旅游英语unit4
高教版ESAP旅游英语教程-电子教案Unit4
4.1 Vocabulary
B Complete the instructions for using the Learning Resource Centre with words or phrases from box a.
4.1 Vocabulary B Complete the instructions for using the Learning
4.1 Vocabulary C Study the abbreviations in box b and box c.
3 What does each abbreviation mean?
4 Read Career update and Tourism Abbreviations
on the opposite page. Check your ideas. 5 How do you say each of the abbreviations?
/eis/ /'æntɔ: (r)/
/'bætəu/ /'i:tuə/ /'naitə/ /'vistə/
Vocabulary bank
Understanding abbreviations and acronyms
An abbreviation is a shorter version of something. For example, PC /pi:si:/
QA
quality assurance
T&T tourism and travel
TIC/P tourism information centre/point
VAT value added tax
4.1 Vocabulary D Study the acronyms in box d.
旅游情境英语 Unit 4 Sightseeing at the Destination
Unit 4 Sightseeing at the Destination
10. You’ll almost have to pay a little extra for the ___ of exchanging one currency for another.
Task 2 Brainstorming Work in groups. Discuss with your classmates about the important points for sightseeing at the destination based on Task 1. ➢Local tour guide; ➢Coach driver; ➢Restaurants; ➢Transportation; ➢Shopping; ➢Entertainment; ➢Free activities; ➢Emergencies.
3. The tour leader should communicate with local guide and try to meet the group members’ ___ demands.
Unit 4 Sightseeing at the Destination
4. The ___ tours or additional activities not included in the original plan should be based on the will of tourists.
Unit 4 Sightseeing at the Destination
8. The tour leader is supposed to ___ some advice to the tourists about what to shop and how to shop.
旅游英语教程 (朱华主编)U04
Wang: It is hard to say. He is also regarded as a god by some Chinese. They offered sacrifices to him to pray for wealth. This custom continues to up to today.
Jane: I see. What is that figure? I don’t think he is a small potato. He has such big eyes.
Wang: He is Marshal Zhao, a God of Wealth. You see, some Jiaozis are also pasted on portraits of these deities.
Jane: I think New Year pictures are a history of Chinese folk customs. We can learn a lot from the New Year pictures. By the way, how do they paint the pictures?
New Year Pictures
Wang Jing takes Jane to walk around the old town of Wuzhen. Chinese New Year is around corner, and the colorful lanterns are found everywhere in the town. Wang: Now, we are walking around the old town of Wuzhen. It is an old town quite different from what you have seen in north of China. Jane: Yes, it is. I see a lot of pictures on the doors. Why are pictures pasted on the doors of every family?
旅游英语unit 4 Tour of Ancient Towns
Reading One
►Introduction
How to Guide the Tourists in the Scenic Spot
When the tour group arrives at the destination, visiting the scenic spot becomes the key point of the tour. The local guide should have a good preparation and arrangement, be patient and warmhearted to keep the visiting safe and smooth, let the tourists know about the character, the background, the status and the history of the scenic spot, and get ready to answer the questions that the tourists are interested in.
(4)导游要密切关注游客的动向。(keep an eye on) The tour guide should keep an eye on the movements of the tourists.
(5)我希望大家在这里玩得开心。(have a good time) I hope you’ll have a good time here.
Focus on the Topic
Pair work: Discuss the following questions with your partner. 1. As a local guide, what details should you notice before visiting? 2. Do you know any ancient towns in China? Can you list them? 3. Where does Pingyao Ancient City lie? What's your general
Unit 4三峡旅游英语
Notes:
兵书宝剑峡:兵书宝剑峡位于长江北岸, 因峭壁上有一叠层次分明的岩石,看似一堆厚 书,还有一根上粗下尖的石柱指向江中,酷似 一把宝剑,故得名。传说这里是诸葛亮存放兵 书和宝剑的地方。经过考古学家的实地考证, 所谓“兵书”,实为距今二千多年的古代悬棺, 各长 170 厘米,均由四大块木板组成,其一棺 两套,三棺重叠,外漆彩绘纹装饰,棺木中出 现的雕刻等均为我国考古史所罕见。它下面的 “宝剑”,只不过是一块崩落的绝壁上的突出 的岩块。
Translation: 滩险流急的西陵峡
西陵峡西起湖北秭归的香溪河口,东至湖北宜昌市的 南津关,全长66公里,这是三峡中最长的一个峡。西陵峡 又分为东西两个峡段,中间为长越31公里的庙南宽谷所分 隔,闻名中外的长江三峡工程就在这里横空出世,西段包 括兵书宝剑峡,牛肝马肺峡和崆岭峡,东段包括灯影峡和 黄猫峡。 西陵峡曾以滩多水急而著称。著名的新滩和崆岭滩均 在西陵峡内。历史上,许多船只在这里葬身洪涛。解放后, 经过多年的整治,航道已经得到了治理,尤其是葛州坝水 电工程的完工,结束了“三峡千古不夜航”的历史。今日 轮船行驶在峡里风平浪静,碧波荡漾,一切显得舒坦而又 轻逸。
滩多水急的西陵峡,遍布着许多令人神往的游 览胜地。光是那神奇莫测的石灰岩溶洞,镶珠嵌玉 般点缀在两岸幽深险峻的峭壁上,就足以叫万千游 人观赏不尽!其中较大而又著名的有石龙洞、黄颡 洞和三游洞等。洞洞景色各异,处处别有洞天,是 考察人文、地理的绝好场所。 三峡工程蓄水139米水位之后,著名景点兵书宝 剑峡和牛肝马肺峡的一些象形物钟乳石已全部沉入 江中,明清古镇小庄村也被拆成一片瓦砾而永沉江 底,似乎要抹掉三峡人心中美好的记忆。长江冲出 西陵峡东口的南津关,便是湖北的宜昌市,过宜昌 市就进入了汉江平原和楚文化的发祥地。
八年级上册英语unit4笔记
八年级上册英语Unit 4笔记一、主题介绍本次笔记的主题是八年级上册英语Unit 4,该单元主要内容包括旅行和交通相关的词汇及常用句型,通过学习本单元内容,可以帮助学生掌握在旅行或交通场景中的日常英语用语,提高学生的英语口语表达能力。
二、词汇积累1. travel (v.) - 旅行2. journey (n.) - 旅行3. destination (n.) - 目的地4. luggage (n.) - 行李5. customs (n.) - 海关6. ticket (n.) - 票7. boarding pass (n.) - 登机牌8. passport (n.) - 护照9. 本人rport (n.) - 机场10. 本人rplane (n.) - 飞机11. tr本人n (n.) - 火车12. bus (n.) - 公交车13. subway (n.) - 地铁14. taxi (n.) - 出租车15. traffic jam (n.) - 交通堵塞三、重点句型1. How long does it take to get to the 本人rport by taxi? - 乘出租车到机场要多久?2. What time does the tr本人n leave? - 火车什么时间开?3. Could you tell me where the nearest bus stop is? - 能告诉我最近的公交车站在哪吗?4. I’m afr本人d I’m going to miss my flight. - 很抱歉,我怕赶不上我的飞机了。
5. Is there a restaurant on the plane? - 飞机上有餐厅吗?四、实用表达1. 在旅行时,可以使用“Excuse me, where is the nearest bathroom?”(打扰一下,最近的洗手间在哪里?)来询问附近的厕所位置,以便在旅途中解决生理需求。
旅游英语第一册unit 4 At the Immigration Office
n.
物品
n.
财产,所有物
n.
违禁品,走私品
n.
货币
adj. 应纳关税的有税的
n.
关税
大连理工大学出版社
精品文档
Unit Four At the Immigration
Office
Vocabulary
Situational Dialogue
Dialogue Two
inspection itinerary reservation Customs Declaration Form Health Certificate
In the International Arrival Hall, tourist will go through the following formalities: 1. Sanitation Quarantine: If you are given a Health Card from the Quarantine Institute during the flight, please fill in the necessary information and hand it over to the Immigration Station for inspection. 2. Immigration Inspection: Please make sure your Disembarkation Card is filled in completely and then present it together with your passport to immigration officials for inspection. 3. Check-in Baggage Claim: After proceeding to the Baggage Claim Area, please go to the designated carrousel for your flight to claim your check- in baggage. Baggage carts are available at the Baggage Claim Area for your use. 4. Customs Formality: Please use the green channel (no declaration channel) if belongings your carried don’ t exceed your Duty Free Concession. Use the red channel (declaration channel) if they exceed the Duty Free Concession or if you are not sure. 5. Leaving the Airport: Taxis are available outside of the exit of the Domestic Arrival Hall.
旅游英语Unit 4 B
the people's democratic dictatorship led by the Communist Party of China. The organs through which the people exercise the state power are the National People's Congress and the local congresses at different levels. The National People's Congress is the legislative body which enacts all the important laws in China and supervises their execution. The State Council is the executive body of the highest
in the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, are well
protected by the law.
II. Text 7 In the light of the Constitution, China is a socialist state under
islands scattering around. Taiwan province is the largest island of
China, followed by Hainan Province and Chongming Island in Shanghai.
II. Text 4 Topographically speaking, China is high on the relief map in the
旅游英语电子课件Unit 4Transportation
Lesson 84
Look and Learn Dialogue Reading Learn More New Words and Phrases
Unit 4
Lesson 84
Step 2: There was more than one flight for him to choose. He chose the flight of Egyptair.
Business Class Boarding Pass
Lesson 84
Unit 4
Look and Learn Dialogue Reading Learn More New Words and Phrases
Economy Class Boarding Pass
Lesson 84
Unit 4
Look and Learn Dialogue Reading Learn More New Words and Phrases
Unit 4
Lesson 84
赵平准备乘飞机从美国洛杉矶飞往加拿大多伦多,中途在芝 加哥转机。他正在洛杉矶机场办理换登机牌、托运行李、过 安检等一系列登机手续。 Agent: It’ll go straight through. Here is your boarding pass—your flight leaves from gate 15A and it’ll begin boarding at 12:45. The departure time is 13:30. Your seat number is 32D. Have a nice flight!
第二步:不止一个航班供他选择。他选择了埃及航空公司航班。
旅游英语Unit4
How many countires have you been to?
Can you find the following countries on a map? • Vietnam • Laos • Myanmar (Burma) • India • Bhutan • Sikkim • Nepal • Afghanistan
Exercises: 1. Listening Practice
• MICE Tourism in Asia • Scan the code on page 24 to receive audio context.
• Listen to it for three times. For the first time, only listen. Try to catch as much information as you can. For the second time, make a break between each sentence. Write down as much of the text as you can hear. For the third time, read the text before you listen again. (The transcript is attached in the Appendix V.) Then close the book and listen, checking your answers.
• semi-arid steppes • barren desert • rugged terrain • rain forest • insulate • southward • civilization • hamper • tortuous
旅游英语unit4
Dialogue 2
Questions
• 1. Where does the man want to go? When and how? Beijing. 20th. By train
• 2. What ticket does the man want to buy? soft sleeper on express No.54 • 3. What will the train leave? at 9:45 am • 4. How much is the ticket? 684 yuan
• Could you change my flight date from London to Tokyo?
Model Dialogue A
(Jenny and Tony are booking at the train station) Tony: We want to take a train to New York next Friday. Ticket agent (A): Regular or express train? Tony: How much time would we save if we took the express? A: About one hour. The next express train arrives in New York at 3:15. Tony: And how much more do we have to pay for the express? A: First class is 24 dollars more, and second class is 15 dollars more. Tony (to Jenny): What do you think? Jenny: As long as we can arrive one hour earlier, I don't mind paying a little extra. Tony: OK. (to A) Then give me two second-class tickets on the express, please.
旅游商务英语 unit4 why people travel
Motivation of Traveling
• Some tourists go to see battlefields or religious shrines [ʃraɪn] 圣地,神庙.
• Tourists’ descriptions of travel sites generally yield [jiːld]引出,产生 words such as fascinating迷人的, interesting, stimulating振奋人心的, exciting, adventurous惊险的, entertaining [ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋ]娱乐的, fun, new experience, different, education and broadening.
Ethnic Tourism民俗旅游
• This is a form of tourism that may be thought of as appealing to a curious, people-oriented 以人为本,具有人文情怀的 tourist.
• To illustrate, a person whose family origin is in another part of the country may wish to visit distant relatives, research his family tree家 谱, and visit his birthplace or the land of his forefathers祖先.
• Notable examples of cultural tourism are visits to museum, attendance at musical or dramatic戏剧的 performances, and participation in scientific or archaeological [ˌɑːkɪəˈlɒdʒɪkəl]考古的 programs.
Unit_4Tourist_Information--旅游信息
conference n.会议; 讨论 The conference may help to focus attention on the economy. 此次会议可能有助于将关注焦点放在经 济上。 He went even further in his speech to the conference. 他在大会发言中作了 更进一步的阐述。
Check Your Understanding : Exercise 1 Give a brief answer to each of the following questions according to Passage A. What is Mike Hunter's nationality? Canadian. Why did Mike come to Beijing? To attend an international medical conference. Where will Mike fly tomorrow? London. How long before the plane takes off should Mike check in? At least one hour before the flight time.
Teaching Aims
1.听说:要求学生熟读对话与课文,背诵课
文对话语句,病能救课文内容进行问答。 2. 读译写:要求学生能读懂有关旅游信息 方面的英语文章,并能回答相关的阅读理 解练习。 3.写: 1. A. 鼓励学生用学过的单词、词组以书面 的形式表达自己乘飞机观光旅游的经历。 2. B. 了解旅游广告的基本写作格式。
8.around
Suddenly
a car came round a corner on the opposite side. 突然,对面的街角处拐过一辆汽车。 What's the opposite of white? 与白色相对的颜色是什么? 10. in order 按次序的,井然有序 Someone comes in every day to check all is in order. 每天都有人来检 查是否一切都井然有序。 It was her job to keep the room in order. 保持房间整洁是她的工作。
朗文旅游英语中级教材 Unit 4 Tour Operators
教材:朗文旅游英语(中级) 教材:朗文旅游英语(中级) 学生水平: 学生水平:旅游英语专业 大学二年级 课时:50分钟 课时:50分钟 授课人: 授课人:张琳瑜
Lesson 2
Warm-up: Vocabulary 1. Key words’ explanations Group A: charter flight & scheduled flight Group B: guesthouse, inn, lodge, villa Group C: ancillary service 2. Fill in the table
EXERCISE 12:
A. At the airport, the tour operator should keep their clients fully and regularly updated and provide refreshments depending on the length of the delay. If there is not a tour operator representative at the air port, one from the airline should be made available and clients informed at check-in who to see. B. Hotel service is the responsibility of the hotel. C. Hotel advertised as “a stone’s throw from the beach” —— the tour operator is responsible for the accuracy of its brochures. D. In reference to shops, brochure should state something like “lively resort”. E. Roadworks next to the hotel must be notified before departure and, if severe, the client given the option to change hotels or cancel at no charge. F. A seven-day holiday counts as a room being available to the client over seven nights, if this was the case the client does not have a case.
《旅游英语》复习题带答案Unit Four
Unit FourListening scripts:Shandong is situated in the east coast of china and the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Shandong province covers an area of 157 100 square kilometers and its population is 95.791 million in 2010. It has a monsoon climate of temperate zone.Shandong has the best transportation system in China. It has the greatest length of expressway of all the provinces in China, accounting for one-tenth of China’s total. Shandong has over 60 000 kilometers of expressways, and more than 98 percent of Shandong’s villages are linked by the highways.Shandong is rich in tourist resources. It’s famous for the magnificent natural scenery and splendid cultural as well, among which “one mountain , one river and one sage” enjoys a reputation at home and abroad. “One mountain” refers to Mount Tai which is the symbol of Chinese nations. “One river” means the yellow river, which is the mother river of china. “One sage” refers to Confucius, who is regarded as the greatest philosopher of China. Shandong also attracts tourists with the springs of Jinan, the sea of Qingdao, the immortals of Yantai and the island of Weihai. Part 1 Let’s Listen!Real-time Exercises 1Ⅰ. Fill in the table according to what you’ve learnt from the passage.General Situation of Shandong ProvincePosition It is situated in the east coast of china and thelower reaches of the Yellow River.Area 157 100 square kilometersPopulation 95.791 million in 2010Climate monsoon climate of temperate zoneFamous tourist attractions Mt. Tai、the yellow river、the springs of Jinan、the sea of Qingdao、the immortals of Yantai andthe island of Weihai.Ⅱ. Give a brief introduction to Shandong Province according to what you’ve learnt.Located in the east of china and the lower reaches of the yellow River, Shandong covers an area of 157,100 square kilometers inhabited by 95.791 million people in2010. It is typical of a monsoon climate of temperate zone. The province boasts the best expressway. Shandong is rich in tourist resources. It’s famou s for the magnificent natural scenery and splendid cultural as well, among which “one mountain, one river and one sage” enjoys a reputation at home and abroad. Part 2 Let’s Learn!Real-time Exercises 2I. Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.1. F2.F3.F4.T5.TII. Answer the following questions according to what you’ve learnt.Answers:1. If the special demand is in the contract, the local travel service should arrange it in advance, and the local guide should call to reconfirm it. If the demand is raised after the tourists’ arriving, the guide ought to contact the restaurant and try to meet the demand.2. The local guide should try his best to contact the restaurant and change the food if the demand is put forward three hours before dining. However, the guide shouldn’t accept it if the demand is raised just before the meal. But the guide should tell the tourists the reason for not accepting the demand in the second situation. If the tourists persist in it, the guide can advice them to order dishes by themselves.3. If the healthy tourist wants to dine in the room, the guide should also try to satisfy him, but the tourist has to pay the service charge.4. The local guide ought to recommend those licensed restaurants with good reputation to the tourist. What’ more, the guide should make a reservation in advance and arrange transfer service.5. The local guide should tell the tourists that restaurants have fixed business hours and they have to pay service charge if the dinner surpasses the business hours. The guide can meet their demand if the tourists agree to pay the service charge.Part 3 Let’s Speak!Real-time Exercises 3I. Role-play.II. Simulated Acting.Reference answer:Spicy Diced Chicken with Peanuts, also known as Kung Pao Chicken, is One of the most famous Chinese dishes and a perennial foreigner favorite. This dish first became popular in Sichuan and its legendary origin is a good example of the willingness of Chinese chefs to improvise. Allegedly, the dish is named after Ding Baozhen who is a late official in Qing Dynasty. He was born in Guizhou and served as head of Shandong province and later as governor of Sichuan province. His title was a palatial guardian. The name "Kung Pao" chicken is derived from this title. The dish exists in both traditional Sichuan and Westernized versions; the latter is more popular in the United States and Canada.Part 4 Let’s Read!Real-time Exercises 4.1I. Match the mountain in Column A with their reputation in Column B.Mount Heng in Shanxi ----- the Second Greatest Mountain under HeavenMount Tai in Shandong ----- Natural Museum of History and ArtMount Putuo in Zhejiang ----- the Fairy City of Buddhist KingdomMount Jiuhua in Anhui ----- Buddhist Paradise on the SeaII. Answer the following questions according to what you’ve learnt.1. Mount Tai in Shandong province, Mount Hua in Shaanxi province, Mount Heng in Hunan province, Mount Heng in Shanxi province and Mount Song in Henan province are known asChina’s Five Sacred Mountains. Mount Tai is admired for its grandeur, and innumerable inscriptions have been left there. Mount Huashan is renowned for its precariousness and difficulty of access. Mount Heng was always the place where Taoist activities were done in history, which created a rich Taoist culture. Mount Heng is famous for its unique feature of incorporating into itself ancientry, beauty, serenity of seclusion, risk and wonder to form a magnificent scenic sport for sightseeing. Mount Song is famous for the ancient monastery Shaolin Temple and the martial arts left by Bodhidharma.2. The Four Buddhist Mountains refer to Mount Wutai, Mount Emei, Mount Putuo, Mount Jiuhua. Mount Wutai in Shanxi province is believed to be the sacred place where Manjusri lived and preached, and it tops the other three Buddhist Mountains in China. Mount Emei in Sichuan province is the sacred place where Samantabhadra preached. Mount Putuo in Zhejiang province is the sacred place where Avalokitesvara (Guanyin or Goddess of Mercy) lived. It is believed that Ksitigarbha is enshrined on Mount Jiuhua.3. Mount Huang is considered the most beautiful mountain in China. It is famous for the four wonders, i.e., the queer pines, the grotesque rocks, the sea of clouds and the hot springs.Real-time Exercises 4.2Ⅰ. Choose the best answer for each item according to the passage.1. C2.C3.C4.B5.AⅡ. Complete the English words according to the passage.1. Five Sacred Mountains2. natural scenery manmade sights3. inscriptions and steles4. scenic areasPart 5 Let’s Improve!Real-time Exercises 5Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks with the proper words given below. Change their forms if necessary.1.universally2.importance3.representatives4.tenderness5.founderⅡ. Answer the following questions according to the passage.Answers:1. Chinese cuisine is acclaimed as “Kingdom of Cuisine”.2. Being the framework of Chinese cooking, Yin Yang was brought into Chinese cooking.3. Chinese cooking attaches much more importance to the color, fragrance, taste and shape.4. The four distinct regional cuisines in China are Sichuan cuisine, Shandong cuisine, Jiangsu cuisine and Guangdong cuisine. The distinct characteristics of Sichuan cuisine are hot, sour, tongue-numbing,fish-flavored and a rich variety of flavors. The most famous dishes are Kung Pao Chinken, Yu-Shiang Shredded Pork and Mapo Tofu. Shandong cuisine is well-known for its light seasoning, freshness, tenderness and delicacy. The noted dishes are Braised Yellow River Carp in Sour Sauce, Stewed Sea Cucumber with Spring Onion and Dezhou Braised Chicken. Jiangsu cuisine which is known for its light seasoning and delicacy, the representative dishes of Jiangsu cuisine are Sweet and Sour Boneless Fried Fish, Huaiyang Large Meatball and Beggar’s Chicken. The main features of Guangdong Cuisine are freshment, tenderness, smooth texture, and light seasoning. The typical dishes are Dragon and Tiger Locked in Battle, Duck Web in Oyster Sauce, Roast Suckling Pig.Ⅲ. Oral Presentation.Reference answer:Sichuan Cuisine is one of the most famous Chinese cuisines in the world. Characterized by its spicy and pungent flavors, Sichuan cuisine, with a myriad of tastes, emphasizes the use of chili. Pepper and prickly ash are always in accompaniment, producing the typical exciting tastes. Garlic, ginger and fermented soybean are also used in the cooking process. Wild vegetables and meats are often chosen as ingredients, while frying, frying without oil, pickling and braising are used as basic cooking techniques.Jiangsu Cuisine is popular in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Using fish and crustaceans as the main ingredients, it stresses their freshness. Its carving techniques are delicate, of which the melon carving technique is especially well known. Cooking techniques consist of stewing, braising, roasting, and simmering. The flavor of Jiangsu Cuisine is light, fresh and sweet and its presentation is delicately elegant.Guangdong cuisine, tasting clean, light, crisp and fresh, is familiar to Westerners, usually has fowl and other meats that produce its unique dishes. The basic cooking techniques include roasting, stir-frying, sautéing, deep-frying, braising, stewing and steaming. Guangdong chefs also pay much attention to the artistic presentation of their dishes.Shandong cuisine, clean, pure and not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness. Shallots and garlic are frequently used as seasonings so Shandong dishes taste pungent. Soups are given much emphasis in Shandong cuisine. Thin soups are clear and fresh while creamy soups are thick and taste strong. Jinan chefs are adept at deep-frying, grilling, pan-frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong chefs are famous for cooking seafood with a fresh and light taste.Part 6 Let’s Practice!Self-checkI. Complete the following passage according to what you’ve learnt.1.attention2.demand3.raise4.belief5.reasons6.forward7.accept8.contradiction9.explain 10.roomII. Complete the following dialogue according to what you’ve learnt.1. would you please give us some recommendations?2. Peking Roast Duck is the most famous dish here.3. special condiments4. fruit tree wood5. When serving,6. 120 thin pieces7. tender meat8. royal chefs.9. make a reservation10. call the restaurant11. the sweet soybean paste12. a sheet of pancakeIII. Translate the following items into English or Chinese1.Fairy City of Buddhist Kingdom2.give some recommendations3.No mountains are worth seeing after a trip to the five sacred mountains, and none of the sacredmountains are worth seeing after a trip to mount huangshan.4.four distinct regional cuisines5.cooking techniques6.据史料记载,中国历史上曾经有72个皇帝在泰山禅礼祭,无数的文人墨客在次留下了珍贵的碑刻。
高教版ESAP旅游英语教程-电子教案Unit4
Vocabulary bank
Understanding abbreviations and acronyms
Unit 4 Careers in Tourism and Hospitality
Skills focus
Reading • identifying topic development within
a paragraph • using the Internet effectively • evaluating Internet search results
We pronounce the vowel letters in abbreviations in this way:
We normally pronounce the vowel letters in acronyms in this way:
A
/ei/
E
/i:/
I
/ai/
O
/əu/
U
/ju:/
/eis/ /'æntɔ: (r)/
/'bætəu/ /'i:tuə/ /'naitə/ /'vistə/
Vocabulary bank
Understanding abbreviations and acronyms
An abbreviation is a shorter version of something. For example, PC /pi:si:/
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
二。菜肴名称的翻译方法
• 菜肴名称的翻译,首先应该让外国客人 了解菜的原料和烹调的主要方法,其次应 反映出菜肴“色,香,味,形”的主要特 点,如有可能还应简略介绍与菜肴有关的 民俗风情或历史传说,文字应该简洁明了。 根据中式菜肴的主要特点和菜名英译要求, 一般可采用以下四种方法进行翻译。
• [一] 中式菜肴绝大多数是写实型菜名,通常含有原料名(主料,配料和 调料)和烹调法,英译时可采用“烹调法+加工法+加原料(主料+配料+ 调料)”的格式。如:
• 还有些名菜内涵丰富,蕴含着一个典故、一段历史或一个传 说。如安徽寿县名点“大救驾(Shouxian County‘s kernel pastry)”,传说赵匡胤当年围困寿县长达九个月之久才得以攻 破,进城后因劳累过度而致病,食欲不振,厨师以猪油、面粉、 果仁等精心制作一种圆饼进呈,赵食后不久既恢复健康;赵当皇 帝即赐名“大救架”.
• [5]烧(braising)这又是中式菜肴最主要的烹调 方法之一,既在锅内放入少量食油,待油达到一
定温度后,放入菜肴,佐料酒葱、姜、糖或酱油, 盖上锅盖烹煮,如红烧肉(braised pork)。
• [6]煮(boiling),这里的煮是指在锅内放入水或放有 调料的浮汤,将锅放在慢火上烧,再放入菜肴,时间可 长可短,由食物的品种或食者口味而定。煮还可分为速 煮(instant boiling)和快煮(quick boiling)。北方 的涮羊肉常译为instant boiled mutton , 四川的火锅, 广东的“打边炉”也属此类。
3. 烹调方法多样,精于运用火候
• 中式菜肴的烹调方法有50多种,主要常用的 有以下几种:
• [1] 炒(stir-frying),这是中式菜肴最主要的 烹调方法,通过掌握火候和快速颠炒,便于保 持蔬菜的鲜嫩松脆,佐味均匀。
• [2]煎(pan-frying),既在锅内放上少量的食 油,待油达到一定的温度后将菜料放入锅内进 行短时间的烹煮,煎鸡蛋[pan-fried egg]。
• [9]熏(smoking)这种方法通常是将宰杀后的禽肉野 味,用调味香料调制后,用特殊的树木柴禾熏烤而熟, 这种菜肴往往具有独特风味。如熏山鸡(smoked pheasant)。
• [10]烘/烤 (baking/broiling/grilling/roasting/basting),其中 烘(baking)指将食物放在密闭的烘炉里或铁板铁架 上烘,食物与火不直接接触,如盐烙信丰鸡(salt baked Xingfeng chicken);烤(grilling/broiling) 是将食物放在铁板或铁架上用明火烤; roasting 是指 在火上或火旁烤烧,如烤乳猪(roasted piglet);至 于 basting 是指在食物烧烤的过程中不时浇林调味油, 以防烤焦,同时增加味道。
• [11]白灼(scalding)指将食物放在沸水中烫熟,然后 取出再放佐料拌或用热锅炒,此法主要用于烹制新鲜海 味,如白芍海螺片(scalded sliced conch)。
•
4. 菜名吉祥典雅,内涵发人联想
• 饮食与人们的日常生活密切相关,因此有些菜名的命名直接 反映人们的喜爱,情感和愿望,这是中式菜肴名称的一大特点。 人们选择或利用菜肴原料的的名称或本身的色,香,味,型或音 的特点,为菜肴起一个吉祥如意或美丽动听的名称。如有道广东 菜叫“发财好市”(black moss cooked with oysters),其 原料不过是发菜和蚝豉,在广东粤语中,“发菜”和“蚝豉”与 “发财”和“好市”谐音,因此广东人大都喜欢在新春佳节品尝 这道菜,以求“发财”和“好生意”;其他菜名如“全家福”、 “四喜肉丸”“八宝甜饭”等也都反映了人们追求吉祥喜乐的愿 望和感情。
2. 烹调法+主料名+配料名
• 炖栗子鸡 stewed chicken with chestnuts
• 干烧明虾 fried prawns with pepper sauce
• 奶油鱼肚 fried fish maw with cream sauce
• 冬菇菜心 fried winter mushrooms
• 中式菜肴林林总总,丰富多彩,其命名方 式,既有现实主义的写法,又有烂漫主义 的写意笔调,既蕴含着丰富的历史文化背 景,又充满着民俗情趣和地方风味。因此, 有的菜名已不单纯是一个菜肴的名称,而 是一个可引发丰富联想的艺术品名,有的 菜名背后还流传着动人的传说。
• 准确形象地把中式菜肴名称译为英语,让外国 友人不仅能亲口品尝到我国菜肴的独特的风味, 还能从菜名了解中式菜肴的烹调艺术和文化内涵, 菜名的英译起着重要作用。
• 雪莱炒冬笋 fried cabbage with fresh bamboo shoots
• 红烧狮子头 stewed minced pork balls with brown
•
sauce
• (二)意译类
• 中式菜肴不仅讲究烹调艺术,其名称也讲究典雅,富于 寓意,因此有些菜名根据主料和配料的特点,或经烹调后 菜肴的总体造型,起了个具有吉祥如意或富有艺术造型的 典雅名称。对于这类菜名,只能采用意译的方法,舍形或 舍音求意,将其原料和烹调全部照实译出。如
• [3]爆(quick-frying),其方法大至同煎,只 是放入的油更少,急火翻炒,时间更短。如大 虾(quick-fried shrimps)
• [4]炸/氽(deep-frying),既在锅内放入较多的 食油,待油煮沸后将菜肴放入油内进行较长时间 的煎煮,使其松脆香酥。如五香炸鸡翅[deepfried chicken wing with spicy flavor]。如再细 分,还可分为干炸(dry deep-frying),软炸 (soft deep-frying)和酥炸(crisp deepfrying)
• [7]蒸(steaming),既将用调料或配料调制好的菜肴 放在碗、碟内,再将其放入锅或笼屉内水煮,蒸煮的菜 肴往往骨酥肉烂,味道鲜美,如荷叶粉蒸肉(steamed flour-coated pork wrapped in lotus leaves )
• [8]炖/煨/焖(simmering/stewing),这三种烹调方法 基本相同,都是将食物放入水、汤或汁中,用文火漫漫 加热,用火时间一般较长,以这种方法烹制的菜肴滋膏 流溢,汁浓味重,鲜美可口,如炖栗子鸡(stewed chicken with chestnuts)煨牛肉(simmered beef)。
•
with green cabbage
• 蟹粉鱼肚 stewed fish maw with crab meat
• 笋菇鸡丁 fried chicken cubes with bamboo and
•
mushrooms
• 蟹肉海参 • 素什锦豆腐 • 腐乳汁烧肉 • 冬笋炒鱿鱼
fried sea cucumbers with crab meat braised bean curd with mixed vegetable stewed pork with preserved bean curd fried squid with fresh bamboo shoots
unit 4
Chinese Cuisine
How to translate the chinese dish
names?
中国是一个具有五千年历史的文明古国, 文化传统渊远流长,灿烂辉煌。《史记.郦生 陆贾列传》曰:“王者以民为天,而民人以食 为天。”“天”为万物的主宰,这表明自 古以来人们把“食”视为头等重要之事, 饮食文化是中华文化的重要组成部分。
• 3.烹调法+主料名+with/in+配料名 • 红烧肉 braised pork with brown sauce • 盐水虾 boiled shrimps in salt water • 箭明虾 fried prawns in gravy • 红烧青鱼 stewed black carp with brown sauce • 蟹肉海参 fried sea cucumbers with crab meat
• 炸响铃 deep-fried bean curd skin
• 龙凤会 stewed snake and chicken
• 全家福 stewed assorted meats
• 游龙戏凤 stir-fried prawns and chicken
• 蚂蚁上树 bean vermicelli with spicy meat sauce
• 葡汁全鸡 braised chicken with wine sauce • 醋溜子鸡 fried spring chicken with vinegar sauce • 清炖甲鱼 stewed turtle in clear soup
4. 烹调法+加工法+主料名+with/in+配料名
• 凤干鸡片 fried sliced chicken with chicken liver
1.烹调法+主料名
• 熏鱼 smoked fish • 蒸梭子蟹 steamed sea crabs • 爆虾 quick-fried shrimps • 清蒸桂鱼 steamed mandarin fish • 煨牛肉 simmered beef • 炒豌豆苗 fried pea shoots • 刷羊肉 instant boiled mutton • 生炒鸡什 fried chicken giblets • 炸虾球 fried prawn balls • 炸凤尾鱼 fried anchovies • 炒蟹粉 fried crab meat • 炒腰片 fried sliced pig’s kidney
一. 中式菜肴的传统特点
1. 原料丰富、品种繁多 • 我国富源辽阔,地形多样,据统计,我国菜肴原料(主料、