十二种动词时态精讲

在条件、时间状语从句中表示过去将来的动作。
1. 表示预测
• Fish will die without water. • Tom studies very hard, and he is going to try for a scholarship.
2. 表示计划 (tomorrow，next week, soon,in 2018)
• When I was young, I took cold baths regularly.
表过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或行为.
• • When my brother was a teenager, he played table tennis almost everyday. They said they would let us know if they heard any news about him.
2. 表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作，但说话时不一定在进行。 3. 表示从过去某一时间的角度，看将要发生的动作
（用于某些动词 go, come, stay, leave, start, begin, arrive, return, fly, drive等动词）
• I thought they were leaving a few days later.
1. 规律情况而非具体一次
• He takes a walk after supper every day.
2. 永恒真理或既定事实，无时间限制
• The sun rises in the east. • Two plus two makes four.
3.描述能力，性格，特征等
• He works hard. • The children draw well.
• We are going to visit the Museum of Chinese History.
3. 表示意愿
• Weather permitting, I will go fishing.
be about to+动词原形 表示即将要发生的事 The English evening is about to begin. is going to begin soon will begin soon
3) 表示“必须”， 相当于must ，have to
4) 表示“想，打算”，相Байду номын сангаас于intend,want ，
• You are to do your homework before you watch TV. • If we are to be there before ten, we’ll have to go now.
2）表示原因、结果或猜测；
• Please come tomorrow afternoon, tomorrow morning I’ll be having a meeting. • Stop the child or he will be falling over.
• You will be making a mistake.
• It has been raining for three days.（强调说话者抱怨的感 情色彩）
凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成 进行时。
1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须 用时间状语表示）。
• • • • • He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday. He is preparing his lecture now. He will be preparing his lecture all day tomorow. he will prepare his lecture tomorow. They were digging a railway tunnel last week.
4. 主将从现，主情从现 • I’ll go there after I finish my work.
• If it rains tomorrow, I won’t go there.
表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况，常与last week/year/ month/ spring, a few days ago, in 1998等时间状语以及when等连词 引导的时间状语从句连用。
5)用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见。
• • • • Am I to go on with the work? What are we to do next? The news is to be found in the evening paper. Such people are to be found everywhere.
用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（或今后 还要继续一去）的动作。 完成进行体是完成体和进行体的组合，因此，它具备完 成体和进行体的一些因素，如它具备进行体的“未完性、 暂时性、感情色彩”等特点。 • He has been learning English for 6 years.（从过去某一 时间开始学英语，强调到现在还在学）
2. 过去将来时的表达方法与一般将来时一样，只是有关动词要用过去时 形式。 3. was/were+不定式表示过去将来时间的安排，如果这个安排后来被取 消，没有实现，则用was/ were +to +have done表示。 • We were to have left at six last night. 虚拟语气
1. The plural forms of the words “photo” and “potato” are . 2. A group of (sheep) are eating (grass) and (leave) at the foot of the hill. 3. My family raise a lot of (cattle), including two (cow). 4. She is the only one among the (woman)(writer) who (write) stories for children. 5. The museum he paid a visit (stand) at the end of the street. 6. Her (blind) to her children's faluts (be) quite unusual. 7. The rest of the magazines (be) sold out within half (hour). 8. She wore clothes that (be) better than those of the other (girl). -ment -tion -ness the old 老人 the blind 盲人 the deaf 聋人
• She told me that she was to plant some trees in the yard.
1. 原型 + ing
• Ex: reading, watching 2.辅音+e~去 e + ing • Ex: write~writing, make~making
3. 元音+轻辅音 重复辅音字母 + ing
6)表示“可能，可以”， 相当于may, can
1. would/should+动词原形表从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或将 要存在的状态。通常用于其主语的谓语为过去时态的宾语从句中。
• • They asked me if I would go to Guangzhou soon. I told her I woul return the book in a few days.
现在完成进行时
过 去 完 成 时 过 去 进 行 时 现 在 完 成 时 现 在 进 行 时
将来完成进行时
将 来 完 成 时
将 来 进 行 时
一 般 过 去 时 过去将来时（在 过去讨论将来）
一 般 现 在 时
一 般 将 来 时
often, sometimes, seldom, always, every day/month/ year
3.代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动 。例如：The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚 滚向东流。The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。 4. 表示反复出现或习惯性动作，常表示不满、抱怨或赞赏等情感。常 与always, forever, all the time, continually, constantly等时间 副词连用, 如： He is always thinking of others first. He is always making the same mistake. 5.有些动词不用于进行时。 常见的有：exist, live, understand, mean, owe, belong to, know, doubt, suppose, remember, forget, believe, trust, want, wish, refuse, like, hate, dislike, prefer, mind, hope 等。
4.与always、frequently等副词连用，表示感情色彩。
• He was always asking his questions.
1）表示在将来某一时间或某一时段正在进行的动作；
• They will be meeting us at the station.
•
I will be seeing Mr Smith at that time.
1. 回顾过去（强调对现在的影响，已经做过了，不用再做了） 常与so far, in the past/ last few years, recently, lately, twice, for two years, how long, since (…ago) 用。
• Ex: sit~sitting, stop~stopping • forget的重音在get(后面)~forgetting 4. (多音节但重音在后) + 辅音 ~ 重复辅音字母 + ing • Ex: begin的重音在gin(后面)~beginning 浊辅音 5. ie 结尾~ 去ie + ying • Ex: die~dying, lie~lying
• • • • You are to report to the police. What is to be done?该做什么呢？ The letter is to be handed to him in person. The books in this room are not to be taken outside.
1.表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。 We are having an English lesson. 2.表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，但说话时不一定正在进行。 The workers are building a new factory. 3.有时可表示即将发生的动作（只限于go, come, stay, leave, start, begin, arrive, return, fly, drive等动词）这时常有一个表示 将来时间的状语。 He is working as a teacher tomorrow. 从明天起他要做老师。 My father is coming to see me this Saturday. 这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
1)(按计划或安排即将发生) = will • The boys are to go to school next week. • He and I are to meet at the Shanghai Railway Station.
2）表示“应该”，相当于should ,ought to ，