simile and metaphor
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1) A tenor+verb+as/like+vehicle Eg:The man over there is like a pig. 2) As/Just as+a vehicle,so+a tenor+verb Eg:Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature,so Marx discovered the law of…human society. 3) A tenor+verb+as though/if+a vehicle+verb Eg:The first time I read an excellent book,it is to me just as if I had gained a new friend.
2.3 Three properties
Freshness and originality 新鲜独特 源于生活 Aptness 恰当 贴切 Consistency 协调一致
Translation of simile and metaphor
多数只需直译，涉及困难和文化差异时可采取意译或 转移译法。
2.1 What is metaphor？ A metaphor,like a simile,also makes a comparison between two unlike elements,but unlike a simile this comparison is implied rather than stated.A metphor is,therefore,an implied simile.
Eg: Life is an ice cream.
Compare the differences between metaphor and simile:
1) m.Imperialism is a paper tiger. s.Imperialism is like a paper tiger. 2) m.The news is a dagger to her heart. s.The news is as a dagger to her heart.
然而，另一种可能性是精神病临床种类数目的稳步增长加速导致 一种所谓的“疾病膨胀”现象—精神病范围的盲目扩大。
意译
Eg: Of soup and love,the first is the best. 恋爱如喝汤，头一碗最香。 It is to place one’s head in the lion’s mouth. 这真是置身于险地。
Eg: My love is like the melody.
1.2 Formation
From structure,a simile includes three parts:
subject/tenor 本体 reference/vehicle 喻体 indicator of resemblance/simile marker 比喻词/连接词 比喻词 连接词
根据两种语言的特点及民族文化习俗的痕迹， 根据两种语言的特点及民族文化习俗的痕迹，以译文通顺读者能理 解为基本条件进行意译 意译。 解为基本条件进行意译。
Eg：While they concentrate on attacking GM crops,the plants’ conventionally bred cousins could sneak into Europe through the back door. 当人们集中精力抨击基因作物时，那些通过传统方法培育的同类作物便悄然地进 入欧洲市场。
7) T+be+as…as+V. A像B一样 像 一样
Eg:He is as sly as a fox/as busy as a bee/as easy as ABC/as hard as the nether millstone.
8) S+v.+not as/so+T+as+V
不是A,而是 不是 而是B 而是 …不如 不如…,…还是 还是… 不如 还是
9) S+may/might+as well+v.+V+as+v.+T
Eg:You may as well advise me to give up my fortune as my argument. You never listen-I might as well talk to a brick wall.
直译
Eg:A silver plate is rising up in the sky. 一个银盘从天边升起。 Good painting is like good cooking;it can be tasted,but not explained. 好画犹如佳肴，只可意会，不可言传。 What a piece of work is man,in action how like an angel,in apprehension how like a god. 人是多么了不起的一件精品，他的行为多么像天使，智慧多么像天神。 Painting is silent poetry, and poetry is a speaking picture. 画是无言的诗，诗是有声的画。
My love is like a red,red rose.
tenor simile marker vehicle
as as if as though as…as (just)as…so similar to to bear a resemblance to etc.
来自百度文库
1.4 Different ways of expression
Illustrative 说明型
通过简单具体的形象说明复杂，抽象的概念或过程。 通过简单具体的形象说明复杂，抽象的概念或过程。
Illuminative 启发型
通过暗示性的联想启发人们洞察深层的内涵。不一定能直接理解，须经思索， 通过暗示性的联想启发人们洞察深层的内涵。不一定能直接理解，须经思索， 方能霍然。 方能霍然。
1.5 Three main similes according to the characteristic
Descriptive Illuminative Illustrative
Descriptive 描写型
通过鲜明的形象，生动地描写人物，事件等。 通过鲜明的形象，生动地描写人物，事件等。 chamelion.他有点像政治上的变色龙 他有点像政治上的变色龙。 Eg;He is something of a political chamelion.他有点像政治上的变色龙。
No indicator of resemblance
2.2 Different ways of expression
1) A modifier+vehicle 2) V.=noun 3) A metaphor=verb 4) A metaphor=verb+noun 5) A metaphor=noun+verb 6) A metaphor=an adj.+a noun 7) Dead metaphors 8) Mixed metaphors 9) Extended or branching metaphor 进喻 10) Sustained metaphor 博喻、复喻、莎士比亚比喻
直译加解释
Eg: Yet another possibility is that the steady growth in the number of clinical categories for mental illness is fuelling a kind of “disease inflation”.
1.1 What is simile？ A simile is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common.
Eg:Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.
6) Subject+v.+no more/less+T than+V/Sub.+not+T+any more+than+V.正如…一样 正如… 正如
Eg:Our village is no less beautiful than this picture.
4) what+V，that+T ，
A对于 就像 好比 对于 一样 对于…就像 好比B对于 对于 就像/好比 对于…一样
Eg:What salt is to food,that wit and humor are to conversation and literature.
5) T+be to+noun(T)+what+V+be to+noun(V)
2.3 Three properties
Freshness and originality 新鲜独特 源于生活 Aptness 恰当 贴切 Consistency 协调一致
Translation of simile and metaphor
多数只需直译，涉及困难和文化差异时可采取意译或 转移译法。
2.1 What is metaphor？ A metaphor,like a simile,also makes a comparison between two unlike elements,but unlike a simile this comparison is implied rather than stated.A metphor is,therefore,an implied simile.
Eg: Life is an ice cream.
Compare the differences between metaphor and simile:
1) m.Imperialism is a paper tiger. s.Imperialism is like a paper tiger. 2) m.The news is a dagger to her heart. s.The news is as a dagger to her heart.
然而，另一种可能性是精神病临床种类数目的稳步增长加速导致 一种所谓的“疾病膨胀”现象—精神病范围的盲目扩大。
意译
Eg: Of soup and love,the first is the best. 恋爱如喝汤，头一碗最香。 It is to place one’s head in the lion’s mouth. 这真是置身于险地。
Eg: My love is like the melody.
1.2 Formation
From structure,a simile includes three parts:
subject/tenor 本体 reference/vehicle 喻体 indicator of resemblance/simile marker 比喻词/连接词 比喻词 连接词
根据两种语言的特点及民族文化习俗的痕迹， 根据两种语言的特点及民族文化习俗的痕迹，以译文通顺读者能理 解为基本条件进行意译 意译。 解为基本条件进行意译。
Eg：While they concentrate on attacking GM crops,the plants’ conventionally bred cousins could sneak into Europe through the back door. 当人们集中精力抨击基因作物时，那些通过传统方法培育的同类作物便悄然地进 入欧洲市场。
7) T+be+as…as+V. A像B一样 像 一样
Eg:He is as sly as a fox/as busy as a bee/as easy as ABC/as hard as the nether millstone.
8) S+v.+not as/so+T+as+V
不是A,而是 不是 而是B 而是 …不如 不如…,…还是 还是… 不如 还是
9) S+may/might+as well+v.+V+as+v.+T
Eg:You may as well advise me to give up my fortune as my argument. You never listen-I might as well talk to a brick wall.
直译
Eg:A silver plate is rising up in the sky. 一个银盘从天边升起。 Good painting is like good cooking;it can be tasted,but not explained. 好画犹如佳肴，只可意会，不可言传。 What a piece of work is man,in action how like an angel,in apprehension how like a god. 人是多么了不起的一件精品，他的行为多么像天使，智慧多么像天神。 Painting is silent poetry, and poetry is a speaking picture. 画是无言的诗，诗是有声的画。
My love is like a red,red rose.
tenor simile marker vehicle
as as if as though as…as (just)as…so similar to to bear a resemblance to etc.
来自百度文库
1.4 Different ways of expression
Illustrative 说明型
通过简单具体的形象说明复杂，抽象的概念或过程。 通过简单具体的形象说明复杂，抽象的概念或过程。
Illuminative 启发型
通过暗示性的联想启发人们洞察深层的内涵。不一定能直接理解，须经思索， 通过暗示性的联想启发人们洞察深层的内涵。不一定能直接理解，须经思索， 方能霍然。 方能霍然。
1.5 Three main similes according to the characteristic
Descriptive Illuminative Illustrative
Descriptive 描写型
通过鲜明的形象，生动地描写人物，事件等。 通过鲜明的形象，生动地描写人物，事件等。 chamelion.他有点像政治上的变色龙 他有点像政治上的变色龙。 Eg;He is something of a political chamelion.他有点像政治上的变色龙。
No indicator of resemblance
2.2 Different ways of expression
1) A modifier+vehicle 2) V.=noun 3) A metaphor=verb 4) A metaphor=verb+noun 5) A metaphor=noun+verb 6) A metaphor=an adj.+a noun 7) Dead metaphors 8) Mixed metaphors 9) Extended or branching metaphor 进喻 10) Sustained metaphor 博喻、复喻、莎士比亚比喻
直译加解释
Eg: Yet another possibility is that the steady growth in the number of clinical categories for mental illness is fuelling a kind of “disease inflation”.
1.1 What is simile？ A simile is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common.
Eg:Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.
6) Subject+v.+no more/less+T than+V/Sub.+not+T+any more+than+V.正如…一样 正如… 正如
Eg:Our village is no less beautiful than this picture.
4) what+V，that+T ，
A对于 就像 好比 对于 一样 对于…就像 好比B对于 对于 就像/好比 对于…一样
Eg:What salt is to food,that wit and humor are to conversation and literature.
5) T+be to+noun(T)+what+V+be to+noun(V)