7被动语态讲解+练习+答案
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（三）复合宾语的被动语态： 若主动语态的句子为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”则变为“宾作主，
宾补变主补” I asked him to help me with my English. →He was asked to help me with my English.
注意：感觉动词和使役动词在主动句中其后的动词不定式不带to，但变 被动句时to必须还原。
被动语态讲解
一、基本情况：英语的语态有主动语态和被动语态两种，主动语态表示 主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
二、构成： 陈述句：主语+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（be有人称、数和时态的变化）
肯定句：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词 否定句：主语+be+not+及物动词的过去分词 一般疑问句：Be+主语+及物动词的过去分词+? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问式+？ 三、被动语态的用法：
The pen costs five yuan. Cold weather lasts long. This kind of dictionary sells well. 3. 当宾语和谓语是一个不可分割的整体时。
We had a swim in the river yesterday. The teacher walked into the classroom. 4. 当宾语为动词不定式或Ving时。
A. is going to discuss B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built
The boss made her work for 16 hours a day. →She was made to work for 16 hours by her boss a day. 类似的词有：ask, tell, invent, except, warn, advise, make, let, hear, see, watch, feel, notice. 但类似see sb. doing sth.的句子时则这样变： I hear him reading in the room. →He was heard reading in the room by me.
The dictionary belongs to me. The meeting will take place next Monday. =The meeting will be held next Monday. 2．表状态的动词（cost; last; take have; sell; fit; become 等）不能用于被动语态 。
He looks worried. The flowers smell good.
被动语态练习
Ⅰ单项选择
1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed B. should be read
C. must read D. ought to read
A lot of books are kept in our school library. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态： 构成：主语+助动词was/were+及物动词的过去分词
A thief was caught last night. They were asked to speak at the meeting. 3. 现在进行时的被动语态： 构成：主语+助动词am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词 A new library is being put up in the school now. The machines are being repaired. 4. 一般将来时的被动语态： 构成：主语+will/be going to +be+及物动词的过去分词 The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008. 现在完成时的被动语态： 构成：主语+have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词 My bag has been stolen. This airport has never been used. (二)、双宾语的被动语态： （1） 含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时， 常把那个指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语； （2）也可把指物的直接宾语用作主语，但此时必须在间接宾语前面加上 介词to或for。 1. He gave me a pen. →I was given a pen by him. →A pen was given to me by him. 2. She drew them a picture yesterday. →They were drawn a picture yesterday. →A picture was drawn for them yesterday. 注意：give, pass, lend, write, show tell 等动词后的介词用to draw, buy, make, find, cook, keep等动词后的介词用for
7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up
8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked B. looked after
C. were looked after D. looked
3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened
(六)、以下情况的主动语态不能变为被动语态： 不及物动词及部分短语动词词组(take place; happen; break out; belong to)没有被动语态，因为没有宾语可变作主语。
The story happened in 1999. A fire broke out in his house.
C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen
4. When____ the accident _____ ?
A. was, happen B. did, happen
C. is, happen D. was, happened
5. The question ____ by us soon.
时
going to be+过 sometime next week. 这部电影下周
去分词
的某个时候又将上映。
情态动词 情态动词
例1：Tables can be made of stone.桌
+be+过去分词 子可由石头制造。
（其时态及句 例2：Tables could be made of stone at
（四）、短语动词的被动语态： 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态。但要注意，短语
动词是一个不可分割的词组，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉词组末尾 的介词或副词。
1. The teachers take good care of the children. →The children are taken good care of (by the teachers). 2. They have sent for the doctor. →The doctor has been sent for.
或处所及方位之类时。
The coat cost 100 yuan.（表数量） I paid ten yuan for the dictionary. 7. 当系动词作谓语时。（look, seem, sound, smell, taste,
feel, get, turn, become, keep, is, fall等）
告。
现在完成 have/has
The flowers have been watered.这些花
时
been+过去分词 已经被浇了。
过去完成 had been+过去 She said this lift had never b/should/be The film would be shown again
(五)、含有情动词的被动语态：(had better, would like, have to, be able to, be going to) 构成：“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”
We must plant trees. →Trees must be planted. 肯定句：Books can be taken out of the library. 否定句：Books can’t be taken out of the library. 疑问句：Can books be taken out of the library?
型的变化仅由 that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。
情态动词完
（一般过去时）
成，"be+过去分 例3：Can tables be made of stone? 桌
词"部分不变） 子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
五、各种形式的被动语态： （一）、各种时态的被动语态：
1． 一般现在进行时的被动语态： 构成：主语+助动词am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
The workers make machines in this factory.
主语
谓语 宾语
其他成分
Machines are made by the workers in this factory.
主语
谓语
by的宾语
知识点2：被动语态在各种时态下的构成
其他成分
时态
结构
例句
一般现在 am/is/are +过去 We are taught English by her.由她教
时
分词
我们英语。
一般过去 was/were+过去 A present was given to me by Mary.玛
时
分词
丽给了我一件礼物。
一般将来 will/shall/be
The desk will be mended by him.这张
时
going to be+过 桌子将由他修理。
去分词
I want to write a letter. She finished reading the book. 5. 当宾语是反身代词或相互代词时。
You should take care of yourself. They often help each other. 6. 当宾语起状语作用时，表示数量、长度、大小、程度、地点、
现在进行 am/is/are +being The walls are being painted now.正在
时
+ 过去分词
粉刷墙壁。
过去进行 was/were +being The talk was being given at this time
时
+ 过去分词
yesterday.昨天这个时候正在作报
1． 不知道动作的执行者是谁。 2． 没有必要指出动作的执行者。 3． 只需强调动作的承受者。 四、主动语态变被动语态的基本步骤： 1.将主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语， 主动语态中的主语变为被动语态中的介词by的宾语. 2.将主动语态中的谓语动词变成 “助动词be+该动词的过去分词”注意 时态不变。 3.助动词要与新的主语保持“数”的一致；若主语和宾语是人称代词 时，“格”应作相应的变化。如：
宾补变主补” I asked him to help me with my English. →He was asked to help me with my English.
注意：感觉动词和使役动词在主动句中其后的动词不定式不带to，但变 被动句时to必须还原。
被动语态讲解
一、基本情况：英语的语态有主动语态和被动语态两种，主动语态表示 主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
二、构成： 陈述句：主语+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（be有人称、数和时态的变化）
肯定句：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词 否定句：主语+be+not+及物动词的过去分词 一般疑问句：Be+主语+及物动词的过去分词+? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问式+？ 三、被动语态的用法：
The pen costs five yuan. Cold weather lasts long. This kind of dictionary sells well. 3. 当宾语和谓语是一个不可分割的整体时。
We had a swim in the river yesterday. The teacher walked into the classroom. 4. 当宾语为动词不定式或Ving时。
A. is going to discuss B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built
The boss made her work for 16 hours a day. →She was made to work for 16 hours by her boss a day. 类似的词有：ask, tell, invent, except, warn, advise, make, let, hear, see, watch, feel, notice. 但类似see sb. doing sth.的句子时则这样变： I hear him reading in the room. →He was heard reading in the room by me.
The dictionary belongs to me. The meeting will take place next Monday. =The meeting will be held next Monday. 2．表状态的动词（cost; last; take have; sell; fit; become 等）不能用于被动语态 。
He looks worried. The flowers smell good.
被动语态练习
Ⅰ单项选择
1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed B. should be read
C. must read D. ought to read
A lot of books are kept in our school library. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态： 构成：主语+助动词was/were+及物动词的过去分词
A thief was caught last night. They were asked to speak at the meeting. 3. 现在进行时的被动语态： 构成：主语+助动词am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词 A new library is being put up in the school now. The machines are being repaired. 4. 一般将来时的被动语态： 构成：主语+will/be going to +be+及物动词的过去分词 The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008. 现在完成时的被动语态： 构成：主语+have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词 My bag has been stolen. This airport has never been used. (二)、双宾语的被动语态： （1） 含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时， 常把那个指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语； （2）也可把指物的直接宾语用作主语，但此时必须在间接宾语前面加上 介词to或for。 1. He gave me a pen. →I was given a pen by him. →A pen was given to me by him. 2. She drew them a picture yesterday. →They were drawn a picture yesterday. →A picture was drawn for them yesterday. 注意：give, pass, lend, write, show tell 等动词后的介词用to draw, buy, make, find, cook, keep等动词后的介词用for
7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up
8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked B. looked after
C. were looked after D. looked
3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened
(六)、以下情况的主动语态不能变为被动语态： 不及物动词及部分短语动词词组(take place; happen; break out; belong to)没有被动语态，因为没有宾语可变作主语。
The story happened in 1999. A fire broke out in his house.
C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen
4. When____ the accident _____ ?
A. was, happen B. did, happen
C. is, happen D. was, happened
5. The question ____ by us soon.
时
going to be+过 sometime next week. 这部电影下周
去分词
的某个时候又将上映。
情态动词 情态动词
例1：Tables can be made of stone.桌
+be+过去分词 子可由石头制造。
（其时态及句 例2：Tables could be made of stone at
（四）、短语动词的被动语态： 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态。但要注意，短语
动词是一个不可分割的词组，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉词组末尾 的介词或副词。
1. The teachers take good care of the children. →The children are taken good care of (by the teachers). 2. They have sent for the doctor. →The doctor has been sent for.
或处所及方位之类时。
The coat cost 100 yuan.（表数量） I paid ten yuan for the dictionary. 7. 当系动词作谓语时。（look, seem, sound, smell, taste,
feel, get, turn, become, keep, is, fall等）
告。
现在完成 have/has
The flowers have been watered.这些花
时
been+过去分词 已经被浇了。
过去完成 had been+过去 She said this lift had never b/should/be The film would be shown again
(五)、含有情动词的被动语态：(had better, would like, have to, be able to, be going to) 构成：“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”
We must plant trees. →Trees must be planted. 肯定句：Books can be taken out of the library. 否定句：Books can’t be taken out of the library. 疑问句：Can books be taken out of the library?
型的变化仅由 that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。
情态动词完
（一般过去时）
成，"be+过去分 例3：Can tables be made of stone? 桌
词"部分不变） 子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
五、各种形式的被动语态： （一）、各种时态的被动语态：
1． 一般现在进行时的被动语态： 构成：主语+助动词am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
The workers make machines in this factory.
主语
谓语 宾语
其他成分
Machines are made by the workers in this factory.
主语
谓语
by的宾语
知识点2：被动语态在各种时态下的构成
其他成分
时态
结构
例句
一般现在 am/is/are +过去 We are taught English by her.由她教
时
分词
我们英语。
一般过去 was/were+过去 A present was given to me by Mary.玛
时
分词
丽给了我一件礼物。
一般将来 will/shall/be
The desk will be mended by him.这张
时
going to be+过 桌子将由他修理。
去分词
I want to write a letter. She finished reading the book. 5. 当宾语是反身代词或相互代词时。
You should take care of yourself. They often help each other. 6. 当宾语起状语作用时，表示数量、长度、大小、程度、地点、
现在进行 am/is/are +being The walls are being painted now.正在
时
+ 过去分词
粉刷墙壁。
过去进行 was/were +being The talk was being given at this time
时
+ 过去分词
yesterday.昨天这个时候正在作报
1． 不知道动作的执行者是谁。 2． 没有必要指出动作的执行者。 3． 只需强调动作的承受者。 四、主动语态变被动语态的基本步骤： 1.将主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语， 主动语态中的主语变为被动语态中的介词by的宾语. 2.将主动语态中的谓语动词变成 “助动词be+该动词的过去分词”注意 时态不变。 3.助动词要与新的主语保持“数”的一致；若主语和宾语是人称代词 时，“格”应作相应的变化。如：