英文医学论文撰写的基本要求及常见问题_照日格图

内容：研究的主要内容 组成：短语或句子。 一般以一个核心词或核心短语为核心，用其他一 些重点词(最常见的有研究对象、研究方法，甚至 研究的结果)一起说明研究的主要内容。
例如：Ultrasound guided lithotripsy of
salivary calculi (in …) using an electromagnetic lithotriptor，这里lithotrypsy是核心词。
[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the reliability of 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection by using gastroscopy and serum HP antibody testing.
文题的书写格式：
例 如 ： Long-term results of prophylactic cranial irradiation for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer in complete remission (Chin Med J, 2005, 118: 1258)。
又如： [Abstract] Objective To explore the flow cytometric 3-color analysis of circulating activated platelets (CAP) and its clinical significance in ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.
Context (上下文，即Background), 包括Objective的实际内容
Design and Setting, Patients, Intervention, Main Outcome Measures, Results,
Method
Conclusions.
目的 Objective
Pulmonary function of healthy infants 1-12 months of age in Guangzhou area
Test results and clinical significance of the four serum markers in health persons and others suffering with chronic hepatitis
文题应避免的情况
不应过长、不应过于概括、不应抽象
字数不应超过18个主要词(major words)
文题中应避免使用不重要的、含义不 明确的词，如： “A study on ...‖, ―An investigation of ...‖, ―A clinical study on ...‖, ―A survey of ...‖ 等词
文题如以定冠词The开头，多数情况下 将其省略。
Use of exhaled nitric oxide measurements to guide treatment in chronic asthma
(N Engl J Med 2005; 352:2163)
复合文题：
例如：Effect of nonoxynol-9 gel on urogenital gonorrhea and chlamydial infection：A randomized controlled trial (JAMA. 2002;287:1117-1122)
摘
要
(abstract, summary)
简明但稍微具体地反映一篇论文的主要内 容，供阅读、编入数据库等。
写好摘要的重要性……
总体要求：简明、清晰、重点突出。字数 在250个词左右。 结构工作摘要： 背景(目的)、方法、结果 和结论。不同期刊要求不同。如N Engl J Med要
求：Background, Method, Result, Conclusion
文题的书写格式：
国外期刊对文题书写格式要求与国内期 刊的不同。
每个实词首字母都大写
Perioperative Chemotherapy versus Surgery Alone for Resectable Gastroesophageal Cancer
(N Engl J Med, 2006, 355:11-20)
数字：若以数字开始，用英文拼写的数 词，不可用阿拉伯数字。 标点符号：引号用单引号‘’ 药名：用通用名 种属名称: 微生物、植物(草药)等的正 式 名 用 用 斜 体 字 , 如 Streptococcus pneumoneae, Helicobacter pyloris 缩略语：尽可能避免
Transfusion-transmitted virus infection
仅第一个词的首字母大写： Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance among children and adolescents with marked obesity
(N Engl J Med 2002, 346:802-810)
文题的某些特别注意事项：
JAMA表示目的的文字也多用To …短语 ，例如：
Objective To compare the effect of CABG surgery with (on-pump) and without (off-pump) cardiopulmonary bypass on cognitive outcome.
英文医学论文的 撰写及常见问题
照日格图 中华医学杂志 英文版 总编辑 美国《新英格兰医学杂志》（N Engl J Med） 编委
英文医学论文的格式和内容 文题 Title 作者名单 Authors’ name 作者单位 Author affiliation 摘要 Abstract 关键词 Key words 引言 Introduction 材料与方法 Materials and Methods
表示目的的这一段文字应尽可能避免与文题 完全重复。 常用于表示目的的动词不定式短语有： To evaluate … To explore … (国外期刊少用) To understand … To clarify … To determine … To compare … To test the hypothesis … …
英文医学论文的格式和内容 结果 Results 讨论 Discussions 致谢 Aknowledgement 利益冲突 Conflicts of interest 参考文献 References 图、表 Figures, tables 图注和表注等 Figure legends, etc. 附件 Appendices
例如：Amylin peptide levels are raised in infants of diabetic mothers (Arch Dis Child 2005, 90:1279)
例如：Characteristics of pediatric traumatic amputations treated in hospital emergency departments: United States, 1990–2002 (Pediatrics, 2005, 116: e667)。
方法 Method
1、研究对象基本特征、纳入和排除标准、 分组 2、研究方法、设计、所用的技术、治疗的 方法，等等 3、主要和次要终点指标
Methods In four treatment centers for visceral
leishmaniasis, 667 patients between 5 and 55 years of age who were negative for the human immunodeficiency virus and had parasitologically confirmed visceral leishmaniasis were randomly assigned in a 3:1 ratio to receive paromomycin (502 patients) at a dose of 11 mg per kilogram of body weight intramuscularly daily for 21 days or amphotericin B (165 patients) at a dose of 1 mg per kilogram intravenously every other day for 30 days. Final cure was assessed 6 months after the end of treatment; safety assessments included daily clinical evaluations and weekly laboratory and audiometric evaluations. Noninferiority testing was used to compare 6-month cure rates, with a chosen margin of noninferiority of 10 percentage points.
文 题
用短语或句子形式集中反映一篇论文主 要内容的一段wk.baidu.com字 供审稿、引起读者阅读兴趣、供编制索 引等 用一定逻辑关系连接起来的名词短语或
句子
对文题的要求：
简(Brief, 字数＜18，＜2行) 明(Clear, 清楚，不模糊) 准(Precise, 不夸大、不过于概括、稍 具体)
文题的内容和组成
Rural-urban differences in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders Prevalence of psychiatric disorders is higher in urban than in rural areas
Clinical study of purulent meningitis complicated with subdural effusion
Clinical characteristics of purulent meningitis complicated with subdural effusion Symptoms and signes of purulent meningitis suggestive of subdural effusion
改为： Transfusion-transmitted virus infection in patients with viral hepatitides A to E and healthy controls
Pulmonary function examination of normal infants between 1~12 months in Guangzhou District
Clinical significance of four serum markers of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis and healthy persons
Psychiatric disorders: A rural-urban comparison
例如：Genetic deficiency in the chemokine receptor CCR1 protects against acute Clostridium difficile toxin A enteritis in mice (Gastroenterology 2002 122: 725)