大学英语精读文本2册1-2单元
大学英语精读2课文翻译全
大学英语精读2课文翻译全Unit 1 XXX Party一场激烈的争论关于男人是否比女人更勇敢，最终以一种出人意料的方式解决了。
故事的背景是在印度，据说这个故事在当地仍然广为流传。
但实际上，这个故事并不是真的。
有人告诉我，在第一次世界大战之前，一家杂志曾刊登过这个故事，但是我一直未能找到那篇文章。
在这个故事中，一对殖民地官员和他们的客人在家中举行盛大的晚宴。
餐桌设在宽敞的餐厅里，地板是大理石的，没有铺地毯，屋顶上的椽子裸露着，宽大的玻璃门通向走廊。
客人包括军官和他们的夫人，还有一位来访的美国博物学家。
在晚宴上，一位年轻女士和一位少校展开了激烈的讨论。
女士认为，现代女性已经不像过去那样害怕老鼠了，而少校则不同意。
他认为，女人在遇到危险时会尖叫，而男人则会更加冷静。
在场的美国博物学家没有参加讨论，他只是静静地观察着其他客人。
突然间，他注意到女主人的表情有些奇怪。
她盯着前方，脸部肌肉在微微抽搐。
她向站在座椅后面的印度男仆做了个手势，对他耳语了几句。
男仆两眼睁得的，迅速地离开了餐室。
只有美国博物学家注意到这一幕，其他人都没有察觉到。
他意识到，碗中的牛奶是用来引蛇的诱饵。
他抬头看了看屋顶上的椽子，但是那里没有蛇。
室内的三个角落也没有蛇，而在第四个角落里，仆人们正在等着上下一道菜。
这样，剩下的唯一可能藏蛇的地方就是餐桌下面。
他想要往后一跳并向其他人发出警告，但他知道这样会引起骚乱，使眼镜蛇受惊咬人。
于是他讲了一通话，语气非常威严，使所有人都安静了下来。
“我想了解一下在座的诸位到底有多大的克制力，我数三百下，也就是五分钟，你们谁都不许动一动。
动者将罚款五十卢比。
准备好！”在我等待进大学的时候，我在一份地方报纸上看到了一则广告，说是在伦敦某郊区，距离我家约十英里的地方有一所学校正在招聘教师。
由于手头很拮据，同时也想做点有用的事情，我便提出了申请。
然而，我也担心自己没有学位，没有教学经验，得到这份工作的可能性微乎其微。
大学英语精读2 中英对照
没人能呼吸这种空气而生存。”
“What does this mean as far as our flying saucer program is concerned?”
“这对我们的飞蝶计划意味着什么呢？”
从此卫星便一直不断地发回信号和照片。
The satellite was directed into an area known as Manhattan
卫星被发射到一个叫曼哈顿的地区
(named after the great Venusian astronomer Prof. Manhattan,
based on last week's satellite landing ,”Prof. Zog said,
根据一周进行的卫星地球着陆，”佐格教授说，
that there is no life on Earth.”
地球上不存在生命现象。”
“How do you know this?”
For the first time Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the planet Earth,
那里的科学家首次成功地将一颗卫星送上了地球，
and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.
“何以见得呢？”
the science reporter of the Venus Evening Star asked.
现代大学英语(第二版) 精读2 第1单元知识点
Unit 1Text A Another School Year—What For?Part 1 BackgroundⅠ. About the author: John Ciardi (1916-1986)A. His life:◆a child of Italian immigrants, Boston◆Began his career teaching English at the University of Kansas City◆Joined the US Air Force in 1942, served as a gunner in fighter planes◆went on to teach at Harvard University in 1946◆in 1953 accepted a position at Rutgers University◆in 1961, gave up teaching and devoted himself to his own literary endeavorsB. His influence:◆Poet, translator, etymologist◆Major works:➢First book of poems, Homeward to America, 1940➢Other Skies, focusing on his war-time experience, 1947➢How Does a Poem Mean, a standard textbook for high school and college poetry courses ➢Translation of Dante’s Divine Comedy (The Inferno, 1954; The Purgatorio, 1961; The Paradiso, 1970)◆Influence:➢ A very popular poet➢Poetry editor of Saturday Review from 1956 to 1972➢Fellow of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences and a member and former president of the National Institute of Arts and LettersII. Genre◆Orientation speechperiod of time at the beginning of the academic year at a university during which a variety of events are held to orient and welcome new students. The orientation helps new students to organize their classes, acclimate to student life, and introduce themselves to other new students. Speeches are often given at orientation by presidents or acclaimed professors of the university.◆Audience: College freshmen◆Style: colloquial, familiar; first humorous, mildly sarcastic; later serious and earnestPart 2 Word Study1．accomplishment n.①achievement 成就；成绩Books are man’s peculiar accomplishment. (para.12) 书本是人类特有的成就。
大学英语精读第二册听力原文Unit2
大学英语精读第二册听力原文Unit2Unit 2 Part A Exercise 1 1.M: Hello.W: Hello, is that you, Tom?M: Sorry, but nobody by that name lives here. W: Oh, I’m so sorry.Q: Whom does the woman want?Tom. 2. M Hello. W Hello, George. M Who?W Oh, is George in?M Sorry. We have no George here. W Is this 793-5141?M No, it isn’t. I think you have the wrong number. W Oh, I’m sorry.Q Why does the woman say sorry? She has dialed the wrong number. 3. M Hello.W Hello. Can I speak to Alan? M Who did you say you want? W Alan.M What number did you want? W 321-9645.M But this is 321-6949. W Oh, sorry.Q What number did the woman want? 321-9645 4. M Hello.W Hello. Is Sylvia there? M Sorry. She’s not in right now. W Oh, are you her brother Mike? M Yes. Who’s calling?W This is Monica. Can I leave a message with you? M OK.Q Who is Monica. Can I leave a message with you?Monica 5. M Hello, this is Dr Baker speaking. Is that Mrs. Jones?W No, this is her sister. Can I take a message? M Yes, please.Q Who answered the phone? Mrs. Jones’sister. Exercise 2 1. M HelloW Hello, can I speak to Anne, please?M Sorry. She’s not in right now. Would you like to leave a message? W Yes, please. My name is Nancy Davis. M Nancy Davis.W Yes, and my phone number is 914-6520. M Did you say 6502?W No, 6520. Could you ask Anne to call me back tonight? M OK. I’ll give her the message as soon as she comes in. W Thanks. M You’re welcome. Message:1. Nancy Davis 2. 914-6520 3. Call Nancy back 2 W Hello.M Hello. I’d like to speak to Frank, please.W Oh, Frank’s not back from the office yet. Can I take a message? M Yes, please. My name is Peter. W Peter?M Yes, that’s right. And my number is 614-5533. W 614-5533M Please tell Frank I’ll meet him tomorrow at 12 at the Foreign Languages Bookstore. W 12 o’clock at the bookstore. OK, I’ll tell him. Message: 1. Peter 2. ***-*****. 3. Meet Peter tomorrow at 12 at the Foreign Languages Bookstore. Part B Conversation 1 Is Anna There? Jack Hello.Pat Hello. Is Anna there? Jack No. I’m sorry Anna is out. Pat Is that you, Tom?Jack No, I’m not Tom. I’m Jack. I’m Anna’s br other.Pat Oh! I’m sorry. I think Anna has told me about you. She said her brother is coming to spend the summer holiday at her place. That must be you. Jack Yes. I’ll be here for two weeks.Pat That’s great. Well, could you please leave Anna a mes sage for me? Jack Sure. What is it?Pat Well, Anna and I are going to meet for tea at my home. Would you ask her to see if she has my French dictionary? If she does, tell her to bring it along. The address is 164, Rose Avenue, in case she has forgotten. Jack All right. And you are? Pat I’m Anna’s friend Pat.Jack Thank you for calling, Pat. I’ll let her know that you called.Pat Thank you. By the way, would you like to come along with Anna? I’d like to introduce you to my brother.Jack That’s very nice of you. But I have to go to the bank this afternoon Pat That’s a pity. But we’ll see you some other time, won’t we? Jack I don’t know. Maybe. Pat Thank you again, Tom. Jack But I’m not Tom. I’m Jack! Pat I’m so sorry, Jack.Exercise 11. c. Pat wants to know if Anna has her French dictionary.2. c. He has some business to attend to this afternoon.3. d. She is inviting Jack to tea out of politeness. Exercise 2 1. be out. 2. Jack Tom 3. leave Annaa message 4. 164, Rose Avenue.1. he wanted to speak to Anna.2. No, she was not in.3. Anna’s brother Jack answered the phone.4. He had come to spend the summer holiday at her place.5. He would stay for two weeks.6. Pat asked Jack to ask Anna if she had her French dictionary. If she did, Pat wanted her tobring it along when she came to Pat’s place for tea that afternoon.7. Pat invited Jack to come along with Anna for tea. 8. She wanted to introduce Jack to her brother.9. No, he was not free in the afternoon. He had to go to the bank.Conversation 2I’m a friend of Alice WilsonJohn Brown has been transferred to work in a town where he has no friends. However, his friend Alice Wilson has suggested that he phone her friend Betty Smith and ask for her advice about finding somewhere to live. Betty Hello? Betty Smith here.John Oh, Mrs. Smith, my name’s John Brown. You don’t know me, but I’m a friend of Alice Wilson. Betty Oh, yes?John When I told Alice I was coming to live here she gave your name, and suggested that I give you a ring. I was wondering if youcould give me some advice. Betty I’ll be pleased to if I can. What can I do for you?John Well, I’m looking for a place to live. Alice thought that as you’re an estate agent you might know of som ewhere suitable.Betty Yes, I think I can help you. Why don’t you come round and see me? Do you know where my office is?John Yes, I’ve got the address.Betty Good. Where are you now? I’m at the post office now.John Oh, well, that’s just a ten minute walk from my office. Come round and see me now. John Thank you very much. Betty Not at all.1. c. From the post office.2. b. To an estate agent’s office.3. c. He doesn’t know to find a suitable place tolive. Exercise 21. give a ring advice2. find Brown somewhere suitable to live an estate agent3. meet and talk to each other at her office4. ten- minute walk Part C A B1. He was transferred to work in a town where he fad no friends.2. He called Betty Smith.3. she is an estate agent.4. He got to know her name from Alice Wilson, who is a friend to both of them.5. he wanted to ask for her advice about finding somewhere to live.6. Yes, she was very willing to help.7. She asked him to come and see her right away at her office. Part D W Hello?M Vicki? Is that you? W Uh-huh. Who’s this? M It’s Randy. W Randy? Randy who?M What do you mean, “Randy who?” Randy Goodman, of course. W Oh. I’m sorry.M Yes. We had a date last night. Where were you? I waited for two hours. W Oh, I’m sorry, Randy. I couldn’t come. M Couldn’t come!Why not? W Well, I had to wash my hair.M Wash your hair! Why don’t you call me?W I wanted to call you, but―uh―couldn’t remember your phone number. M It’s in the phone book.W Yes, of course, but―uh―couldn’t remember your last name. M Oh……But why did you have to wash your hair last night? W Well, I had to do it because I’m going to see a play tonight. M To see a play? With who?W George. George Greenwood, my boss’s s on. M I see.W He asked me yesterday, and I couldn’t say no. Exercise 1. d. Friends.2. c. She had wash her hair.d. She said she couldn’t say no t。
杨立民《现代大学英语精读（2）》（第2版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】
目 录Unit 1一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 2一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 3一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 4一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 5一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 6一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 7一、练习答案Unit 8一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 9一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 10一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 11一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 12一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 13一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 14一、练习答案Unit 15一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 16一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 1一、词汇短语Text Adisaster [di5zB:stE] n.灾难，灾祸；不幸【例句】These difficulties are caused by natural disasters. 这些困难都是由自然灾害造成的。
【助记】dis（不，没有）+aster（星星）→星星消失了，难道预示着灾难的来临？谐音“点扎死他”，灾难。
semester [si5mestE] n.学期；半年【例句】His writing has improved greatly in this semester. 这学期他的写作有了很大进步。
【助记】seme（看作semi半）+s+ ter（看作terra学期）→半学期beanpole [5bi:npEul] n.（插在地上供豆茎攀缘的）支竿，瘦长之人【例句】Li Ling’s elder sister is short and overweight while her younger sister is a beanpole.李玲的姐姐是个矮胖墩儿，可她妹妹却是个细高个儿。
大学英语精读第二册课件Unit1
大学英语精读第二册课件Unit1 Unit 1 Part I New wordsheated a. 被加热的、热烈的、激烈的a heated swimming pool 温水泳池heated discussion 激烈的讨论She had a heated argument with an official. 她和一位官员激烈地争论。
heat n. 热，高温v. 变热，使变热She is sensitive to both heat and cold. 它对热冷都很敏感。
The room faces north and is difficult to heat. 房间朝北，不易变暖。
unexpected a. 意料不到的;突然的His death was totally unexpected. 他死得太突然。
He is an unexpected guest to her. 对于她来说, 他可是位不速之客。
expect vt. 预计…可能发生，预料，期望，盼望we expect great things of you. 我们对你抱有很高的期望。
She expects to fail the exam. 她预料(认为)无法通过考试。
expected料到会有的an expected increase in prices 料到会涨价be (only) to be expected可以预料;相当正常A little tiredness after taking these drugs is to be expected. 服用这些药以后觉得有点疲倦是正常的。
I?m afraid I?m very nervous.? …Don?t worry, that?s only to be expected.? “ 我怕自己太紧张了。
”“别担心，这是正常的。
”naturalist n. 博物学家;博物学研究者;自然主义者 nature, naturalshortly ad. 立刻，马上;不久The flight was hijacked shortly after takeoff (it took off). 飞机在起飞不久遭到劫持。
大学英语精读第二册课件Unit2
Unit 2Part I New Wordsdeclaration n. 宣布，宣告，宣言，声明a declaration of independence 独立宣言The government will issue a formal declaration tomorrow. 政府将于明天发布正式声明。
declare v. 断言，宣称He declared (that) he was right. 他力陈他是对的。
He declared his true feelings to her. 他向她表白了自己的真实感情。
independence n. 独立；自主；自立I've always valued my independence. 我一向很重视自己的独立。
I-Day 美国独立纪念日(7月4日)Young people have more independence these days. 现在的年轻人更加独立自主。
independent a. 自主的；独立的India became independent in 1947. 印度于1947年独立。
I wanted to remain independent in old age. 我希望年老时还能自给自足(独立生活)。
obtain v. 得到，获得；行，得到公认，应用Where can I obtain the book? 我在哪里能买到（得到）这本书?These ideas no longer obtain. 这些见解已经行不通了。
Different laws obtain in different places. 不同的法律适用在不同的地方。
besides prep./ad. 除…以外（还）；而且，也He had other people to take care of besides me. 除了我以外, 他还需要照料其他人。
I don't want to go; besides, I'm too tired. 我不想去, 再说我也太累了。
现代大学英语精读2unit1-2课后翻译
Unit 1课后习题翻译：1、我们像在暖房里种花那样养孩子是错误的。
我们必须让他们接触各种社会问题，因为不久他们就将作为公民来应对这些问题。
It is wrong to rear children the way we grow flowers in the greenhouse, we must expose them to(put exposure to) all kinds of social problems/issue, for/because soon they will face/deal with /handle problems as a responsible citizen.2、随着时间的推移，我们不可避免地会越来越多的卷入国际事务。
而冲突必然会发生，因为国家之间总有不同的观点和利益。
As time goes by /on we will inevitably get more and more involved in international affairs. Conflicts are sure to take place.3、我们为我们的成就而骄傲，我们有理由感到骄傲。
但是我们永远不能变得狂妄，不然我们就会失去我们的朋友。
We are proud of our accomplishment/achievement, and we have every reason to be so. Nevertheless we should never become arrogant; or/otherwise we will lose our friends.4、信息现在唾手可得。
一个普通的电脑就能储存一个普通图书馆的信息。
Information nowadays is easily available. An averagecomputer can store the information of an ordinary library.5、那家建筑公司没有资格操作这个项目。
现代大学英语精读2课文
Unit1Another School Year — What ForLet me tell you one of the earliest disasters in my career as a teacher. It was January of 1940 and I was fresh out of graduate school starting my first semester at the University of Kansas City. Part of the student body was a beanpole with hair on top who came into my class, sat down, folded his arms, and looked at me as if to say "All right, teach me something." Two weeks later we started Hamlet. Three weeks later he came into my office with his hands on his hips. "Look," he said, "I came here to be a pharmacist. Why do I have to read this stuff" And not having a book of his own to point to, he pointed to mine which was lying on the desk.New as I was to the faculty, I could have told this specimen a number of things. I could have pointed out that he had enrolled, not in a drugstore-mechanics school, but in a college and that at the end of his course meant to reach for a scroll that read Bachelor of Science. It would not read: Qualified Pill-Grinding Technician. It would certify that he had specialized in pharmacy, but it would further certify that he had been exposed to some of the ideas mankind has generated within its history. That is to say, he had not entered a technical training schoolbut a university and in universities students enroll for both training and education.I could have told him all this, but it was fairly obvious he wasn't going to be around long enough for it to matter. Nevertheless, I was young and I had a high sense of duty and I tried to put it this way: "For the rest of your life," I said, "your days are going to average out to about twenty-four hours. They will be a little shorter when you are in love, and a little longer when you are out of love, but the average will tend to hold. For eight of these hours, more or less, you will be asleep.""Then for about eight hours of each working day you will, I hope, be usefully employed. Assume you have gone through pharmacy school —or engineering, or law school, or whatever —during those eight hours you will be using your professional skills. You will see to it that the cyanide stays out of the aspirin, that the bull doesn't jump the fence, or that your client doesn't go to the electric chair as a result of your incompetence. These are all useful pursuits. They involve skills every man must respect, and they can all bring you basic satisfactions. Along with everything else, they will probably be what puts food on your table, supports your wife, and rearsyour children. They will be your income, and may it always suffice.""But having finished the day's work, what do you do with those other eight hours Let's say you go home to your family. What sort of family are you raising Will the children ever be exposed to a reasonably penetrating idea at home Will you be presiding over a family that maintains some contact with the great democratic intellect Will there be a book in the house Will there be a painting a reasonably sensitive man can look at without shuddering Will the kids ever get to hear Bach" That is about what I said, but this particular pest was not interested. "Look," he said, "you professors raise your kids your way; I'll take care of my own. Me, I'm out to make money." "I hope you make a lot of it," I told him, "because you're going to be badly stuck for something to do when you're not signing checks."Fourteen years later I am still teaching, and I am here to tell you that the business of the college is not only to train you, but to put you in touch with what the best human minds have thought. If you have no time for Shakespeare, for a basic look at philosophy, for the continuity of the fine arts, for that lesson of man's development we call history — then you haveno business being in college. You are on your way to being that new species of mechanized savage, the push-button Neanderthal. Our colleges inevitably graduate a number of such life forms, but it cannot be said that they went to college; rather the college went through them — without making contact.No one gets to be a human being unaided. There is not time enough in a single lifetime to invent for oneself everything one needs to know in order to be a civilized human.Assume, for example, that you want to be a physicist. You pass the great stone halls of, say, M. I. T., and there cut into the stone are the names of the scientists. The chances are that few, if any, of you will leave your names to be cut into those stones. Yet any of you who managed to stay awake through part of a high school course in physics, knows more about physics than did many of those great scholars of the past. You know more because they left you what they knew, because you can start from what the past learned for you.And as this is true of the techniques of mankind, so it is true of mankind's spiritual resources. Most of these resources, both technical and spiritual, are stored in books. Books are man's peculiar accomplishment. When you have read a book, you have added to your human experience. Read Homer and your mindincludes a piece of Homer's mind. Through books you can acquire at least fragments of the mind and experience of Virgil, Dante, Shakespeare —the list is endless. For a great book is necessarily a gift; it offers you a life you have not the time to live yourself, and it takes you into a world you have not the time to travel in literal time. A civilized mind is, in essence, one that contains many such lives and many such worlds. If you are too much in a hurry, or too arrogantly proud of your own limitations, to accept as a gift to your humanity some pieces of the minds of Aristotle, or Chaucer, or Einstein, you are neither a developed human nor a useful citizen of a democracy.I think it was La Rochefoucauld who said that most people would never fall in love if they hadn't read about it. He might have said that no one would ever manage to become human if they hadn't read about it.I speak, I'm sure, for the faculty of the liberal arts college and for the faculties of the specialized schools as well, when I say that a university has no real existence and no real purpose except as it succeeds in putting you in touch, both as specialists and as humans, with those human minds your human mind needs to include. The faculty, by its very existence, saysimplicitly: "We have been aided by many people, and by many books, in our attempt to make ourselves some sort of storehouse of human experience. We are here to make available to you, as best we can, that expertise."Unit2Maheegun My BrotherThe year I found Maheegun, spring was late in coming. That day, I was spearing fish with my grandfather when I heard the faint crying and found the shivering wolf cub.As I bent down, he moved weakly toward me. I picked him up and put him inside my jacket. Little Maheegun gained strength after I got the first few drops of warm milk in him. He wiggled and soon he was full and warm.My grandfather finally agreed to let me keep him.That year, which was my 14th, was the happiest of my life. Not that we didn't have our troubles. Maheegun was the most mischievous wolf cub ever. He was curious too. Like looking into Grandma's sewing basket — which he upset, scattering thread and buttons all over the floor. At such times, she would chase him out with a broom and Maheegun would poke his head around the corner, waiting for things to quiet down.That summer Maheegun and I became hunting partners. We hunted the grasshoppers that leaped about like little rockets. And in the fall, after the first snow our games took us to the nearest meadows in search of field mice. By then, Maheegun was half grown. Gone was the puppy-wool coat. In its place was a handsome black mantle.The winter months that came soon after were the happiest I could remember. They belonged only to Maheegun and myself. Often we would make a fire in the bushes. Maheegun would lay his head between his front paws, with his eyes on me as I told him stories. It all served to fog my mind with pleasure so that I forgot my Grandpa's repeated warnings, and one night left Maheegun unchained. The following morning in sailed Mrs. Yesno, wild with anger, who demanded Maheegun be shot because he had killed her rooster. The next morning, my grandpa announced that we were going to take Maheegun to the north shack.By the time we reached the lake where the trapper's shack stood, Maheegun seemed to have become restless. Often he would sit with his nose to the sky, turning his head this way and that as if to check the wind.The warmth of the stove soon brought sleep to me. But something caused me to wake up with a start. I sat up, and in themoon-flooded cabin was my grandfather standing beside me. "Come and see, son," whispered my grandfather.Outside the moon was full and the world looked all white with snow. He pointed to a rock that stood high at the edge of the lake. On the top was the clear outline of a great wolf sitting still, ears pointed, alert, listening."Maheegun," whispered my grandfather.Slowly the wolf raised his muzzle. "Oooo-oo-wow-wowoo-oooo!" The whole white world thrilled to that wild cry. Then after a while, from the distance came a softer call in reply. Maheegun stirred, with the deep rumble of pleasure in his throat. He slipped down the rock and headed out across the ice."He's gone," I said."Yes, he's gone to that young she-wolf." My grandfather slowly filled his pipe. "He will take her for life, hunt for her, protect her. This is the way the Creator planned life. No man can change it."I tried to tell myself it was all for the best, but it was hard to lose my brother.For the next two years I was as busy as a squirrel storing nuts for the winter. But once or twice when I heard wolf cries from distant hills, I would still wonder if Maheegun, in his battlefor life, found time to remember me.It was not long after that I found the answer.Easter came early that year and during the holidays I went to visit my cousins.My uncle was to bring me home in his truck. But he was detained by some urgent business. So I decided to come back home on my own.A mile down the road I slipped into my snowshoes and turned into the bush. The strong sunshine had dimmed. I had not gone far before big flakes of snow began drifting down.The snow thickened fast. I could not locate the tall pine that stood on the north slope of Little Mountain. I circled to my right and stumbled into a snow-filled creek bed. By then the snow had made a blanket of white darkness, but I knew only too well there should have been no creek there.I tried to travel west but only to hit the creek again. I knew I had gone in a great circle and I was lost.There was only one thing to do. Camp for the night and hope that by morning the storm would have blown itself out. I quickly made a bed of boughs and started a fire with the bark of an old dead birch. The first night I was comfortable enough. But when the first gray light came I realized that I was in deep trouble.The storm was even worse. Everything had been smothered by the fierce whiteness.The light of another day still saw no end to the storm. I began to get confused. I couldn't recall whether it had been storming for three or four days.Then came the clear dawn. A great white stillness had taken over and with it, biting cold. My supply of wood was almost gone. There must be more.Slashing off green branches with my knife, I cut my hand and blood spurted freely from my wound. It was some time before the bleeding stopped. I wrapped my hand with a piece of cloth I tore off from my shirt. After some time, my fingers grew cold and numb, so I took the bandage off and threw it away.How long I squatted over my dying fire I don't know. But then I saw the gray shadow between the trees. It was a timber wolf. He had followed the blood spots on the snow to the blood-soaked bandage."Yap... yap... yap... yoooo!" The howl seemed to freeze the world with fear.It was the food cry. He was calling, "Come, brothers, I have found meat." And I was the meat!Soon his hunting partner came to join him. Any time now, Ithought, their teeth would pierce my bones.Suddenly the world exploded in snarls. I was thrown against the branches of the shelter. But I felt no pain. And a great silence had come. Slowly I worked my way out of the snow and raised my head. There, about 50 feet away, crouched my two attackers with their tails between their legs. Then I heard a noise to my side and turned my head. There stood a giant black wolf. It was Maheegun, and he had driven off the others. "Maheegun... Maheegun...," I sobbed, as I moved through the snow toward him. "My brother, my brother," I said, giving him my hand. He reached out and licked at the dried blood.I got my little fire going again, and as I squatted by it, I started to cry. Maybe it was relief or weakness or both — I don't know. Maheegun whimpered too.Maheegun stayed with me through the long night, watching me with those big eyes. The cold and loss of blood were taking their toll.The sun was midway across the sky when I noticed how restless Maheegun had become. He would run away a few paces — head up, listening — then run back to me. Then I heard. It was dogs. It was the searching party! I put the last of my birch bark on the fire and fanned it into life.The sound of the dogs grew louder. Then the voices of men. Suddenly, as if by magic, the police dog team came up out of the creek bed, and a man came running toward my fire. It was my grandfather.The old hunter stopped suddenly when he saw the wolf. He raised his rifle. "Don't shoot!" I screamed and ran toward him, falling through the snow. "It's Maheegun. Don't shoot!"He lowered his rifle. Then I fell forward on my face, into the snow.I woke up in my bedroom. It was quite some time before my eyes came into focus enough to see my grandfather sitting by my bed. "You have slept three days," he said softly. "The doc says you will be all right in a week or two.""And Maheegun" I asked weakly."He should be fine. He is with his own kind."Unit3More Crime and Less PunishmentIf you are looking for an explanation of why we don't get tough with criminals, you need only look at the numbers. Each year almost a third of the households in America are victims of violence or theft. This amounts to more than 41 million crimes,many more than we are able to punish. There are also too many criminals. The best estimates suggest that 36 million to 40 million people (16 to 18 percent of the U. S. population) have arrest records for nontraffic offenses. We already have 2. 4 million people under some form of correctional supervision, 412, 000 of them locked away in a prison cell. We don't have room for any more!The painful fact is that the more crime there is the less we are able to punish it. This is why the certainty and severity of punishment must go down when the crime rate goes up. Countries like Saudi Arabia can afford to give out harsh punishments precisely because they have so little crime. But can we afford to cut off the hands of those who committed more than 35 million property crimes each year Can we send them to prison Can we execute more than 22,000 murderersWe need to think about the relationship between punishment and crime in a new way. A decade of careful research has failed to provide clear and convincing evidence that the threat of punishment reduces crime. We think that punishment deters crime, but it just might be the other way around. It just might be that crime deters punishment: that there is so much crime that it simply cannot be punished.This is the situation we find ourselves in today. Just as the decline in the number of high-school graduates has made it easier to gain admission to the college of one's choice, the gradual increase in the criminal population has made it more difficult to get into prison. While elite colleges and universities still have high standards of admissions, some of the most "exclusive" prisons now require about five prior serious crimes before an inmate is accepted into their correctional program. Our current crop of prisoners is an elite group, on the whole much more serious offenders than those who were once imprisoned in Alcatraz.These features show that it makes little sense to blame the police, judges or correctional personnel for being soft on criminals. There is not much else they can do. The police can't find most criminals and those they do find are difficult and costly to convict. Those convicted can't all be sent to prison. The society demands that we do everything we can against crime. The practical reality is that there is very little the police, courts or prisons can do about the crime problem. The criminal justice system must then become as powerless as a parent who has charge of hundreds of teenage children and who is nonetheless expected to answer the TV message: "It's 10 o'clock!Do you know where your children are"A few statistics from the Justice Department's recent "Report to the Nation on Crime and Justice" illustrate my point. Of every 100 serious crimes committed in America, only 33 are actually reported to the police. Of the 33 reported, about six lead to arrest. Of the six arrested, only three are prosecuted and convicted. The others are rejected or dismissed due to evidence or witness problems or are sent elsewhere for medical treatment instead of punishment. Of the three convicted, only one is sent to prison. The other two are allowed to live in their community under supervision. Of the select few sent to prison, more than half receive a maximum sentence of five years. The average inmate, however, leaves prison in about two years. Most prisoners gain early release not because parole boards are too easy on crime, but because it is much cheaper to supervise a criminal in the community. And, of course, prison officials must make room for the new prisoners sent almost daily from the courts.We could, of course, get tough with the people we already have in prison and keep them locked up for longer periods of time. Yet when measured against the lower crime rates this would probably produce, longer prison sentences are not worth thecost to state and local governments. Besides, those states that have tried to gain voters' approval for bonds to build new prisons often discover that the public is unwilling to pay for prison construction.And if it were willing to pay, long prison sentences may not be effective in reducing crime. In 1981, 124,000 convicts were released from prison. If we had kept them in jail for an additional year, how many crimes would have been prevented While it is not possible to know the true amount of crime committed by people released from prison in any given year, we do know the extent to which those under parole are jailed again for major crime convictions. This number is a surprisingly low 6 percent (after three years it rises to only 11 percent). Even if released prisoners commit an average of two crimes each, this would amount to only 15,000 crimes prevented: a drop in the bucket when measured against the 41 million crimes committed each year.More time spent in prison is also more expensive. The best estimates are that it costs an average of $13,000 to keep a person in prison for one year. If we had a place to keep the 124,000 released prisoners, it would have cost us $ billion to prevent 15,000 crimes. This works out to more than $100,000 percrime prevented. But there is more. With the average cost of prison construction running around $50,000 per bed, it would cost more than $6 billion to build the necessary cells. The first-year operating cost would be $150,000 per crime prevented, worth it if the victim were you or me, but much too expensive to be feasible as a national policy.Faced with the reality of the numbers, I will not be so foolish as to suggest a solution to the crime problem. My contribution to the public debate begins and ends with this simple observation: getting tough with criminals is not the answer.Unit4The Nightingale and the Rose "She said that she would dance with me if I brought her red roses," cried the young Student, "but in all my garden there is no red rose."From her nest in the oak tree the Nightingale heard him and she looked out through the leaves and wondered."No red rose in all my garden!" he cried, and his beautiful eyes filled with tears. "Ah, I have read all that the wise men have written, and all the secrets of philosophy are mine, yet for want of a red rose my life is made wretched.""Here at last is a true lover," said the Nightingale. "Night after night have I sung of him, and now I see him."The Prince gives a ball tomorrow night," murmured the young Student, "and my love will be there. If I bring her a red rose she will dance with me till dawn. I shall hold her in my arms, and she will lean her head upon my shoulder. But there is no red rose in my garden, so I shall sit lonely and my heart will break.""Here, indeed, is the true lover," said the Nightingale. Surely love is a wonderful thing. It is more precious than emeralds and opals."The musicians will play upon their stringed instruments," said the young Student, "and my love will dance to the sound of the harp and the violin. She will dance so lightly that her feet will not touch the floor. But with me she will not dance, for I have no red rose to give her," and he flung himself down on the grass, and buried his face in his hands, and wept. "Why is he weeping" asked a green Lizard, as he ran past him with his tail in the air."Why, indeed" said a Butterfly, who was fluttering about after a sunbeam."Why, indeed" whispered a Daisy to his neighbor, in a soft, lowvoice."He is weeping for a red rose," said the Nightingale. "For a red rose" they cried, "how very ridiculous!" and the little Lizard, who was something of a cynic, laughed outright. But the Nightingale understood the Student's sorrow, and sat silent in the Oak-tree.Suddenly she spread her brown wings for flight, and soared into the air. She passed through the grove like a shadow and like a shadow she sailed across the garden.In the centre of the grass-plot stood a beautiful Rose-tree, and when she saw it she flew over to it. "Give me a red rose," she cried, "and I will sing you my sweetest song."But the Tree shook its head."My roses are white," it answered, "as white as the foam of the sea, and whiter than the snow upon the mountain. But go to my brother who grows round the old sun-dial, and perhaps he will give you what you want."So the Nightingale flew over to the Rose-tree that was growing round the old sun-dial."Give me a red rose," she cried, "and I will sing you my sweetest song." But the Tree shook its head."My roses are yellow," it answered, "as yellow as the hair ofthe mermaiden, and yellower than the daffodil that blooms In the meadow. But go to my brother who grows beneath the Student's window, and perhaps he will give you what you want."So the Nightingale flew over to the Rose-tree that was growing beneath the Student's window."Give me a red rose," she cried, "and I will sing you my sweetest song." But the Tree shook its head."My roses are red," it answered, "as red as the feet of the dove, and redder than the great fans of coral. But the winter has chilled my veins, and the frost has nipped my buds, and the storm has broken my branches, and I shall have no roses at all this year.""One red rose is all that I want," cried the Nightingale, "only one red rose! Is there no way by which I can get it" "There is a way," answered the Tree, "but it is so terrible that I dare not tell it to you.""Tell it to me," said the Nightingale, "I am not afraid." "If you want a red rose," said the Tree, "you must build it out of music by moonlight, and stain it with your own heart's blood. You must sing to me with your breast against a thorn. All night long you must sing to me, and the thorn must pierce your heart, and your life-blood must flow into my veins, and become mine.""Death is a great price to pay for a red rose," cried the Nightingale, "and life is very dear to all. Yet love is better than life, and what is the heart of a bird compared to the heart of a man"So she spread her brown wings for flight, and soared into the air. She swept over the garden like a shadow, and like a shadow she sailed through the grove.The young Student was still lying on the grass, and the tears were not yet dry in his beautiful eyes. "Be happy," cried the Nightingale, "be happy, you shall have your red rose. I will build it out of music by moonlight, and stain it with my own heart's blood. All that I ask of you in return is that you will be a true lover."The Student looked up from the grass, and listened, but he could not understand what the Nightingale was saying to him. But the Oak-tree understood and felt sad, for he was very fond of the little Nightingale. "Sing me one last song," he whispered. "I shall feel lonely when you are gone."So the Nightingale sang to the Oak-tree, and her voice was like water bubbling from a silver jar.When she had finished her song, the Student got up."She has form," he said to himself, as he walked away. "Thatcannot be denied. But has she got feeling I am afraid not. In fact, like most artists, she is all style without any sincerity." And he went to his room, and lay down on his bed, and after a time, he fell asleep.And when the Moon shone in the heaven, the Nightingale flew to the Rose-tree, and set her breast against the thorn. All night long she sang with her breast against the thorn, and the cold crystal Moon leaned down and listened. All night long she sang, and the thorn went deeper into her breast, and her life-blood ebbed away from her.She sang first of the birth of love in the heart of a boy and a girl. And on the topmost spray of the Rose-tree there blossomed a marvelous rose, petal following petal, as song followed song.But the Tree cried to the Nightingale to press closer against the thorn. "Press closer, little Nightingale," cried the Tree, "or the Day will come before the rose is finished."So the Nightingale pressed closer against the thorn, and louder and louder grew her song, for she sang of the birth of passion in the soul of a man and a maid.And a delicate flush of pink came into the leaves of the rose, like the flush in the face of the bridegroom when he kisses thelips of the bride. But the thorn had not yet reached her heart so the rose's heart remained white.And the Tree cried to the Nightingale to press closer against the thorn. "Press closer, little Nightingale," cried the Tree, "or the Day will come before the rose is finished."So the Nightingale pressed closer against the thorn, and the thorn touched her heart, and a fierce pang of pain shot through her. Bitter, bitter was the pain, and wilder and wilder grew her song, for she sang of the Love that is perfected by Death, of the Love that dies not in the tomb.And the marvelous rose became crimson. Crimson was the girdle of petals, and crimson as ruby was the heart.But the Nightingale's voice grew fainter and a film came over her eyes. Fainter and fainter grew her song, and she felt something choking her in her throat.Then she gave one last burst of music. The white Moon heard it, and she forgot the dawn, and lingered on in the sky. The Red Rose heard it, and trembled all over with ecstasy, and opened its petals in the cold morning air."Look, look!" cried the Tree, "the rose is finished now." But the Nightingale made no answer, for she was lying dead in the long grass, with the thorn in her heart.。
大学英语精读第二册(第三版)book2 Unit1答案
大学英语精读第二册（第三版）book2 Unit1答案上海外语教育出版社一）1. bare2. empty3. empty4. bare5. empty6.empty二）1. shortly2.track down3.faint4.motioned5.at the sight of6.feel like7.slamming8.rang out9.contract10.made for11.heated12.emerged三）1. host2. sprang up/rang out3. impulse4. came to5. track down6. unexpected7. outgrow8. widened9. shortly10. emerge / spring up11. at the sight of12. made for13. crisis14. colonial四）1. Jimmy has outgrown the shirts his aunt made for him a few years ago.2. Does the doctor think the elderly lady is likely to survive the operation / it is likely that the elderly lady will survive the operation?3. The other day your cousin paid us an unexpected visit.4. Don't you see the nurse motioning us to be silent?5. Her face lit up with joy at his return.6. The sound of her footsteps grew fainter as she walked farther away.五）1.Additional advantageousAnxious conditionalCourageous curiousDangerous educationalEmotional famousIndustrial intentionalMedical mountainousMusical mysteriousNational occasionalPersonal practical2.Heated coloredpigtailed giftedbearded pointedexperienced agedskilled diseased六）1.The people questioned gave very different opinions on the issue.2. Can you see the man climbing on that rock?3. Several days passed before they came up with a satisfactory solution to the problems discussed.4. We were woken early by the sound of the birds singing.5. The chairman made it clear that those objecting should explain their reasons.6. After a day’s work, I felt I had little energy left.7. I knew of some of the athletes taking part.8. The success obtained surprised those who had given up the project as impossible.七）1. During the time that2. As long as3. Although4. as long as5. whereas6. Although7. whereas8. Although1. They frightened the child into telling the truth.2. He tricked her into marrying him by pretending that he was the son of a millionaire.3. My tactless words forced the old gentleman into buying something he could not possibly afford.4. He finally talked me into accepting his terms.5. The girl persuaded her father into giving up smoking.6. Their severe criticism shocked her into realizing her selfishness.1. Guests are to be back in the hotel by twelve o’clock.2. An investigation is to be made next week.3. I am to meet them at the airport.4. You are to finish your homework before you watch TV.5. The medicine is to be taken three times a day after meals.6. Bob and Susan are to get married in October.八）1.hosts2.heated3.argument4.impluse5.shortly6.emerged7.slam8.crawled9.crisis1.corner2.attention3.noticed4.shining5.directed6.there7.bed8.snake9.its10.feet11.from12.however13.do14.as15.forward16.neither17.still18.if19.through20.floor21.pulling22.under23.cried24.out25.to26.where27.made28.eyes九）1.do the cooking3.hardly thought so3.settled down4.half expected5.equipment6.boiled over7.why things were so quiet8.burning9.greeted10.battlefield十）1.她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们之间那场争执就此结束。
(完整word版)现代大学英语精读2unit1Anotherschoolyear——whatfor
现代大学英语精读2Unit 1 Another school year------what for?又是一个新学年——为什么上大学？约翰查尔迪首先，给大家讲讲我教书生涯刚开始的时候经历过的一次失败吧。
那是在1940年的一月，我当时研究生刚毕业，开始在堪萨斯市大学教书。
我的学生中有个瘦高个儿，活像个长着头发的扁豆架支杆。
他走进课堂，坐了下来，双手在胸前交叉着，看了看我，好像在说：好吧，教我些什么吧。
两个礼拜以后，我们开始讲《哈姆雷特》。
又过了三个礼拜，他来到我的办公室，双手叉腰。
“我告诉你，”他说，“我到这里来是为了当个药剂师。
我干嘛要读这些玩意？”说着他用手指了指桌子上我的那本书，因为他自己没有带书来。
我当时虽然是个初出茅庐的新教师，可我也能告诉这位一些理由。
我可以向他指出，他进的不是一所制药学校，而是一所大学。
修满大学课程他就能得到一份证书，上面写着“理学士”，而不是“合格的药剂师”。
这份证书说明他接受过制药的专门训练，同时还说明，他受到过人类文明思想的熏陶。
换言之，他上的不是一所职业技术学校，而是一所大学，学生上大学既要接受职业训练，也要接受人文教育。
我完全可以对他说这些话的，但是很明显，他不会在大学坚持太久，他懂不懂这些道理无关紧要。
尽管如此，我当时很年轻，有很强的责任心，所以就试着这么跟他解释：“你这一辈子，每天大概平均有二十四个小时。
热恋的时候，你会觉得一天的时间短一点，而失恋的时候，则会长一些。
但是平均起来，大致就是这个数。
这其中的八个小时，你基本上是在睡觉。
“每个工作日，你大约需要工作八小时，我希望你会用来做些有用的事情。
假设你修完了制药，或者土木工程、法律或是其他学科的课程，那么在这八小时里，你会使用你的专业技术：在配制阿司匹林的时候，确保里面不掺进氰化物；在搞工程设计的时候，确保牛不会跳进篱笆里；当律师时，就要确保你的委托人不会因为你的无能而坐上电椅。
这些都是非常有用的职业，都需要人们应该尊重的技能，这些技能都能帮助你满足你的基本需求。
大学英语精读第二册Unit 1 The dinner Party
Prejudice Against Women
Women have been prejudiced against for centuries perhaps ever since life on earth. They have long been referred to as “weaker sex”, considered naturally weaker than men, unable to perform the work that requires muscles or pluck the courage to face up to any crisis. As we know, Plato( 柏拉图 ), Aristotle, Shakespeare, and Confucius all made negative remarks about women. And even today, such a prejudice has not entirely been eliminated and the argument in the text shows how hard long-standing prejudices die.
1. Who do you think are braver, women or men? (Please give an example to support your statement.)
2. Do you think women can do everything men can?
3. Do you believe that women can face a crisis with great self-control?
大学英语精读2_2
At the dinner party given by a colonial official and his wife, a young girl and a major
(少校) had a heaБайду номын сангаасed discussion about whether
men are braver than women. The discussion is
elements (要素) of a story. 3. To help the students master some key words, phrases and structures in the text.
Teaching Procedures
I. II. Warming-up Questions A Brief Introduction to the Text
brought to an agreement in an unexpected way.
heated a. with strong, excited, and often angry feelings 热烈的；激烈的 unexpected a. not expected 意外的
Words
naturalist / 5nAtF[r[list/ n. one who makes a special study of plants
(It took place in India when India was a British colony.)
World War. That magazine story, and the person
who wrote it, I have never been able to track down.
大学英语精读课文第二册
大学英语精读课文第二册UNIT 1. Is There Life on Earth?It is humorous essay. But after reading it you will surely find that the author is most serious in writing it.Is There Life on Earth?There was great excitement on the planet of Venus this week. For the first time Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the plant Earth, and is has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.The satellite was directed into an area know as Manhattan (named after the great Venusian astronomer Prof. Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20,000 light years ago).Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the feasibility of a manned flying saucer landing on Earth. A press conference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology."We have come to the conclusion, based on last week's satellite landing," Prof. Zog said, "that there is no life on Earth.""How do you know this?" the science reporter of the Venus Evening Star asked."For one thing, Earth's surface in the area of Manhattan is composed of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. For another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breather this air and survive.""What does this mean as far as our flying sauce program is concerned?""We shall have to take our own oxygen with us, which means a much heavier flying saucer than we originally planned.""Are there any other hazards that you discovered in your studier?""Take a look at this photo. You see this dark black cloud hovering over the surface of Earth? We call this the Consolidated Edison Belt. We don't know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot of trouble and we shall have to make further tests before we send a Venus Being there.""Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink. This means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer.""Sir, what are all those tiny black spots on the photographs?""We're not certain. They seem to be metal particles that move along certain paths. They emit gases, make noise and keep crashing into each other. There are so many of these paths and so many metal particles that it is impossible to land a flying saucer without its being smashed by one.""What are those stalagmite projections sticking up?""They're some type of granite formations that give off light at night. Prof. Glom has named them skyscrapers since they seem to be scraping the skies.""If all you say is true, won't this set back the flying saucer program several years?""Yes, but we shall proceed as soon as the Grubstart gives us the added funds.""Prof. Zog, why are we spending billions and billions of zilches to land a flying saucer on Earth when there is no life there?"Because if we Venusians can learn to breathe in an Earth atmosphere, then we can live anywhere."UNIT 2. The Dinner PartyA heated discussion about whether men are braver than women is settled in a rather unexpected way.The Dinner PartyI first heard this tale in India, where is told as if true -- though any naturalist would know it couldn't be. Later someone told me that the story appeared in a magazine shortly before the First World War. That magazine story, and the person who wrote it, I have never been able to track down.The country is India. A colonial official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their guests -- officers and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist -- in their spacious dining room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors opening onto a veranda.A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a major who says that they haven't."A woman's reaction in any crisis," the major says, "is to scream. And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has. And that last ounce is what really counts."The American does not join in the argument but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the native boy standing behind her chair and whispers something to him. The boy's eyes widen: he quickly leaves the room.Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors.The American comes to with a start. In India, milk in a bowl means only one thing -- bait for a snake. He realizes there must be a cobra in the room. He looks up at the rafters -- the likeliest place -- but they are bare. Three corners of the room are empty, and in the fourth the servants are waiting to serve the next course. There is only one place left -- under the table.His first impulse is to jump back and warn the others, but he knows the commotion would frighten the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the tone of his voice so commanding that it silences everyone."I want to know just what control everyone at this table has. I will count three hundred -- that's five minutes -- and not one of you is to move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50 rupees. Ready?"The 20 people sit like stone images while he counts. He is saying "...two hundred and eighty..." when, out of the corner of his eye, he sees the cobra emerge and make for the bowl of milk. Screams ring out as he jumps to slam the veranda doors safely shut."You were right, Major!" the host exclaims. "A man has just shown us an example of perfect self-control.""Just a minute," the American says, turning to his hostess. "Mrs. Wynnes, how did you know that cobra was in the room?"A faint smile lights up the woman's face as she replies: "Because it was crawling across my foot."UNIT 3. Lesson from JeffersonJefferson died long ago, but may of his ideas still of great interest to us.Lessons from JeffersonThomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at last one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence.Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote:Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot-observations.You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Jefferson once said to the French nobleman, Lafayette, "You must go into the people's homes as I have done, look into their cooking pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France."Judge for yourself. Jefferson refused to accept other people's opinions without careful thought. "Neither believe nor reject anything," he wrote to his nephew, "because any other person has rejected or believed it. Heaved has given you a mind for judging truth and error. Use it."Jefferson felt that the people "may safely be trusted to hear everything true and false, and to form a correct judgment. Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter."Do what you believe is right. In a free country there will always be conflicting ideas, and this is a source of strength. It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive. Though Jefferson was for many years the object of strong criticism, he never answered his critics. He expressed his philosophy in letters to a friend, "There are two sides to every question. If you take one side with decision and on it with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent your actions."Trust the future; trust the young. Jefferson felt that the present should never be chained to customs which have lost their usefulness. "No society," he said, "can make a perpetual constitution, or even a perpetual law. The earth belongs to the living generation." He did not fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future. "How much pain," he remarked, "has been caused by evils which have never happened! I expect the best, not the worst. I steer my ship with hope, leaving fear behind."Jefferson's courage and idealism were based on knowledge. He probably knew more than any other man of his age. He was an expert in agriculture, archeology, and medicine. He practiced crop rotation and soil conservation a century before these became standard practice, and he invented a plow superior to any other in existence. He influenced architecture throughout America, and he was constantly producing devices for making the tasks of ordinary life easier to perform.Of all Jefferson's many talents, one is central. He was above all a good and tireless writer. His complete works, now being published for the first time, will fill more than fifty volumes. His talent as an author was soon discovered, and when the time came to write the Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia in 1776, the task of writing it was his. Millions have thrilled to his words: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are cre ated equal…"When Jefferson died on July 4, 1826, the 50th anniversary of American independence, he left his countrymen a rich legacy of ideas and examples. American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson, Who believed that only a nation of educated people could remain free.UNIT 4. My First JobTrying to make some money before entering university, the author applies for a teaching job. But the interview goes from bad to worse...My First JobWhile I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very short money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim.However, three days later a letter arrived, asking me to go to Croydon for an interview. It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter to feel nervous.The school was a red brick house with big windows, The front garden was a gravel square; four evergreen shrubs stood at each corner, where they struggled to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main from a busy main road.It was clearly the headmaster himself that opened the door. He was short and fat. He had a sandy-coloured moustache, a wrinkled forehead and hardly any hair.He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone. 'Ah yes,' he grunted. 'You'd better come inside.' The narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage; the walls were dirty with ink marks; it was all silent. His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining-room. 'You'd better sit down,' he said, and proceeded to ask me a number of questions: what subjects I had taken in my General School Certificate; how old I was; what games I played; then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes, he asked me whether I thought games were a vital part of a boy's education. I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them. He grunted. I had said the wrong thing. The headmaster and I obviously had very little in common.The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen. I should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. Football and cricket were played in the Park, a mile away on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons.The teaching set-up filled me with fear. I should have to divide the class into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels; and I was dismayed at the thought of teaching algebra and geometry-two subjects at which I had been completely incompetent at school. Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.I said shyly, 'What would my salary be?' 'Twelve pounds a week plus lunch.' Before I could protest, he got to his feet. 'Now', he said, 'you'd better meet my wife. She's the one who really runs this school.'This was the last straw. I was very young: the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.UNIT 5. The Professor and the Y o-YoSeen through the eyes of a young friend Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man.The professor and the Yo-yoMy father was a close friend of Albert Einstein. As a shy young visitor to Einstein's home, I was made to feel at ease when Einstein said, "I have something to show you." He went to his desk and returned with a Yo-Yo. He tried to show me how it worked but he couldn't make it roll back up the string. When my turn came, I displayed my few tricks and pointed out to him that the incorrectly looped string had thrown the toy off balance. Einstein nodded, properly impressed by my skill and knowledge. Later, I bought a new Yo-Yo and mailed it to the Professor as a Christmas present, and received a poem of thanks.As boy and then as an adult, I never lost my wonder at the personality that was Einstein. He was the only person I knew who had come to terms with himself and the world around him. He knew what he wanted and he wanted only this: to understand within his limits as a human being the nature of the universe and the logic and simplicity in its functioning. He knew there were answers beyond his intellectual reach. But this did not frustrate him. He was content to go as far as he could.In the 23 years of our friendship, I never saw him show jealousy, vanity, bitterness, anger, resentment, or personal ambition. He seemed immune to these emotions. He was beyond any pretension. Although he corresponded with many of the world's most important people, his stationery carried only a watermark - W - for Woolworth's.To do his work he needed only a pencil only a pencil and a pad of paper. Material things meant nothing to him. I never knew him to carry money because he never had any use for it. He believed in simplicity, so much so that he used only a safety razor and water to shave. When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, "The razor and water do the job.""But Professor, why don't you try the cream just once?" I argued. "It makes shaving smoother and less painful."He shrugged. Finally, I presented him with a tube of shaving cream. The next morning when he came down to breakfast, he was beaming with the pleasure of a new, great discovery. "You know, that cream really works," he announced. "It doesn't pull the beard. It feels wonderful." Thereafter, he used the shaving cream every morning until the tube was empty. Then he reverted to using plain water.Einstein was purely and exclusively a theorist. He didn't have the slightest interest in the practical application of his ideas and theories. His E=mc2 is probably the most famous equation in history - yet Einstein wouldn't walk down the street to see a reactor create atomic energy. He won the Nobel Prize for his Photoelectric Theory, a series of equations that he considered relatively minor in importance, but he didn't have any curiosity in observing how his theory made TV possible.My brother once gave the Professor a toy, a bird that balanced on the edge of a bowl of water and repeatedly dunked its head in the water. Einstein watched it in delight, trying to deduce the operating principle. But be couldn't.The next morning he announced, "I had thought about that bird for a long time before I went to bed and it must work this way…" He began a ling explanation. Then he stopped, real izing a flaw in his reasoning. "No, I guess that's not it," he said. He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. His quick expression of disapproval told me he did not agree with this practical approach. He never did work out the solution.Another puzzle that Einstein could never understand was his own fame. He had developed theories that were profound and capable of exciting relatively few scientists. Yet his name was a household word across the civilized world. "I've had good ideas, and so have other men," he once said. "But it's been my good fortune that my ideas have been accepted." He was bewildered by his fame: people wanted to meet him; strangers stared at him on the street; scientists, statesmen, students, and housewives wrote him letters. He never could understand why he received this attention, why he was singled out as something special.UNIT 6. The Making of a SurgeonA famous surgeon tells about the importance of self-confidence from his own experience.The Making of a SurgeonHow does a doctor recognize the point in time when he is finally a "surgeon"? As my year as chief resident drew to a close I asked myself this question on more than one occasion.The answer, I concluded, was self-confidence. When you can say to yourself, "There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently, treat just as well as or better than any other surgeon" - then, and not until then, you are indeed a surgeon. I was nearing that point.Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night. The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical decision to be made. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular situation, I'd have trouble getting back to sleep. I'd review all the facts of the case and, not infrequently, wonder if I hadn't made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, after lying awake for an hour, I'd get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the peace of mind I needed to relax.Now, in the last month of my residency, sleeping was no longer a problem. There were still situations in which I couldn't be certain my decision had been the right one, but I had learned to accept this as a constant problem for a surgeon, one that could never be completely resolved - and I could live with it. So, once I had made a considered decision, I no longer dwelt on it. Reviewing it wasn't going to help and I knew that with my knowledge and experience, any decision I'd made was bound to be a sound one. It was a nice feeling.In the operating room I was equally confident. I knew I had the knowledge, the skill, the experience to handle any surgical situation I'd ever encounter in practice. There were no more butterflies in my stomach when I opened up an abdomen or a chest. I knew that even if the case was one in which it was impossible to anticipate the problem in advance, I could handle whatever l found. I'd sweated through my share of stab wounds of the belly, of punctured lungs, of compound fractures. I had sweated over them for five years. I didn't need to sweat any more.Nor was I afraid of making mistakes. I knew that when I was out in practice I would inevitably err at one time or another and operate on someone who didn't need surgery or sit on someone who did. Five years earlier - even one year earlier - I wouldn't have been able to live with myself if I had had to take sole responsibility for a mistake in judgment. Now I could. I still dreaded errors - would do my best to avoid them -- but I knew they were part of a surgeon's life. I could accept this fact with calmness because I knew that if I wasn't able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.This all sounds conceited and I guess it is - but a surgeon needs conceit. He needs it to encourage him in trying moments when he's bothered by the doubts and uncertainties that are part of the practice of medicine. He has to feel that he's as good as and probably better than any other surgeon in the world. Call it conceit - call it self-confidence; whatever it was, I had it.UNIT 7. Theres Only LuckIn this article the author describes what happened to her one night and what happened to her one night and her feelings about it.There's Only LuckMy mind went numb when I saw the gun pointing against the car window as we pulled out of the garage: This can't be happening to me. Then I felt the gun, cold, against my head, and I heard my friend Jeremy saying, "What do you want? Take my wallet," but at the time I thought of nothing.I remember being vaguely annoyed when the gunman pulled me from the car by the hair. I remember the walk to the house - Jeremy, me, the two men with two guns. I remember the fear and anger in the gunmen's voices because Jeremy was being slow, and I remember wondering why he was being slow. I did not realize that Jeremy had thrown the keys into the shrubbery. But I remember that sound of the gun hitting Jeremy's head and the feeling as the man who had hold of my hair released me. And I remember the split second when I realized he was looking at Jeremy, and I remember wondering how far I could run before he pulled the trigger. But I was already running, and upon reaching the car across the street, I didn't crouch behind it but screamed instead.I remember thinking there was something absurdly melodramatic about screaming "Help, help!" at eight o'clock ona Tuesday evening in December and changing my plea to the more specific "Help, let me in, please let me in!" But the houses were cold, closed, unfriendly, and I ran on until I heard Jeremy's screams behind me announcing that our attackers had fled.The neighbors who had not opened their doors to us came out with baseball bats and helped Jeremy find his glasses and keys. In a group they were very brave. We waited for the cops to come until someone said to someone else that the noodles were getting cold, and I said politely, "Please go and eat. We're O.K."I was happy to see them go. They had been talking of stiffer sentences for criminals, of bringing back the death penalty and how the President is going to clean up the country. I was thinking, they could be saying all of this over my dead body, and I still feel that stiffer sentences wouldn't change a thing. In a rush all the rage I should have felt for my attackers was directed against these contented people standing in front of their warm, cozy homes talking about all the guns they were going to buy. What good would guns have been to Jeremy and me?People all over the neighborhood had called to report our screams, and the police turned out in force twenty minutes later. They were ill-tempered about what was, to them, much ado about nothing. After all, Jeremy was hardly hurt, and we were hopeless when it came to identification. "Typical," said one cop when we couldn't even agree on how tall the men were. Both of us were able to describe the guns in horrifying detail, but the two policemen who stayed to make the report didn't think that would be much help.The cops were matter-of-fact about the whole thing. The thin one said, "That was a stupid thing to do, throwing away the keys. When a man has a gun against your head you do what you're told." Jeremy looked properly sheepish.Then the fat cop same up and the thin one went to look around the outside of the house. "That was the best thing you could have done, thr owing away the keys," he said. "If you had gone into the house with them…" His voice trailed off. "They would have hurt her" - he jerked his head toward me - "and killed you both." Jeremy looked happier. "Look," said the fat cop kindly, "there's no right of wrong in the situation. There's just luck."All that sleepless night I replayed the moment those black gloves came up to the car window. How long did the whole thing last? Three minutes, five, eight? No matter how many hours of my life I may spend reliving it, I know there is no way to prepare for the next time - no intelligent response to a gun. The fat cop was right: There's only luck. The next time I might end up dead.And I'm sure there will be a next time. It can happen anywhere, anytime, to anyone. Security is an illusion; there is no safety in locks or in guns. Guns make some people feel safe and some people feel strong, but they're fooling themselves.UNIT 8. Honesty: Is It Going out of Style?Ever thought about cheating on a test? Of course not. But some students are not quite so honest …Honesty: Is It Going Out of Style?Stacia RobbinsAccording to a recent poll, 61 percent of American high school students have admitted to cheating on exams at least once. It can be argued such a response my not mean much. After all, most students have been faced with the temptation to peek at a neighbor's test paper. And students can be hard on themselves in judging such behavior. However, there are other indications that high school cheating may be on the rise.More and more states are requiring students to pass competency tests in order to receive their high school diplomas. And many educators fear that an increase in the use of state exams will lead to a corresponding rise in cheating. A case in point is students in New York State who faced criminal misdemeanor charges for possessing and selling advance copies of state Regents examinations.Cheating is considered to be a major problem in colleges and universities. Several professors say they've dropped the traditional term paper requirement because many students buy prewritten term papers, and they can't track down all the cheaters anymore.Colleges and universities across the nation have decided to do more than talk about the rise in student cheating. For instance, the Department of Psychology at the University of Maryland launched a campaign to stop one form of cheating. As 409 students filed out of their exam, they found all but one exit blocked. Proctors asked each student to produce an ID card with an attached photo. Students who said they'd left theirs in the dorm or at home had a mug shot taken. The purpose of the campaign was to catch "ringers," students who take tests for other students.The majority of students at the University of Maryland applauded the campaign. The campus newspaper editorial said, "Like police arresting speeders, the intent is not to catch everyone but rather to catch enough to spread the word."We frequently hear about "the good old days", when Americans were better, happier, and more honest. But were they more honest? Maybe yes, a long time ago when life was very different from what it is today.School children used to know the story of how Abraham Lincoln walked five miles to return a penny he'd overcharged a customer. It's the kind of story we think of as myth. But in the case of Lincoln, the story is true … unlike the story of George Washington and the cherry tree. Washington's first biographer invented the tale of little George saying to his father, "I cannot tell a lie. I did it with my ax." What is important in both stories, however, is that honesty was seen as an important part of the American character.And these are just two stories out of many. Students in the last century usually didn't read "fun" stories. They read stories that taught moral values. Such stories pointed out quite clearly that children who lied, cheated, or stole came to bad ends. Parents may have further reinforced those values. It's difficult to know. We do know that children didn't hear their parents talk of cheating the government on income taxes - there weren't any.A clue as to why Americans may have been more honest in the past lies in the Abe Lincoln story. Lincoln knew his customer. They both lived in a small town. Would a check-out person at a large supermarket return money a customer? It's less likely. On the other hand, would overnight guests at an inn run by a husband and wife, steal towels? It's less likely.Perhaps this tells us that people need to know one another to be at their honest best.The vast majority of Americans still believe that honesty as an important part of the American Character. For that reason, there are numerous watch-dog committees at all levels of society. Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?There is some evidence that dishonesty may ebb and flow. When times are hard, incidents of theft and cheating usually go up. And when times get better such incidents tend to go down.Cheating in school also tends to ebb and flow. But it doesn't seem linked to the economy.Many educators feel that as students gain confidence in themselves and their abilities, they are less likely to cheat.。
大学英语精读二册UnitTwo
⼤学英语精读⼆册UnitTwoUnit TwoSection A – Learning the Olympic Standard for LoveIntroduction (Lead-in)Text OrganizationInformation in detail – questions to discuss and presentVocabularySummaryText organization:Part I (Para.1-4): Introduction of an ex-Soviet coach and his high expectations.Body 1 (Para.1-2): Introduction to the ex-Soviet coach. Nikolai Petrovich Anikin was not half as intimidating as the writer had imagined, but the writer was nervous in his presence.Paragraph 1-2 – QuestionsQ1 – Who was Nikolai Petrovich Anikin?Q2 – Why did my father send me to meet him?Q3 – How did I imagine him before I met him?Q4 – How did I feel when I met him for the first time?Q5 – How did Anikin treat me for the first time?-Expressions1. (P1)S1’s meaning: I had expected that Nikolai Petrovich Anikin would be a quite frightening person, but actually he was not at all. half adj.(1)⼀半的(2)不完全的e.g. Knowledge without practice makes but half an artist.知识离开实践只能造就不完全的艺术家not half: Not at all:⼀点⼉也不e.g. Go home? Not half likely. 回家？根本不可能(Ex.) by half 过度地e.g. too clever by half过于聪明in half 成为相等的两半2. (P1)S2’s meaning: It was really unbelievable that Nikolai, the ex-Soviet coach my father had sent me a long way to meet, was like this.*Pay attention that "ex-" is sometimes used to form compound word with the meaning of "former and still living". e.g. ex-wife (前妻), ex-president (前总统). e.g. Linda said she met her ex at the dance. 琳达说她在舞会上遇到了前夫/前男友。
大学英语精读 UNIT1 1、2
Steps of Creating an Exposition
to raise a question or phenomenon to analyze the question /provide supporting evidence Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way. Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things.
10. Reading and listening are more important in language learning than speaking and writing. ( F ) A balance between input and output is important.
Stylistic Features: expository writing( 说明文)
back
• dark blue: countries, states, and provinces where English is a primary language ; • light blue: countries, states and provinces where it is an official but not a primary language
to solve the problem /draw a conclusion. Language learning is a process of accumulation, which involves long-term efforts and practice.
Learning English is a difficult task but learning Listen to English every day. strategies help make the task Seize opportunities to speak. Read widely. easier. Write regularly.
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"We're not certain. They seem to be metal particles that move along certain paths. They emit gases, make noise and keep crashing into each other. There are so many of these paths and so many metal particles that it is impossible to land a flying saucer without its being smashed by one."
UNTH 1
TEXT
It is humorous essay. But after reading it you will surely find that the author is most serious in writing it.
Ts There Life on Earth?
compose
vt. make up, form 组成，构成
concrete
n. building material made by mixing cement with sand, small stones and water 混凝土
atmosphere
n. all the gasses round the earth; air in a place 大气；空气
"If all you say is true, won't this set back the flying saucer program several years?"
"Yes, but we shall proceed as soon as the Grubstart gives us the added funds."
extremely
ad. very 极端，非常
extreme
a.
feasibility
ad. possibility of being carried or done 可行性
feasible
a.
manned
a. occupied by one or more persons 载人的
There was great excitement on the planet of Venus this week. For the first time Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the plant Earth, and is has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.
technology
n. 技术
conclusion
n. decision of opinion reached by reasoning 结论
conclude
v.
reporter
v. person who gathers news for a newspaper, magazine, or radio or TV station 记者
"What are those stalagmite projections sticking up?"
"They're some type of granite formations that give off light at night. Prof. Glom has named them skyscrapers since they seem to be scraping the skies."
satellite
n. spacecraft that goes round the planet earth and sends back radio and television signals; heavenly body that goes round a plant （人造）卫星
oxygen
n. 氧，氧气
originally
signal
n. 信号；暗号
astronomer
n. person who studies the science of the sun, moon, stars and planets
天文学家
telescope
n. instrument with special glasses used for seeing distant things
saucer
n. 浅碟；茶托
flying saucer
n. 飞碟
conference
n. meeting
press conference
n. meeting arranged by an important person to which news reporters are invited to listen to a statement or ask questions 记者招待会
carbon
n. 碳
monoxide
n. 一氧化物
deadly
a. causing death; likely to cause death 致命的
gas
n. 气体
survive
vi. remain alive; continue to live or exist 活下来；幸存
"Prof. Zog, why are we spending billions and billions of zilches to land a flying saucer on Earth when there is no life there?
"Because if we Venuin an Earth atmosphere, then we can live anywhere."
NEW WORDS
humorous
a. funny; that makers people laugh 幽默的
humor
n.
essay
n. 散文，随笔
excitement
n. the state or quality of being excited
vt. remain alive after; live longer than 经历...后还活着；比...活得长
survival
n.
program
n. plan of what it to be done 计划
concern
vt. be of importance or interest to; have an effect on 涉及，关系到
planet
n. large body in space that moves round a star esp. round the sun 行星
Venusian
a. of or having to do with the plant Venus 金星的
n. supposed Venus being 金星人
"Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink. This means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer."
"What does this mean as far as our flying sauce program is concerned?"
"We shall have to take our own oxygen with us, which means a much heavier flying saucer than we originally planned."
Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the feasibility of a manned flying saucer landing on Earth. A press conference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology.
The satellite was directed into an area know as Manhattan (named after the great Venusian astronomer Prof. Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20,000 light years ago).
"Are there any other hazards that you discovered in your studier?"