美语语音--连读规则
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a am an and are as at be been but can do does for from had has have he her/him is me must not of or shall should sir some than that the them there till to us was were will you
1.最常见弱读单词
a am an and are as at be been but can do does for from had has have he her/him is me must not of or shall should sir some than that the them there till to us was were will you
发音规则
1. 弱读 2. 略读
3. 缩读 4. 连读 5. 同化 6. 叠合 ⒎ 失爆
3. 缩读
两个或两个以上单词读音的合并现象.
3. 缩读
两个或两个以上单词读音的合并现象.
①They have→They’ve; ③He is →He’s ②They are →They’re ④are not →aren’t
1.最常见弱读单词
a am an and are as at be been but can do does for from had has have he her/him is me must not of or shall should sir some than that the them there till to us was were will you
★ ⑴ 前面的单词以元音[e]或[i]或[ai]结尾,紧随其后的单 词以元音开头,这时,在两个单词之间出现[j]作为过渡
① say it ②stay up ③very interesting ④she is ⑤copy it ⑥he and she
2.元音对元音的连读
★ ⑴ 前面的单词以元音[e]或[i]或[ai]结尾,紧随
其后的单词以元音开头,这时,在两个单词之间 出现[j]作为过渡。
①day in and day out ; ②Can you see it(try it)?
★ ⑵前面的单词以[u]或[o]或[au]结尾,紧随其后的单词
以元音开头,这时,在两个单词之间出现[w]作为过渡。 ① Can you do it? ② Go away ③How are you doing?
①day in and day out ; ②Can you see it(try it)?
★ ⑵前面的单词以[u]或[o]或[au]结尾,紧随其后的单词
以元音开头,这时,在两个单词之间出现[w]作为过渡。 ① Can you do it? ② Go away ③How are you doing?
3. 最常见缩读词组总结
⑴are you →ya ☆Where ya going? ⑵does she →dushi ☆Dushi speak English? ⑶don’t know →dunno ☆I dunno him. ⑷give me →gimme ☆Gimme that. ⑸going to →gonna ☆I’m gonna help him. ⑹have got to →gotta ☆I gotta help him. ⑺in front of →in fronna ☆He’s in fronna the house. ⑻out of → outta ☆ Get outta here. ⑼want to →wanna ☆ I wanna go home. ⑽what are you →Wachya/ wacha ☆Wachya/ wacha doing ⑾ sort of →sorta ; kind of →kinda
介
at from of
to
tuː
(语速较快时,而且 to 前面的音是辅音就会读 ) (如果 to 前面是元音就会变成) də
t
词
或d
as by per till upon to
æ z(在句尾时) baɪ pɜːr tɪl əˈpɒ n tuː
əz bə, bɪ pə tl əpən tu (在元音前) tə (在辅音前)
1.最常见弱读单词
⑴ sir ⑵ some ⑶ than ⑷ that ⑸ the ⑹ them ⑺ there ⑻ till ⑼ to ⑽ us ⑾ was ⑿ were ⒀ will ⒁ you /sǝ:r / → /sɚ/ /sΛm/ → /sǝm/ /ð æn/ → /ðǝn/ /ð æt/ → / ðǝt/ / ði / → / ðI / /ðɛm/ → / ðǝm/ /ðɛr/ → / ðǝ/ /tIl/ → / tl / / tu / → /tǝ/ /Λs/ → /ǝs/ /waz/ → /wǝz/ /wǝ:r / → /wǝ/, /wɚ/ /wIl/ → /l/ /ju/ → /jǝ/
ɪz
(用于句 首、 句末、 强调、 对比以及 /s, z, ʃ , ʒ ,t ʃ , d ʒ / 音之后 )
is
are
ɑː(在句
尾时)
1.弱读
单词读音的弱化现象
Ex: ①and ②of ③can /ænd/ →/ǝnd/,/ǝn/,/n/
/Λv/ →/ǝv/
/kæn/ → /kǝn/
1.最常见弱读单词
1.最常见弱读单词
a am an and are as at be been but can do does for from had has have he her/him is me must not of or shall should sir some than that the them there till to us was were will you
发音规则
1. 弱读 2. 略读 3. 缩读
4. 连读 5. 同化 6. 叠合 ⒎ 失爆
4.连读
1. 辅音与元音之间的连读 2.元音与元音之间的连读
1.辅音与元音之间的连读
⑴. 一般情况下,在同一意群中的两个词, 前者以辅音结尾,后者以元音开头, 这两个 音就可以连 起来读,称为“连读”。------------------
动
have (to)
hæ v (tuː) hæ z (tuː) hæ d (tuː) ɔːt tuː kɑːnt, kæ nt nɒt biː biːn æ m(在
句尾时)
词
has (to)
had (to) ought to can’t
(US)
副词 系 动 词
not be been am
nt, n bɪ bɪn m (用于 I 之后) əm (其他情况) s (在 / p, t, k, f, θ / 音之后 ) z(在元音之后以及 除了 /zˌʒˌdʒ /音之外的浊辅 音后) ər(在元音前) ə (在辅音前 )
前辅后元
什么叫意群?
★句子中能表达独立完整意思的词语
⑴ take on a bag of apples ⑵ find out a cup of tea ⑶ get off a line of cars ⑷ take it out of it
1.辅音与元音之间的连读
★特殊连读---一箭双雕 ⑴/r/ a number of , for instance ; ⑵/n/ in an hour , on a sunny day; ⑶/l/ fall on sleep, all of a sudden
1.最常见弱读单词
⑴a ⑵ am ⑶ an ⑷ and ⑸ are ⑹ as ⑺ at ⑻ be ⑼ been ⑽ but ⑾ can ⑿ do ⒀ does ⒁ for / e / → /ǝ/ /æm/ → /ǝm/, / m / /æn/ → /ǝn/ /ænd/ → /ǝnd/, /ǝn/, /n/ / ar / → / r /, /ɚ /(ǝr ) /æz/ → /ǝz/ /æt/ → /ǝt/ /bi/ → /bI/ /bin/ → /bIn/ /bΛt/ → /bǝt/ /kæn/ → /kǝn/ /du/ → /dU/ /dΛz/ → /dǝz/ /fっr/ → /f ɚ/
单词
can could shall
强读 式
kæ n (在
句尾时)
弱读式
kən, kn, kŋ kəd ʃəl, ʃl, l, ʃ
kʊd(在
句尾时)
情
should will would must
ʃæ l ʃʊd wɪl wʊd mʌst
(在句尾时)
态
ʃəd, ʃd , d l, əl wəd, əd, d məst(在元音前) məs(在辅音前) æ v(d), həv(d), əv(d), v(d) æ f (t), həf (t ), əf (t), f(t) æ z(d), həz(d), əz(d), z(d), s(t) æ s (t), həs (t), æ d( ə) , h əd( ə), d(ə) ɔːtə kæ n əs (t), ə d(ə),
1.弱读
单词读音的弱化现象 Ex: ①and ②of ③to ④for ⑤been ⑥he ★总结:嘴形张得大的音→小
发音规则
1. 弱读 2. 略读 3. 缩读 4. 连读 5. 同化 6. 叠合 ⒎ 失爆
2. 略读
★单词读音的省略现象 ⑴ because →’cause, coz /kǝz/ ⑵ goodbye → g’bye / g’bai / ⑶ goodnight→g’night / g’nait / ⑷ probably →prob’ly /prɑblI/ ⑸ had better →better ⑹ How are you doing →How you doing.
1.最常见弱读单词
⑴ ⑵ ⑶ ⑷ ⑸ ⑹ ⑺ ⑻ ⑼ ⑽ ⑾ ⑿ ⒀ ⒁ from had has have he her is me must not of or shall should /fram/ → /frǝm/ /hæd/ → /hǝd/ /hæz/ → /hǝz/ /hæv/ → /hǝv/ / hi / → / hI / / hǝ:r / → /hǝ/,/ ɚ/ /Iz/ → /z / /mi/ → /mI/ /mΛst/ →/mǝst/ /nat/ → / nt / /Λv/ → /ǝv/ /っr/ → / ǝ / /ʃæl/ → /ʃǝl/, /ʃl/ /ʃUd/ → /ʃǝd/
发音规则
1. 弱读 2. 略读 3. 缩读 4. 连读 5. 同化 6. 叠合 ⒎ 失爆
词类 冠 词
单词
the an a up on for
强读式
ðə , ði: æn eɪ ʌp ɒn fɔː(在句尾时) æ t (在句尾时) frɒm(在句尾时) ɒv(在句尾时)
弱读式
ði(在元音前), ðə(在辅音前) ən(在元音前), ə(在辅音前), n ə əp ən fə (在辅音前) fər(在元音前) ət frəm, frm əv, v, ə tu (在元音前或句尾) tə (在辅音前)
连读
1. 辅音与元音之间的连读 2.元音与元音之间的连读
2.元音对元音的连读
在元音之间插入[j]或[w], 从而使纯元音 音节之间的过渡变得自然、流畅,读起 来更加上口。
音[e]或[i]或[ai]结尾,紧随
其后的单词以元音开头,这时,在两个单词之间 出现[j]作为过渡。
小品词
ðeə(r)
ðər(在元音前) ðə(在辅音前或句尾时)
引导词
there but than that
(在句尾可能读 ðeə 或弱读成 ðə)
连
nor or and
词
so where as till
bʌt bət ðæ n ðən, ðn ðæ t (作指示 ðət (作为关系代词是的读音) 代词是的读音) nɔːr nə ɔːr ə ənd,ən, n ( after / t, d, f, v,θ, ð, s, z, æ nd ʃ, ʒ) səʊ sə weə, hweə wə æz əz tl tɪl
1.最常见弱读单词
a am an and are as at be been but can do does for from had has have he her/him is me must not of or shall should sir some than that the them there till to us was were will you
发音规则
1. 弱读 2. 略读
3. 缩读 4. 连读 5. 同化 6. 叠合 ⒎ 失爆
3. 缩读
两个或两个以上单词读音的合并现象.
3. 缩读
两个或两个以上单词读音的合并现象.
①They have→They’ve; ③He is →He’s ②They are →They’re ④are not →aren’t
1.最常见弱读单词
a am an and are as at be been but can do does for from had has have he her/him is me must not of or shall should sir some than that the them there till to us was were will you
★ ⑴ 前面的单词以元音[e]或[i]或[ai]结尾,紧随其后的单 词以元音开头,这时,在两个单词之间出现[j]作为过渡
① say it ②stay up ③very interesting ④she is ⑤copy it ⑥he and she
2.元音对元音的连读
★ ⑴ 前面的单词以元音[e]或[i]或[ai]结尾,紧随
其后的单词以元音开头,这时,在两个单词之间 出现[j]作为过渡。
①day in and day out ; ②Can you see it(try it)?
★ ⑵前面的单词以[u]或[o]或[au]结尾,紧随其后的单词
以元音开头,这时,在两个单词之间出现[w]作为过渡。 ① Can you do it? ② Go away ③How are you doing?
①day in and day out ; ②Can you see it(try it)?
★ ⑵前面的单词以[u]或[o]或[au]结尾,紧随其后的单词
以元音开头,这时,在两个单词之间出现[w]作为过渡。 ① Can you do it? ② Go away ③How are you doing?
3. 最常见缩读词组总结
⑴are you →ya ☆Where ya going? ⑵does she →dushi ☆Dushi speak English? ⑶don’t know →dunno ☆I dunno him. ⑷give me →gimme ☆Gimme that. ⑸going to →gonna ☆I’m gonna help him. ⑹have got to →gotta ☆I gotta help him. ⑺in front of →in fronna ☆He’s in fronna the house. ⑻out of → outta ☆ Get outta here. ⑼want to →wanna ☆ I wanna go home. ⑽what are you →Wachya/ wacha ☆Wachya/ wacha doing ⑾ sort of →sorta ; kind of →kinda
介
at from of
to
tuː
(语速较快时,而且 to 前面的音是辅音就会读 ) (如果 to 前面是元音就会变成) də
t
词
或d
as by per till upon to
æ z(在句尾时) baɪ pɜːr tɪl əˈpɒ n tuː
əz bə, bɪ pə tl əpən tu (在元音前) tə (在辅音前)
1.最常见弱读单词
⑴ sir ⑵ some ⑶ than ⑷ that ⑸ the ⑹ them ⑺ there ⑻ till ⑼ to ⑽ us ⑾ was ⑿ were ⒀ will ⒁ you /sǝ:r / → /sɚ/ /sΛm/ → /sǝm/ /ð æn/ → /ðǝn/ /ð æt/ → / ðǝt/ / ði / → / ðI / /ðɛm/ → / ðǝm/ /ðɛr/ → / ðǝ/ /tIl/ → / tl / / tu / → /tǝ/ /Λs/ → /ǝs/ /waz/ → /wǝz/ /wǝ:r / → /wǝ/, /wɚ/ /wIl/ → /l/ /ju/ → /jǝ/
ɪz
(用于句 首、 句末、 强调、 对比以及 /s, z, ʃ , ʒ ,t ʃ , d ʒ / 音之后 )
is
are
ɑː(在句
尾时)
1.弱读
单词读音的弱化现象
Ex: ①and ②of ③can /ænd/ →/ǝnd/,/ǝn/,/n/
/Λv/ →/ǝv/
/kæn/ → /kǝn/
1.最常见弱读单词
1.最常见弱读单词
a am an and are as at be been but can do does for from had has have he her/him is me must not of or shall should sir some than that the them there till to us was were will you
发音规则
1. 弱读 2. 略读 3. 缩读
4. 连读 5. 同化 6. 叠合 ⒎ 失爆
4.连读
1. 辅音与元音之间的连读 2.元音与元音之间的连读
1.辅音与元音之间的连读
⑴. 一般情况下,在同一意群中的两个词, 前者以辅音结尾,后者以元音开头, 这两个 音就可以连 起来读,称为“连读”。------------------
动
have (to)
hæ v (tuː) hæ z (tuː) hæ d (tuː) ɔːt tuː kɑːnt, kæ nt nɒt biː biːn æ m(在
句尾时)
词
has (to)
had (to) ought to can’t
(US)
副词 系 动 词
not be been am
nt, n bɪ bɪn m (用于 I 之后) əm (其他情况) s (在 / p, t, k, f, θ / 音之后 ) z(在元音之后以及 除了 /zˌʒˌdʒ /音之外的浊辅 音后) ər(在元音前) ə (在辅音前 )
前辅后元
什么叫意群?
★句子中能表达独立完整意思的词语
⑴ take on a bag of apples ⑵ find out a cup of tea ⑶ get off a line of cars ⑷ take it out of it
1.辅音与元音之间的连读
★特殊连读---一箭双雕 ⑴/r/ a number of , for instance ; ⑵/n/ in an hour , on a sunny day; ⑶/l/ fall on sleep, all of a sudden
1.最常见弱读单词
⑴a ⑵ am ⑶ an ⑷ and ⑸ are ⑹ as ⑺ at ⑻ be ⑼ been ⑽ but ⑾ can ⑿ do ⒀ does ⒁ for / e / → /ǝ/ /æm/ → /ǝm/, / m / /æn/ → /ǝn/ /ænd/ → /ǝnd/, /ǝn/, /n/ / ar / → / r /, /ɚ /(ǝr ) /æz/ → /ǝz/ /æt/ → /ǝt/ /bi/ → /bI/ /bin/ → /bIn/ /bΛt/ → /bǝt/ /kæn/ → /kǝn/ /du/ → /dU/ /dΛz/ → /dǝz/ /fっr/ → /f ɚ/
单词
can could shall
强读 式
kæ n (在
句尾时)
弱读式
kən, kn, kŋ kəd ʃəl, ʃl, l, ʃ
kʊd(在
句尾时)
情
should will would must
ʃæ l ʃʊd wɪl wʊd mʌst
(在句尾时)
态
ʃəd, ʃd , d l, əl wəd, əd, d məst(在元音前) məs(在辅音前) æ v(d), həv(d), əv(d), v(d) æ f (t), həf (t ), əf (t), f(t) æ z(d), həz(d), əz(d), z(d), s(t) æ s (t), həs (t), æ d( ə) , h əd( ə), d(ə) ɔːtə kæ n əs (t), ə d(ə),
1.弱读
单词读音的弱化现象 Ex: ①and ②of ③to ④for ⑤been ⑥he ★总结:嘴形张得大的音→小
发音规则
1. 弱读 2. 略读 3. 缩读 4. 连读 5. 同化 6. 叠合 ⒎ 失爆
2. 略读
★单词读音的省略现象 ⑴ because →’cause, coz /kǝz/ ⑵ goodbye → g’bye / g’bai / ⑶ goodnight→g’night / g’nait / ⑷ probably →prob’ly /prɑblI/ ⑸ had better →better ⑹ How are you doing →How you doing.
1.最常见弱读单词
⑴ ⑵ ⑶ ⑷ ⑸ ⑹ ⑺ ⑻ ⑼ ⑽ ⑾ ⑿ ⒀ ⒁ from had has have he her is me must not of or shall should /fram/ → /frǝm/ /hæd/ → /hǝd/ /hæz/ → /hǝz/ /hæv/ → /hǝv/ / hi / → / hI / / hǝ:r / → /hǝ/,/ ɚ/ /Iz/ → /z / /mi/ → /mI/ /mΛst/ →/mǝst/ /nat/ → / nt / /Λv/ → /ǝv/ /っr/ → / ǝ / /ʃæl/ → /ʃǝl/, /ʃl/ /ʃUd/ → /ʃǝd/
发音规则
1. 弱读 2. 略读 3. 缩读 4. 连读 5. 同化 6. 叠合 ⒎ 失爆
词类 冠 词
单词
the an a up on for
强读式
ðə , ði: æn eɪ ʌp ɒn fɔː(在句尾时) æ t (在句尾时) frɒm(在句尾时) ɒv(在句尾时)
弱读式
ði(在元音前), ðə(在辅音前) ən(在元音前), ə(在辅音前), n ə əp ən fə (在辅音前) fər(在元音前) ət frəm, frm əv, v, ə tu (在元音前或句尾) tə (在辅音前)
连读
1. 辅音与元音之间的连读 2.元音与元音之间的连读
2.元音对元音的连读
在元音之间插入[j]或[w], 从而使纯元音 音节之间的过渡变得自然、流畅,读起 来更加上口。
音[e]或[i]或[ai]结尾,紧随
其后的单词以元音开头,这时,在两个单词之间 出现[j]作为过渡。
小品词
ðeə(r)
ðər(在元音前) ðə(在辅音前或句尾时)
引导词
there but than that
(在句尾可能读 ðeə 或弱读成 ðə)
连
nor or and
词
so where as till
bʌt bət ðæ n ðən, ðn ðæ t (作指示 ðət (作为关系代词是的读音) 代词是的读音) nɔːr nə ɔːr ə ənd,ən, n ( after / t, d, f, v,θ, ð, s, z, æ nd ʃ, ʒ) səʊ sə weə, hweə wə æz əz tl tɪl