高一英语_虚拟语气用法讲解-
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Note : 有时不用条件状语从句, 而用介词短语, or, otherwise 或but 引导的并列句等来表示某种假设 的情况, 叫做含蓄条件句。
1 If he had not lost his money, he __ the piano last week. A would buy B had bought C bought D could have bought 2 If we were to be 200 years old, we __ everything. A will change B can change C could change D changed 3 If you __ that film last night, you would not be so sleepy now. A didn’t see B haven’t seen C wouldn’t seen D hadn’t seen
Fill in the blanks with proper forms: would had 1. If I ____ (have) more time,I___________ learn (learn)another foreign language. 2. If he ______ (be) here now , he____________ were (show) us how to perform the experiment. would show 3. If I ____________ (receive) your e –mail then, I had received ___________________ it . (answer)
would have failed If I had not studied hard, I _______________ in the _____________ exam. (not study, fail)
3. 与将来事实相反： did/were If 主语 + , should do were to do would /should/could/might do 主语+ ____________________________ sth. 1.If I were to/should ________________ live long enough to would choose have a job, I _______________ to be a doctor, helping these AIDS patients. (choose) 2.If there ____________ another flood, he should be might realize ______________ his mistake. (realize)
a serious mistake yesterday. ③ The naughty boy wishes his parents wouldn’t punish _______________(not punish) him again.
I were/did…现在/未来 3. would rather thatI had done… 过去 paid ① I would rather you ______(pay) me now. came ② Don’t come. I would rather you_______ tomorrow.
I did/were… (现在) 2. I wish I had done... (过去) I would/ could do (未来) were ① Now , I wish I ______(be) a bird.
时 态 倒 退 法
② She wishes she hadn’t made ____________(make) such
与过 去事实 相反的 假设
时态
构 主从 成句 虚拟条件从句(if…)
主 句 主语 + would/ should/ could/ might do
与将 来情况 相反的 假设
①If + 主语 + did ② If + 主语 +were to do ③ If + 主语 + should do
Practice
2. If 可能被省略,从句要倒装
1.Were she in charge (= If she were in charge) , she would do things differently. 2.Had I known your address (= If I had known your address) , I would have written before. 3.Should you change your mind (= If you should change your mind), no one would blame you.
③ I would rather you had gone (go) there _________
yesterday , too.
Part 3
1)as if / as though
as if / as though + past subjunctive
He talks about Rome as though he had been there himself.
在 command, order , require ,demand, request, insist, propose, suggest等动词 后面的宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用 (should) +动词原形 We suggest that we (should) have a meeting. We insisted that they (should) go with us.
用法归纳: 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
主从 成 句 时态 与现 在事实 相反的 假设 构
虚拟条件 从句(if …) If + 主语 + did (be用 were) If + 主语 + had done
来自百度文库主 句
主语 + would/ should/could/ might +do 主语 + would/ should/could/ might have done
had If I _____ time now, I _________ with you. (have would go go)
2. 与过去事实相反： had done If +主语+__________, 主语+ would/should/could __________________ /might have .done ___________
1．Without examinations，students today _______________ (live) a much happier life. would live 2.I was busy yesterday, or/otherwise I ____________________ (come) to help you. would have come 3 . H ecould_have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ succeeded, (succeed), but he was too careless.
should do 1.He suggested that we ________ it at once.(do)
7 ___ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A If were I B I were C Were I D Was I 8 Without the computer, the problem __ in such a short time. A couldn’t be solved B wouldn’t have solved C couldn’t have been solved 9 Without electricity, human life __ quite different today. A will be B would be C is
10/27/2013
用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生的情况， 而是一种愿望，建议，假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。
Part 1
在非真实条件状语从句中 If… … , … … 。 1. 与现在事实相反： If + 主语 +________ , 主语+ would/should/could/ ________________ did/were _________ . might do
4 You are late. If you __ a little minutes earlier, you __ him. A came, would meet B had come, would have met 5 But for the storm, we __ a pleasant journey. A should have B have had C would have D should have had 6 ___ earlier, I could have done something. A Have I been informed B Had I been informed C I had been informed
6. I ___________ (ask) him to ring you up if I would ask ____________________________ (see) him.
saw // should see // were to see
7. If you _____________ (get) back next week, we got//should get _________ (go) camping together.
would have answered
told//were to tell //should tell 5. If I _______________________ (tell) him tonight, would be he __________ (be) greatly surprised.
//were to tell would go
几种特殊情况 1. 错综时间条件句
1.If you had listened to me, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now. 2.If the doctor had come in time, Amy would still be alive. 3.If he had received six more votes, he would be our chairman now.
3.不含条件从句, 但有条件假设意义
1.Without your help, I couldn’t have achieved all this. ( If it hadn’t been for your help)
2.But for his pension, he would starve.
( If it were not for his pension)
记住：insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气 Insist 表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即 should do; Insist 表示“坚称，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事 实。 Suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。 Suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。
1 If he had not lost his money, he __ the piano last week. A would buy B had bought C bought D could have bought 2 If we were to be 200 years old, we __ everything. A will change B can change C could change D changed 3 If you __ that film last night, you would not be so sleepy now. A didn’t see B haven’t seen C wouldn’t seen D hadn’t seen
Fill in the blanks with proper forms: would had 1. If I ____ (have) more time,I___________ learn (learn)another foreign language. 2. If he ______ (be) here now , he____________ were (show) us how to perform the experiment. would show 3. If I ____________ (receive) your e –mail then, I had received ___________________ it . (answer)
would have failed If I had not studied hard, I _______________ in the _____________ exam. (not study, fail)
3. 与将来事实相反： did/were If 主语 + , should do were to do would /should/could/might do 主语+ ____________________________ sth. 1.If I were to/should ________________ live long enough to would choose have a job, I _______________ to be a doctor, helping these AIDS patients. (choose) 2.If there ____________ another flood, he should be might realize ______________ his mistake. (realize)
a serious mistake yesterday. ③ The naughty boy wishes his parents wouldn’t punish _______________(not punish) him again.
I were/did…现在/未来 3. would rather thatI had done… 过去 paid ① I would rather you ______(pay) me now. came ② Don’t come. I would rather you_______ tomorrow.
I did/were… (现在) 2. I wish I had done... (过去) I would/ could do (未来) were ① Now , I wish I ______(be) a bird.
时 态 倒 退 法
② She wishes she hadn’t made ____________(make) such
与过 去事实 相反的 假设
时态
构 主从 成句 虚拟条件从句(if…)
主 句 主语 + would/ should/ could/ might do
与将 来情况 相反的 假设
①If + 主语 + did ② If + 主语 +were to do ③ If + 主语 + should do
Practice
2. If 可能被省略,从句要倒装
1.Were she in charge (= If she were in charge) , she would do things differently. 2.Had I known your address (= If I had known your address) , I would have written before. 3.Should you change your mind (= If you should change your mind), no one would blame you.
③ I would rather you had gone (go) there _________
yesterday , too.
Part 3
1)as if / as though
as if / as though + past subjunctive
He talks about Rome as though he had been there himself.
在 command, order , require ,demand, request, insist, propose, suggest等动词 后面的宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用 (should) +动词原形 We suggest that we (should) have a meeting. We insisted that they (should) go with us.
用法归纳: 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
主从 成 句 时态 与现 在事实 相反的 假设 构
虚拟条件 从句(if …) If + 主语 + did (be用 were) If + 主语 + had done
来自百度文库主 句
主语 + would/ should/could/ might +do 主语 + would/ should/could/ might have done
had If I _____ time now, I _________ with you. (have would go go)
2. 与过去事实相反： had done If +主语+__________, 主语+ would/should/could __________________ /might have .done ___________
1．Without examinations，students today _______________ (live) a much happier life. would live 2.I was busy yesterday, or/otherwise I ____________________ (come) to help you. would have come 3 . H ecould_have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ succeeded, (succeed), but he was too careless.
should do 1.He suggested that we ________ it at once.(do)
7 ___ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A If were I B I were C Were I D Was I 8 Without the computer, the problem __ in such a short time. A couldn’t be solved B wouldn’t have solved C couldn’t have been solved 9 Without electricity, human life __ quite different today. A will be B would be C is
10/27/2013
用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生的情况， 而是一种愿望，建议，假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。
Part 1
在非真实条件状语从句中 If… … , … … 。 1. 与现在事实相反： If + 主语 +________ , 主语+ would/should/could/ ________________ did/were _________ . might do
4 You are late. If you __ a little minutes earlier, you __ him. A came, would meet B had come, would have met 5 But for the storm, we __ a pleasant journey. A should have B have had C would have D should have had 6 ___ earlier, I could have done something. A Have I been informed B Had I been informed C I had been informed
6. I ___________ (ask) him to ring you up if I would ask ____________________________ (see) him.
saw // should see // were to see
7. If you _____________ (get) back next week, we got//should get _________ (go) camping together.
would have answered
told//were to tell //should tell 5. If I _______________________ (tell) him tonight, would be he __________ (be) greatly surprised.
//were to tell would go
几种特殊情况 1. 错综时间条件句
1.If you had listened to me, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now. 2.If the doctor had come in time, Amy would still be alive. 3.If he had received six more votes, he would be our chairman now.
3.不含条件从句, 但有条件假设意义
1.Without your help, I couldn’t have achieved all this. ( If it hadn’t been for your help)
2.But for his pension, he would starve.
( If it were not for his pension)
记住：insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气 Insist 表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即 should do; Insist 表示“坚称，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事 实。 Suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。 Suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。