperate[C] conceited[D] hopefulPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding inforrnation from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column,there are two exera choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points) Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government's role in promoting public health by demanding that ministers impose "fat taxes" on unheathy food and introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor diet.The demands follow comments made last week by the health secretary, Andrew Lansley, who insisted the government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations.But senior medical figures want to stop frst-food outlets opening near Schools, restrict advertising of products high in fat, salt or sugar, and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers such an McDonald's.They argue that government aciion is necessary to curh Britain's addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity , diabetes and heart disease Professor Terence Stephenson, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just an damaging as somking or excessive drinking."Thirty years ago, it would have been inconceivable to have imagined a ban on smoking in46. Direction:In this section there is a test in English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.(15points)Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the world’s a irlines do-roughly 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2, depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centers round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centers need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much more to be done, and not just by big companies.SectionIV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university. write him/her a letter to(1)congratulate him/her,and(2)give him /her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the of letter , Use “ Zhang Wei ” insteadDo not write the address .(10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart.In you writing,you should(1)interpret the chart and(2)give your comments.You should write at least 150 words.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)完型填空:A CB D DB AC C BD B A C AA D A C D阅读理解A部分:BDCADDBCAACDCDBBCBAD阅读理解B部分:EDCBG翻译:有谁能想到全球信息产业所排放的温室气体竟然会和航空工业排放的一样高？约占二氧化碳排放总量的2％。
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2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考综合能力一、问题求解：第1~15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的A 、B 、C 、D 、E五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡．．．上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1．已知船在静水中的速度为28km/h ，河水的流速为2 km/h ．则此船在相距78km 的两地间往返一次所需时间是（A ）5.9h（B ）5.6h （C ）5.4h（D ）4.4h （E ）4h2．若实数a,b,c 满足，则abc= （A ）—4（B ）（C ） （D ）（E ）33．某年级60名学生中，有30人参加合唱团、45人参加运动队，其中参加合唱团而未参加运动队的有8人，则参加运动队而未参加合唱团的有（A ）15人（B ）22人 （C ）23人（D ）30人 （E ）37人4．现有一个半径为R 的球体，拟用刨床将其加工成正方体，则能加工成的最大正方体的体积是（A ） （B ）（C ） （D ） 23(54)0a c --=53-43-45383R 39R 343R 313R1（E ）5．2007年，某市的全年研究与试验发展（R &D ）经费支出300亿元，比2006年增长20%，该市的GDP 为10000亿元，比2006年增长10%。
2006年，该市的R &D 经费支出占当年GDP 的（A ）1.75%（B ）2% （C ）2.5%（D ）2.75% （E ）3%6．现从5名管理专业、4名经济专业和1名财会专业的学生中随机派出一个3人小组，则该小组中3个专业各有1名学生的概率为（A ）12（B ）13 （C ）14（D ）15（E ）167．一所四年制大学每年的毕业生七月份离校，新生九月份入学。
该校2001年招生2000名，之后每年比上一年多招200名，则该校2007年九月底的在校学生有（A ）14000名（B ）11600名 （C ）9000名（D ）6200名 （E ）3200名8．将2个红球与1个白球随机地放入甲、乙、丙三个盒子中，则乙盒中至少有1个红球的概率为（A ）19（B ）827 （C ）49 （D ）59（E ）172739R29．如图1，四边形ABCD 是边长为1的正方形，弧AOB,BOC,COD,DOA 均为半圆，则阴影部分的面积为（A ）12 （B ）π2（C ）π1-4（D ）π-12 （E ）π2-210．3个3口之家一起观看演出，他们购买了同一排的9张连座票，则每一家的人都坐在一起的不同做坐有（A ）()23!种（B ）()33!种 （C ）()333!种（D ）()43!种 （E ）9!种11．设P 是圆222x y +=上的一点，该圆在点P 的切线平行于直线x+y+2=0，则点P 的坐标为（A ）（-1，1）（B ）（1，-1） （C ）（0）（D ）0） （E ）（1，1）12．设a ，b ，c 是小于12的三个不同的质数（素数）．且 ，则a+b+c= （A ）10（B ）12 （C ）14（D ）15（E ）1913．在年底的献爱心活动中，某单位共有100人参加捐款.经统计，捐款总额是19000元，个人捐款数额有100元、500元和2000元三种，该单位捐款500元的人数为（A ）13（B ）18 （C ）25（D ）30 （E ）38a-b b-c c-a 8++=314．某施工队承担了开凿一条长为2400m 隧道的工程，在掘进了400m 后，由于改进了施工工艺，每天比原计划多掘进2m ，最后提前50天完成了施工任务，原计划施工工期是（A ）200天 （B ）240天（C ）250天（D ）300天 （E ）350天15．已知 ，则 = （A ）（B ） （C ）（D ） （E ）二、条件充分性判断：第16~25小题，每小题3分，共30分。
要求判断每题给出的条件（1）和条件（2）能否定充分支持提干所陈述的结论。
A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项为判断结果，请选择一项符合试题要求的判断，在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
（A ）条件（1）充分，但条件（2）不充分．（B ）条件（2）充分，但条件（1）不充分．（C ）条件（1）和（2）单独都不充分，但条件（1）和条件（2）联合起来充分． （D ）条件（1）充分，条件（2）也充分．（E ）条件（1）和（2）单独都不充分，条件（1）和条件（2）联合起来也不充分．16．实数a,b,c 成等差数列．（1） 成等比数列．（2）lna,lnb,lnc 成等差数列．22x y 9xy 4+==，33x y x y x+y +++121516113114,,a b ce e e417．在一次英语考试中，某班的及格率为80%．（1）男生及格率70%，女生及格率为90%．（2）男生的平均分与女生的平均分相等．18．如图2，等腰梯形的上底与腰均为x ，下底为x+10.则x=13．（1）该梯形的上低与下底之比为13:23．（2）该梯形的面积为216．19．现有3名男生和2名女生参加面试. 则面试的排序法有24钟．（1）第一位面试的是女生． （2）第二位面试的是指定的某位男生．20．已知三角形ABC 的三条边长分别为a ，b ，c.则三角形ABC 是等腰直角三角形．（1）(a-b)( 2c -2a -2b )=0．（2）b ．21．直线ax+by+3=0被圆 =4截得的线段长度为（1）a=0，b= -1．（2）a= -1，b=0．22．已知实数a ，b ，c ，d 满足2a +2b =1，2c +2d =1．则 <1．（1）直线ax+by=1与cx+dy=1仅有一个交点．（2）a ≠c ，b ≠d ．22x-2+y-1（）（）ac bd +523．某年纪共有8个班，在一次年级考试中，共21名学生不及格，每班不及格的学生最多有3名，则（一）班至少有1名学生不及格．（1）（二）班的不及格人数多于（三）班．（2）（四）班不及格的学生有2名．24．现有一批文字材料需要打印，两台新型打印机单独完成此任务分别需要4小时与5小时，两台旧型打印机单独完成此任务分别需要9小时与11小时。
则能在2.5小时内完成此任务．（1）安排两台新型打印机同时打印．（2）安排一台新型打印机与两台旧型打印机同时打印．25．已知{}n a 为等差数列，则该数列的公差为零． （1）对任何正整数n ，都有 ．（2） ．三、逻辑推理：第26~55小题，每小题2分，共60分。
下列每题给出的A 、B 、C 、D 、E五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡．．．上将所选项的字母涂黑。
26．巴斯德认为，空气中的微生物浓度与环境状况、气流运动和海拔高度有关。
他在山上的不同高度分别打开装着煮过的培养液的瓶子，发现海拔越高，培养液被微生物污染的可能性越小。
在山顶上，20个装了培养液的瓶子，只有1个长出了微生物。
普歇另用干草浸液做材料重复了巴斯德的实验，却得出不同的结果：即使在海拔很高的地方，所有装了培养液的瓶子都很快长出了微生物。
以下哪项如果为真，最能解释普歇和巴斯德实验所得到的不同结果？(A) 只要有氧气的刺激，微生物就会从培养液中自发地生长出来。
(B) 培养液在加热消毒、密封、冷却的过程中会被外界细菌污染。
(C) 普歇和巴斯德的实验设计都不够严密。
(D) 干草浸液中含有一种耐高温的枯草杆菌，培养液一旦冷却，枯草杆菌的孢子就会复活，迅速繁殖。
(E) 普歇和巴斯德都认为，虽然他们用的实验材料不同，但是经过煮沸，细菌都能被有效地杀死。
21a a ≥12........n a a a n ++≤27．张教授的所有初中同学都不是博士；通过张教授而认识其哲学研究所同事的都是博士；张教授的一个初中同学通过张教授认识了王研究员。
以下哪项能作为结论从上述断定中推出？(A)王研究员是张教授的哲学研究所同事。
(B)王研究员不是张教授的哲学研究所同事。
(C)王研究员是博士。
(D)王研究员不是博士。
(E)王研究员不是张教授的初中同学。
28．一般将缅甸所产的经过风化或经河水搬运至河谷、河床中的翡翠大砾石，称为“老坑玉”。
老坑玉的特点是“水头好”、质坚、透明度高，其上品透明如玻璃，故称“玻璃种”或“冰种”。
同为老坑玉，其质量相对也有高低之分，有的透明度高一些，有的透明度稍差些，所以价值也有差别。
在其他条件都相同的情况下，透明度高的老坑玉比透明度较其低的单位价值高，但是开采的实践告诉人们，没有单位价值最高的老坑玉。
以上陈述如果为真，可以得出以下哪项结论？(A)没有透明度最高的老坑玉。
(B)透明度高的老坑玉未必“水头好”。
(C)“新坑玉”中也有质量很好的翡翠。
(D)老坑玉的单位价值还决定于其加工的质量。
(E)随着年代的增加，老坑玉的单位价值会越来越高。
29．某教育专家认为：“男孩危机”是指男孩调皮捣蛋、胆小怕事、学习成绩不如女孩好等现象。
近些年，这种现象已经成为儿童教育专家关注的一个重要问题。
这位专家在列出一系列统计数据后，提出了“今日男孩为什么从小学、中学到大学全面落后于同年龄段的女孩”的疑问，这无疑加剧了无数男生家长的焦虑。
该专家通过分析指出，恰恰是家庭和学校不适当的教育方法导致了“男孩危机”现象。
以下哪项如果为真，最能对该专家的观点提出质疑？(A)家庭对独生子女的过度呵护，在很大程度上限制了男孩发散思维的拓展和冒险性格的养成。
(B)现在的男孩比以前的男孩在女孩面前更喜欢表现出“绅士”的一面。
(C)男孩在发展潜能方面要优于女孩，大学毕业后他们更容易在事业上有所成就。
6(D)在家庭、学校教育中，女性充当了主要角色。
(E)现代社会游戏泛滥，男孩天性比女孩更喜欢游戏，这耗去了他们大量的精力。
30．抚仙湖虫是泥盆纪澄江动物群中特有的一种，属于真节肢动物中比较原始的类型，成虫体长10厘米，有31个体节，外骨骼分为头、胸、腹三部分，它的背、腹分节数目不一致。
泥盆纪直虾是现代昆虫的祖先，抚仙湖虫化石与直虾类化石类似，这间接表明了抚仙湖虫是昆虫的远祖。
研究者还发现，抚仙湖虫的消化道充满泥沙，这表明它是食泥的动物。
以下除哪项外．．．．，均能支持上述论证？(A)昆虫的远祖也有不食泥的生物。
(B)泥盆纪直虾的外骨骼分为头、胸、腹三部分。
(C)凡是与泥盆纪直虾类似的生物都是昆虫的远祖。
(D)昆虫是由真节肢动物中比较原始的生物进化而来的。
(E)抚仙湖虫消化道中的泥沙不是在化石形成过程中由外界渗透进去的。
31．2010年某省物价总水平上涨2.4%，涨势比较温和，涨幅甚至比2009年回落了0.6个百分点。
可是，普通民众觉得物价涨幅较高，一些统计数据也表明，民众的感觉有据可依。
2010年某月的统计报告显示，该月禽蛋类商品价格涨幅达12.3%，某些反季节蔬菜涨幅甚至超过20%。