综合学术英语教程练习答案

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Unit Two

Task1Familiarizing Yourself with Classif ication 1.Skim the f ollowing passage f or the answ ers to the questions below.

1) Man-made or anthropogenic causes, and natural causes.

2) Pollution (burning fossil fuels, mining coal and oil, etc.), the production of CO

2 ( the

increase of

population, the demolition of trees, etc.)

3) CO

2

is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.

4) Classif ication helps us to determine and understand the relationship of the parts of

a subject which is studied by us. Classification is made on the basis of a clear definition.

5) In order to make a clear and logic classification, one needs to follow a principle of

classification and go on with a system consistently. For example, the categories of

classification should be mutually exclusive and no overlapping is allowed.

Reading1Causes for Global Warming

Task2Understanding Lectures through Classif ication

Listening1

1.Listening to the lectur e and write down wha tev er y ou believ e is impor tant, especially the

classif ica tions of key terms.

Unconscious motivation, unconscious conflict, the id, the ego, the superego, etc.

e y our notes.D ecide if the sta tements below ar e true(T)or false(F).Then justify y our

answ ers,in the space pr ovided,b y giving evidence fr om the talk.

1) T 2) F 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F

3.Listen again,paying a ttention to the f ollowing classif ica tions and then complete the tables below.

Idea One: The existence of an unconscious motivation

Idea Two: The notion of unconscious dynamics or conflict

4.Listen again and piece y our notes together into a shor t summar y.Then r etell the lectur e to y our

par tner.

There are two interesting ideas in Freud’s theory: first, the existence of unconscious motivation; second, the concept of unconscious conflict. Freud believes that unconscious motivation might play an important role in a lot of situations, such as marriage, forgetting a person’s name, calling out the wrong name etc. In his view, there are three processes going on in the head, namely, id, ego and superego, which are in violent internal conflict. Id functions on“the Pleasure Principle”, while ego works on “the Reality Principle”and superego is the internalized rules of a society. Ego is in between id and superego.

Task3Reading Classif ication Articles

Reading2Renewable Energy Sources—A Brief Summary

1.W ork with a par tner or a gr oup of 3—4 students.Study the title and phr ases in bold of Reading 2and discuss the f ollowing questions.

1) Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as

sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable (naturally

replenished).

2) □√T he purpose of using renewable energy sources.

□√T he classification of renewable energy sources.

□√T he examples of different types of renewable energy sources.

□√T he advantages and disadvantages of various types of renewable energy

sources.

□√T he history of the use of different energy sources.

□How energy is obtained from various sources.

3) I will write:

(1) The definition of the renewable energy.

(2) The classification of the renewable energy.

(3) The advantages and the disadvantages of various types of renewable energy

sources.

2.Read the f ollowing questions and scan Reading2f or their answ ers.

1) The signing of the Kyoto Treaty.

2) It converts the sun’s rays into energy.

3) The main demerit is that it is limited.

4) Sailors, farmers and architects.

5) The main advantage is that this doesn’t produce any by-products that can be

harmful to the environment.

6) Because the Earth’s crust continuously decays replenishing the heat.

7) They use the force of the water to push the turbine which in turn

powers a generator thus generating electricity.

8) It poses a problem for fish and aquatic plants on both sides of the dam.

9) They contain no petroleum, and they are nontoxic and biodegradable.

10) The Environmental Protection Agency.

3.Ma tch the tar get wor ds with the de f initions below.Y ou may inf er their meaning

fr om context.