初中语法——形容词副词专题

形容词副词专题
【知识梳理】
一•形容词主要放在名词前面修饰名词或放在不定代词后面修饰不定代词。

如:a beautiful country, something important
注意以下几点：
1. 有些形容词不能修饰名词。

如：
alive活着的，asleep睡着的，alone单独的，______ 醒着的， ______ 害怕的， _______ 生病的2. 以-ing结尾的形容词一般修饰表示事物的名词，主语通常为物；以-ed结尾的形容词多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人。

例如：
This is an ____________ （有趣的）book. We ar ___________ （感兴趣的）in it.
3. 作宾语补足语。

如：make me strong, keep the door ____________ （关闭着）
4. 某些形容词前加the,表示-一类人或—民族II,表示复数。

如：
The old（老人）, _________ （穷人）
二•副词的位置
1. 多数副词做状语时放在动词之后。

如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。

例如：
She speaks En glish well.她英语讲得好。

Mr. Smith _________________________ .史密斯先生努力工作。

2. 频率副词做状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。

例如：
I have n ever heard him si ng.我从未听过他唱歌。

He ___________________________________ early.他通常早起。

She _________________________________ for school.她经常上学迟至叽
3. 成都副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面。

例如：
He drives _____________________________________ .他开车很小心。

注意：enough做副词用是，放在形容词副词的后面；做形容词用时，则放在名词的前面。

如：
___________________________ 够新鲜，____________________________ 足够的水
对点精练:
三•易混词辨析
)1. His gran dpare nts live in a small house, but they don 't feel
A. l on ely; alone
B. alone Ion ely
C. lo nely; Io nely
D. alone; alone
)2. It was a day and she felt very
A. tiring; tired
B. tiring; tiring
C. tired; tiri ng
D. tired; tired
)3. What n ews it is! Nobody it.
A. a surpris ing; believes
C. a surprised; believe B. surpris ing; believes
D. surprised; believe
( )4. —Who will teach ______ oral En glish n ext term? Can it be a new teacher?
—Perhaps. But our head teacher hasn ' t told us _______ .
A. your; already
B. you; yet
C. you; already
D. your; yet
( )5. — _______ is it from your home to the school?
—About ten minu tes ' walk.
A. How far
B. How long
C. How often
D. How soon
)6. He said he would come to see us the n ext after noon.
A. sometime
B. some time
C. sometimes
D. some times
)7. This movie was .He ddn 't fall asleep all ni ght.
A. in terest ing eno ugh
B. eno ugh in terest ing
C. in terested eno ugh
D. eno ugh in terested
)8. —The meat is delicious.
—Yes, but don ' t eat
A. too much; too much
B. much too; too much
C. too much; much too
D. much too; much too
)9. He works and feels every day.
A. hard; happy
B. hardly; happily
C. hard; happily
D. hardly; un happily
)10. After the earthquake, we heard of lots of stories, and all of us were deeply
A. moving; moved
B. moving; moving
C. moved; moving
D. moved; moved
四.重点句型:
五•形容词、畐I」词的比较级、最高级的构成和用法:
1.
2）不规则变化：两多，两好，两坏病，一少，一老，远距离
2.用法 （1） 用原级
a. 形容词和副词钱又 —very, quite, rather, too, so, 0等词修饰。

如 The car is much too expe nsive 这辆车太昂贵。

He spoke very lowly.他讲得很慢。

b. 表示程度相等，用一as …a 和…一样）；表示程度不相等，用一not so （as ） •和as 不一样）。

例如： This box is as big as mine 这个盒子和我的一样大。

She doesn ' t run ________________________ （和…一样快）he （does ）. （2） 用比较级和最高级
a.两个人或两种食物相比较时，用比较级：
The boys in her class are __________ （高）tha n those in your class. 注意：①比较级前可用 a lot, much, a bit, a little, eve n, far 等修饰
His En glish is much ______________ （好）tha n mi ne. ② 两者进行比较时，比较对象要相同
The climate in Beijing is ____________________ （比…的天气冷）in Guangdong.
专练：写出下列形容词 或副词的比较级和最高级 I. fast ___________ ____ zy __________ ___ 5. _____________ fine _ _______________ 7.good __________ __ 9. __________________ u seful _______________ _ II. little ____________ _ 13. _______________ qui ckly _______________ 15. _________________ b usy _______________ _ 17.old ____________ _ 19. _________________ f ew _______________ _ 2. _________________ h ot ________________ _ 4. _________________ y oung ______________ _ 6. __________________ e arly ______________ _ 8.ill ____________ ___ 10. ________________ f at ___________________ 12. ________________ f amous _____________ 14. ________________ m any _______________ 16. _________________ b ad __________________
③the+比较级，表示—5者中较•••的那个II。

She is the older年龄最大)of the two girls.
④_____________________________________________________________ —形容词比较级+and+同
一形容词比较级I,,或more and more+形容词(多音节词)表示―越来越…,如：hotter and hotter越来越热， _________________________________________________________________ 越来越贵
⑤ _______________ 一the形容词/副词比较级……，the+形容词/副词比较级……I表示—越……就
越……, __________ you study, ________________ you know.你学习月努力，懂得越
多。

b.三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较时，用最高级。

Shan ghai is one of ____________________ (最大)cities in China.
注意：①形容词最高级前要加the (有形容词物主代词时不用the)；副词最高级前可加可不加
the。

例如：This is _________________________ (我最高兴的)day.
He liste ned to the teacher 最留心)。

②形容词前有序数词，用最高级。

The Yellow River is _______________________ 第二长)river in Chi na.
③最高级的句型中，通常有一个表示范围的短语。

In表示环境范围，in后的名词和主语不是同一概念范
畴；of、among表示对象范围，其后的名词与主语时同一概念范畴。

He is the tallest in his class.
He is the thinnest of/among the boys.
专练：用括号内所给词的形容词或副词填空。

①Rai ny days make me _____ .(sad)
②His face turned ________ (pale) whe n he saw the report.
③Liste n to me __________ (careful). The n you will find it ________ (easy) to do it by yourself.
④The fish smells _______ (bad). You should throw it to the dustb in as _____ (quick) as possible.
⑤The cloth looks _______________ (beautiful) and feels ____________ (smooth).
⑥We should keep our hands ________ (ope n) and eyes _________ (close).
⑦The moon cake tastes ______ (sweet). But the price sounds too _______________ (expe nsive)
⑧It ' s getting ____________ (dark). You can ' t walk home __________ (slow).
真题链接
1. The Changjiang River is the _____ river in China.
A. l ong
B. l on gest
C. short
D. shortest
2. —How are you feeli ng today?
—Much ______ 」can go to school n ext week.
A. good
B. better
C. best
3. —Steve is good at writ ing short stories.
—So he is. But he writes _______ tha n us. So he can
A. most carefully
B. more carefully
C. less carefully
4. —Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titannic last night?
—No, I ________ go to the cin ema . The tickets are too expe nsive
A.hardly
B. nearly
C. still
5. Eightee n kids died in the school bus accide nt in Gansu Provin ce. It heard of.
6. —What do you thi nk of the film So You ngdirected by Zhao Wei?
s ____ than the other filmsuaiodnitece nt years.
D. well
t get good grades in writi ng.
D. least carefully
D. On ly
one that I hav'ever
A. a very serious
B. a more serious
C. the most serious
D. the least serious —Won derful. I thi nk it
A. the best
B. the worst
C. much better
D. much worse
7. Take care whe n you are driv ing, __ in a summer storm like this.
A. immediately
B. especially
C. probably
D. rece ntly
8. The final exam is very importa nt. We must treat it ______ .
10. Li La won the first place in the final tennis game. Nobody else played __________ ! （2011 年
佛山） A. well
B. better
C. best
11. She prefers football because she thi nk it _________ ' ______ among all sports. （2012年佛 山）
A. i nteresti ng
B. more in terest ing
C. the most in terest ing
12. People care a lot about food safety, for they want to eat _____ . （2013 年佛山） A. health
B. healthy
C. healthily
13. The teacher is wise eno ugh to expla in the most difficult questio ns in __ way. （2014 年佛山） A. simple
B. simpler
C. the simplest
A.serious
B.seriously
9. Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project. I _____ people. （2015 广东）
A.l ess less
B.fewer more
C. careless
D.carelessly
' m sure he can do the work with _____ moi
C.more fewer D 」ess fewer
课后作业：、单项选择
(
) 1. The teacher is wise enough to explain the most difficult questions
in_
______ way.
A. simple
B. simpler
C. the simplest
D.the simpler
() 2. The dining hall is _ ____ to hold 300 people.
A. enough big
B. enough small
C. small enough
D. big enough
(
) 3. —Who is
__________________ Tom, Jim or David? — I think Jim is.
A. stronger
B. the stronger
C. strongest
D. the strongest
() 4. —What' s wrong with you today? —I am quite
upset.
—Cheer up! The more you smile, the ______ you will feel.
A. happy
B. happier
C. happily
D. more happily
(
) 5. Is this kind of
pet__ _____ a pet dog these days?
A. as trendy as
B. m ore trendier than
C. much trendy than
D. n ot so trendier as
() 6. —Do you like this movie?
—Yes, it ' s the 1 ;
______ one I
' ve ever seen.
A. better
B. best
C. good
D. well
( ) 7. Mo Yan is one of _____ writers in the world.
A. famous
B. more famous
C. most famous
D. the most famous ( ) 8. —How __________ will the boss be back? —In these days.
A. far
B. soon
C. long
D. often
( ) 9. The old town of Lijiang is _______ with tourists for its beautiful old buildings.
A. popular
B. famous
C. special
D. different
( ) 10. I have prepared all the things we nede .So you don ' t need to be ____________ that.
A. afraid of
B. sorry for
C. worried about
D.worry of
( )11. I ' m surprised that John is only 25.I thought he was __________ ,for he seems to be in his thirties.
( )12. My old n eighbor Charles felt ______ after his childre n moved out.
A. Io nely
B. safely
C. an grily
D. happily
( )13. Jin drives _______ than Tom.
A. old
B. older
C. young
D. younger
A. carefully
B. more carefully
C. more careful
( )14. Li Hua studies En glish very ______ and her En glish is ______ in her class.
A. careful ；good
B. carefully ；well
C. careful ; best
D. carefully ; the best
( )15. —Is Ti na an outgo ing girl ?
—No, she ' s kind of ______ . Her face always turns red when she speaks in public.
A. shy
B. active
C. relaxed
D. funny
( )16. Mr. Li asks us to remember that _____ careful we are , ______ mistakes we will make
A. the more ；the fewer
B. the fewer ；the more
C. the more ；the more
D. the less ；the fewer
( )17. —A number of volunteers are willing to teach in China ' s rural areas —Yes, the nu mber is gett ing
A. big and big
B. larger and larger
C. much and much
D. more and more
( )18. More and more people have a low-C life and the air is gett ing much ________ t han a few years ago.
A. clea n
B. clea nest
C. clea ner
D. the clea nest ( )19. Linda felt very after the long way , so she stopped to have a rest
A. surprised
B. shy
C. tired
D. excited
( )20.The world 's populati on is grow ing and there is land and water for grow ing rice.
A.mores; less
B. larger; fewer
C. larger; less
D. more; fewer
、短文填空
Last Tuesday, Mrs Smith took her two little daughters to tow n 1 ________ her car. It bega n to rain 2 __________ . So she decided to 3 __________ the childre n in the car. She told the girls she would be back soon. Then she 4 __________ a ll the doors and walked quickly into the shop.
She retur ned to the car in less tha n a quarter, but there were not any girls in the car. She could
5 ___________ b elieve her eyes. The car doors and win dows were
6 __________ well.
7 _________ terrible she felt! She rushed up to an old man n earby and asked
8 __________ he had see n two
small girls, but he said —No II . Suddenly she heard a laugh from the back of the car. She ran to the
and ope ned the trunk. Oh, dear! Her daughters were 9 __________ . With tears in her
10 __________ , she took them out.
Jim ' s father bought him a nqaen. But he lost it on his 1 ________ to school this morning.
Whe n he went into his classroom, he 2 ________ a red pen lying on the floor. He 3 _________ it
up at once and thought, ——I may use it 4 _____________ I find mine. I ' ll tell ndrtjody. II 5 .
The scie nee teacher, Miss Gree n came in whe n the bell rang. Jim clearly saw a pen in her hand.
Jim stood up and said, — That' s my pen. II
—Well, Jim, you should say 6 __________to Susa n. She found your pen on the street and gave it
to me as 7 ________ as she got to school. But you know, she 8 ___________ her own pen
yesterday after school. It ' s a red pen. II Jim ' s face 9 _____________ red, even 10 __________ pen in his pocket.
三、读写任务
A.信息归纳
请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，完成下面表格。

On the after noon of October 13th, 2011 in Fosha n, a twoyearold baby girl was playi ng in
the street while her parents were busy working at their shop.But unfortunately, a truck went by and kno cked in to this poor girl.What's worse, without stopp ing to help the girl, the truck went over her, making this poor girl badly hurt .In the n ext 7 minu tes, ano ther truck went over her, and 18 passersby just walked past
without tak ing no tice of the poor baby.At last, this girl was saved by an old woma n who collected waste in the streets, but uni uckily the baby girl was so badly hurt that she died at last.
This eve nt aroused harsh criticism 引丨起强烈批判)on the Intern et.But why do people seem so kindhearted only on the Internet, but actually in the daily life we can hardly see them help each other? Lots of people made comme nts on li ne: If you save some one who's hurt, he may say it's you who hurt him.You may have trouble whe n you do a good deed, because the law does n't protect you.
We really need to learn from other countries in such cases.For example, in Singapore, if some one does wrong to the one who helps him, he has to say sorry in public and pay 3 times the medical fee as puni shme nt.
中国自古是礼仪之邦，乐于助人是我们的传统美德。

工作、学习和生活中的互帮互助能使我们感觉到温暖，使我们彼此都能更轻松地面对人生的各种难题。

请以—帮助他人为主
题写一篇短文，内容包括：
1. 用一两句话简单表达你对这件事的看法。

2. 讲述一个你帮助别人或受到帮助的故事。

3. 帮助人或被帮助后的感受是什么？
作文要求：
1. 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名。

2. 语句连贯，词数80个左右。