最新人教版八年级英语下册第三单元知识讲解及练习

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?【单元话题】

1. 学习向别人提出请求的礼貌语言.

2. 学习如何争得别人的允许或许可.

3. 能写出一篇短信, 要求你的朋友或家人当你不在时为你所做的事情. 【重要句型概览】

1. Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.

2. Could you please do the dishes?

Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homewor k.

3. Could I please go to the movies? Yes, you can.

4. Could I please use the car? No, you can’t. I have to go out.

【重要词组概览】

do the dishes

sweep the floor

take out the trash

fold your clothes

clean the living room

do chores

get a ride

have to do sth.

forget to do sth.

do the laundry

hate to do (doing) sth.

like to do (doing) sth.

make dinner

make your bed

invite sb to a place

take sb. for a walk

play with sb.

give sb sth.=give sth to sb

take care of= look after

【语法聚焦】

表示请求、允许、许可

表示允许时用can, could, may, might表达。它们没有时态上的差别，只是could 比can, might比may语气上要客气。（用can或could表示“许可”，虽然很普通，但在正式、庄重的场合用may。）

例如：

●A: Could I borrow your dictionary?劳驾，我可以借你的字典用用吗？

B: Yes, of course (you can).当然可以。

●Can表示“允许、许可”时，和may的意思相近，即can=may.

此时的否定式是can’t (=must not)

●Could/Can you please tell me how to get to the post office?

劳驾，您能告诉我怎么去邮局吗？

●Mr Li asked me whether I could go with him.李先生问我是否可以和他一起去。(此句中的could不能用can代替。)

表示请求时还可以用句型：Will/Would you …? 请（为我）……好吗？

该句型用于请求对方做某事。Would you…?比较客气。语气比Will you…?要委婉。

例如：

●Will you pass me the spoon? 请把勺子递给我好吗？

●Would you lend me your dictionary? 请借你的词典用一下好吗？

答句为：

Yes, I will.是的，可以。

Sure.当然了。

All right.好啊。

Certainly.当然可以。

Yes, please.好的，可以。

No, I won’t. 不，不行。

I’m sorry. I can’t.对不起，不行。

No, thank you. 不了，谢谢。

●Shall I …? 我要…吗？

Shall we…? 我们一起…好吗？

Shall we…? 与Let’s…. 意思上很相近。

Shall I carry it for you? 我来帮你搬它好吗？

Yes, please./ Yes, thank you.好吧。/好吧，谢谢。

Shall we sing a song?我们唱一支歌好吗？

No, let’s not. 不，别唱了。

【能力测试】

一. 选择填空

1. A: Could you please sweep the floor?

B: _______. I have to do my homework.

A. Yes, sure.

B. Why not?

C. Sorry, you can’t

D. Sorry, I can’t

2. A: Could you please buy _______ drinks and snacks?

B: Sorry. I don’t have _______ money.

A. some, any

B. any, any

C. some, some

D. any, some

3. Nancy, thanks for _________ care of my goldfish.

A. take

B. takes

C. taking

D. took

4. We’ll have _____________ to do in English class.

A. something different

B. different something

C. anything different

D. different anything

5. This shirt is a little ___________ than that one.

A. cheap

B. Cheaper

C. the cheapest

D. cheapest

6. A: Could I please ___________________?

B: Sorry, you can’t. Your father has to use it.

A. do chores

B. go to the movies

C. use the car

D. go to school