大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案

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高级英语第一册unit11

But What's a Dictionary For?The storm of abuse in the popular press that greeted the appearance of Webster's Third New International Dictionary is a curious phenomenon. Never has a scholarly work of this stature been attacked with such unbridled fury and contempt. An article in the Atlantic viewed it as a "disappointment," a "shock," a " calamity ," "a scandal and a disaster. " The New York Times, in a special editorial, felt that the work would " accelerate the deterioration " of the language and sternly accused the editors of betraying a public trust. The Journal of the American Bar Association saw the publication as " deplorable ," "a flagrant example of lexicographic irresponsibility," "a serious blow to the cause of good English." Life called it "a non-word deluge " monstrous ", " abominable ," and "a cause for dismay." They doubted that "Lincoln could have modelled his Gettysburg Address" on it – a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life.What underlies all this sound and fury? Is the claim of the G. R C. Merriam Company, probably the world's greatest dictionary maker, that the preparation of the work cost $3.5 million, that it required the efforts of three hundred scholar s over a period of twenty – seven years, working on the largest collection of citations ever assembled in any language -- is all this a fraud, a hoax ?So monstrous a discrepancy in evaluation requires us to examine basic principles. Just what's a dictionary for? What does it propose to do? What does the common reader go to a dictionary to find? What has the purchaser of a dictionary a right to expect for his money?Before we look at basic principles, it is necessary to interpose two brief statements. The first of these is that a dictionary is concerned with words. Some dictionaries give various kinds of other useful information. Some have tables of weights and measures on the flyleaves . Some list historical events and some, home remedies . And there’s nothing wrong w ith their so doing. But the great increase in our vocabulary in the past three decades compels all dictionaries to make more efficient use of their space. And if something must be eliminated , it is sensible to throw out these extraneous things and stick to words.The second brief statement is that there has been even more progress in the making of dictionaries in the past thirty years than there has been in the making of automobiles The difference, for example, between the much-touted Second International (1934) and the much-clouted Third International (1961) is not like the difference between yearly models but like the difference between the horse and buggy and the automobile. Between the appearance of these two editions a whole new science related to the making of dictionaries, the science of descriptive linguistics, has come into being.Modern linguistics gets its charter from Leonard Bloomfield's Language (1933). Bloomfield's for thirteen years professor of Germanic philology at the University of Chicago and for nine years professor of linguistics at Yale, was one of those inseminating scholars who can’ t be relegated to any department and don't dream of accepting established categories and procedures just because they're established. He was as much an anthropologist as a linguist, and his concepts of language were shaped not by Strunk's Elements of Style but by his knowledge of Cree Indian dialects.The broad general findings of the new science are:1. All languages are systems of human conventions , not systems of natural laws. The first -- and essential – step in the study of any language is observing and setting down precisely what happens when native speakers speak it.2. Each language is unique in its pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. It cannot be described in terms of logic or of some theoretical, ideal language. It cannot be described in terms of any other language, or evenin terms of its own past.3. All languages are dynamic rather than static, and hence a "rule" in any language can only be a statement of contemporary practice. Change is constant -- and normal4. "Correctness" can rest only upon usage, for the simple reason that there is nothing else for it to rest on. And all usage is relative.From these propositions it follows that a dictionary is good only insofar as it is a comprehensive and accurate description of current usage. And to be comprehensive it must include some indication of social and regional associations.New dictionaries are needed because English changed more in the past two generations than at any other time in its history. It has had to adapt to extraordinary cultural and technological changes, two world wars, unparalleled changes in transportation and communication, and unprecedented movements of populations.More subtly , but pervasively, it has changed under the influence of mass education and the growth of democracy. As written English is used by increasing millions and f-or more reasons than ever before, the language has become more utilitarian and more informal. Every publication in America today includes pages that would appear, to the purist of forty years ago, unbuttoned gibberish . Not that they are; they simply show that you can't hold the language of one generation up as a model for the next.It's not that you mustn't. You can't. For example, in the issue in which Life stated editorially that it would folly the Second International, there were over forty words constructions, and meanings which are in the Third International but not in the Second. The issue of the New York Times which hailed the Second International as the authority to which it would adhere and the Third International as a scandal and a betrayal which it would reject used one hundred and fifty-three separate words, phrases, and constructions which are listed in the Third International but not g the Second and nineteen others which are condemned in the Second. Many of them are used many times, more than three hundred such uses in all. The Washington Post, in an editorial captioned "Keep Your Old Webster's, " says, in the first sentence, "don't throw it away," and in the second, "hang on to it." But the old Webster's labels don't "colloquial" and doesn't include "hang on to," in this sense, at all.In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describes, even the very editorials which scorn it. And this is no coincidence , because the Third International isn't setting up any new standards at all; it is simply describing what Life, the Washing-ton Post, and the New York Times are doing. Much of the dictionary's material comes from these very publications, the Times, in particular, furnishing more of its illustrative quotations than any other newspaper.And the papers have no choice. No journal or periodical could sell a single issue today if it restricted itself to the American language of twenty-eight years ago. It couldn't discuss halt the things we are inter ester in, and its style would seem stiff and cumbrous . If the editorials were serious, the public -- and the stockholders -- have reason to be grateful that the writers on these publications are more literate than the editors.And so back to our questions: what's a dictionary for, and how, in 1962, can it best do what it ought to do? The demands are simple. The common reader turns to a dictionary for information about the spelling, pronunciation, meaning, and proper use of words. He wants to know what is current and respectable. But he wants – and has a right to – the truth, the full truth. And the full truth about any language, and especially about American English today, is that there are many areas in which certainty is impossible and simplification is misleading.Even in so settled a matter as spelling, a dictionary cannot always be absolute. Theater is correct, but so is theatre. And so are traveled and travelled, plow and plough, catalog and catalogue, and scores of other variants The reader may want a single certainty. He may have taken an unyielding position in an argument, he may have wagered in support of his conviction and may demand that the dictionary "settle" the matter. But neither hisvanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary's; it must record the facts. And the fact here is that there are many words in our language which may be spelled, with equal correctness, in either of two ways.So with pronunciation. A citizen listening to his radio might notice that James B. Conant, Bernard Baruch, and Dwight D. Eisenhower pronounce economics as ECKuhnomiks, while A. Whitney Griswold, Adlai Stevenson, and Herbert Hoover pronounce it EEKuhnomiks. He turns to the dictionary to see which of the two pronunciations is "right" and finds that they are both acceptable.Has he been betrayed‘? Has the dictionary abdicated its responsibility? Should it say that one must speak like the president of Harvard or like the president of Yale, like the thirty-first President of the United States or like the thirty-fourth? Surely it's none of its business to make a choice. Not because of the distinction of these particular speakers; lexicography, like God, is no respecter of persons. But because so wide-spread and conspicuous a use of two pronunciations among people of this elevation shows that there are two pronunciations. Their speaking establishes the fact which the dictionary must record.The average purchaser of a dictionary uses it most often, probably, to find out what a word "means." As a reader, he wants to know what an author intended to convey. As a speaker or writer, he wants to know what a word will convey to his auditor s. And this, too, is complex, subtle, and for ever changing.An illustration is furnished by an editorial in the Washington Post (January 17, 1962). After a ringing appeal to those who "love truth and accuracy" and the usual bombinations about "abdication of authority" and " barbarism ," the editorial charges the Third International with " pretentious and obscure verbosity " and specifically instances its definition of "so simple an object as a door.” The definition reads:a movable piece of firm material or a structure supported usu. along one side and swinging on pivots or hinges , sliding along a groove , roiling up and down, revolving as one of four leaves, or folding like an accordion by means of which an opening may be closed or kept open for passage into or out of a building, room, or other covered enclosure or a car, airplane, elevator, or other vehicle. Then follows a series of special meanings, each particularity defined and, where necessary, illustrated by a quotation Since, aside from roaring and admonishing the "gentle men from Springfield" that "accuracy and brevity are virtues,” the Post's editorial tails to explain what is wrong with the definition, we can only infer from "so simple" a thing that the writer takes the plain, downright, man-in-the street attitude that a door is a door and any damn fool knows that.But if so, he has walked into one of lexicography's biggest booby traps: the belief that the obvious is easy to define. Whereas the opposite is true. Anyone can give a fair description of the strange, the new, or the unique. It's the commonplace, the habitual, that challenges definition, for its very commonness compels us to define it in uncommon terms. Dr. Johnson was ridiculed on just this score when his dictionary appeared in 1755. For two hundred years his definition of a network as "any thing reticulated or decussated , at equal distances, with interstices between the inter sections” has been good for a laugh. But in the merriment one thing is always overlooked: no one has yet come up with a better definition! Subsequent dictionaries defined it as a mesh and then defined a mesh as a network. That's simple, all right.Anyone who attempts sincerely to state what the were door means in the United States of America today can't take refuge in a log cabin. There has been an enormous proliferation of closing and demarking devices and structure in the past twenty years, and anyone who tries to thread his way through the many meanings now included under door may have to sacrifice brevity to accuracy and even have to employ words that a limited vocabulary may find obscure.Is the entrance to a tent a door, for instance? And What of the thing that seals the exit of an air plane‘? Is this a door? Or what of those sheets and jets of air that are now being used, in place of old-fashioned oak and hinges, to screen entrances and exists? Are they doors? And what of that accordion-like things that set off various sections of many modern apartments? The fine print in the lease takes it for granted that they are doors and that spaces demarked by them are rooms -- and the rent is computed on the number of rooms.Was I gypped by the landlord when he called the folding contraption that shuts off my kitchen a door? I go to the Second Inter national, which the editor of the Post urges me to use in preference to the Third International. Here I find that a door isThe movable frame or barrier of boards, or other material, usually turning on hinges or pivots or sliding, by which an entranceway into a house or apartment is closed and opened; also, a similar part of a piece of furniture, as in a cabinet or book case. This is only forty-six words, but though it includes the cellar it excludes the barn door and the accordion-like thingSo I go on to the Third International. I see at once that. the new definition is longer. But I'm looking for accuracy,and if I must sacrifice brevity. to get it, then I must. And sure enough, in the definition which raised the Post's blood pressure, I find the words "folding like an accordion.” The thing is a door, and my landlord is using the word in one of its currently accepted meanings.The new dictionary may have many faults. Nothing that tries to meet an ever-changing situation over a terrain as vast as contemporary English can hope to be free of them and much in it is open to honest and informed, disagreement. There can be linguistic objection to the eradication of proper names. The removal of guides to pronunciation from the toot of every page may not have been worth the valuable space it saved. The new method of defining words of many meanings has disadvantages as well as advantages. And of the half million or more definitions, hundreds, possibly thousands, may seem inadequate or imprecise. To some (of whom I am one) the omission of the label "colloquial" will seem meritorious ; to others it will seem a loss.But one thing is certain: anyone who solemnly announces in the year 1962 that he will be guided in matter s of English usage by a dictionary published in 1934 is talking ignorant and pretentious nonsense.。

高级英语第一册 11课后答案

高级英语第一册 11课后答案高级英语第一册 11课后答案IV.1)anemia 2)anesthesia 3)behavior 4)favorite5)check 6)center 7)meter 8)defense 9)dialog10)gram 11) program 12)modeled 13)practice14)maneuver 15)Moslem 16)fulfillV .1)shame, disgrace 2)speed up the lowering of the quality 3)horrible, shocking/disgusting, very bad 4)quotations 5)difference, disagreement 6)forces 7)removed, taken away/irrelevant, not essential 8) given up, neglected9)listeners 10) wordiness 11)increase 12)removal Vl.1)to see sth. as 2)hoax 3)to charge 4)to set up5)to follow 6)quotation 7)to limit 8)to record9)current 10)distinction 11)to be the business of Ⅶ.1)Life regarded the dictionary being full of words that have not come to be accepted.2)The difference...is by no means insignificant, it is basic.3) Modern linguistics take Leonard Bloomfield's Language (1933)as its authority.4)But if so, he has made unconsciously one of the biggest mistakes one is liable to make in dictionary making.5)Anyone who tries to sort out the many meanings now included under door may have to sacrifice brevity to accuracy.6)And, sure enough, in the definition which made the Post angry... Ⅷ.1)alliteration and sarcasm 2)assonance and antithesis 3)metonymy 4) metonymy 5) synecdoche 6) sarcasm7)synecdoche 8)But one thing is certain：anyone who…nonsense．Ⅹ．1)我们已达成了协议。

高级英语(1)课后习题参考答案&期末考试复习资料

Unit 1I. Paraphrase:1. We are now 23 feet above the sea level.2. The house was built in 1915, and since then no hurricane has done any damage to it.3. We can make careful preparations and come through it.4. Water got into the generator. It stopped working. So the lights were put out.5. Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.6. The electrical systems had been watered and stopped working.7. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.8. Oh God, please help us overcome this storm.9. She sang a few words alone and then she stopped.10. Later on, Janis .showed a sign of sufferingⅡ. Translation (C-E)1. Each and every plane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off.2. The residents were firmly opposed to the construction of a waste incineration plant in their neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the plant’s emissions polluting the air.3. Investment in ecological projects in this area mounted up to billions of Yuan.4. The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes.5. Although war caused great losses to this country, its cultural traditions did not perish.6. To make space for modern high rises, many ancient buildings with ethnic cultural features had to be demolished.7. In the earthquake the main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated.8. His wonderful dream vanished into the air despite his hard efforts to achieve his goals. Ⅲ. Translation (E-C)1. 但是，和住在沿海的其他成千上万的居民一样，约翰不愿舍弃家园，除非他的家人---妻子珍妮丝和他们的七个孩子，大的11岁，小的才3岁---明显处于危险之中。

张汉熙《高级英语(1)》(第3版重排版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(11-1

Lesson11The Way to Rainy Mountain一、词汇短语1.blizzard[]n.a severe snowstorm characterized by coldtemperatures and heavy drifting of snow大风雪2.anvil[]n.an iron block on which a blacksmith puts hot pieces ofmetal before shaping them with a hammer铁砧，[解]砧骨3.brittle[]adj.hard but easily broken易碎的，脆弱的4.hickory[]n.the hard wood of the N American hickory tree山核桃属植物5.pecan[]n.the nut of the American pecan tree with a smoothpinkish-brown shell美洲山核桃树6.witch hazel[]n.any of several shrubs or trees of thegenus Hamamelis;bark yields an astringent lotion金缕梅7.foliage[]n.the leaves of a tree or plant;leaves and branches together树叶，植物8.writhe[]v.to twist or move your body without stopping,often becauseyou are in great pain翻腾9.grasshopper[]n.an insect with long back legs,that can jump very high and that makesa sound with its legs蚱蜢，蝗虫10.preeminently[]adv.to a very great degree; especially卓越地；杰出地11.disposition[]n.the natural qualities of a person’s character性情，性格12.grim[]adj.looking or sounding very serious,unpleasant and depressing严酷的，冷酷的13.unrelenting[]adj.1)not stopping or becoming lesssevere;2)if a person is unrelenting,they continue with somethingwithout considering the feelings of other people不宽恕的，不屈不挠的；无情的，冷酷的14.canyon[]n.a long,narrow valley between high cliffs,often with astream flowing through it(美)峡谷，溪谷15.pillage[]n.the act of stealing things from a place or region,especially in a war,using violence掠夺16.corral[]n.an closure for holding or capturing horses,cattle or other animals畜栏17.affliction[]n.pain and suffering or something that causes it 痛苦，苦恼18.brooding[]adj.sad and mysterious or threatening沉思的，徘徊不去的19.divinity[]n.the quality of being a god or like God神，神学，神性，上帝20.cleavage[]n.a division or split between people or groups劈开，分裂21.elk[]n.a large deer that lives in the north of Europe,Asia and NorthAmerica.In North America it is called a moose.美洲赤鹿22.badger[]n.an animal with grey fur and wide black and white lineson its head.Badgers are nocturnal(=active mostly at night)and live inholes in the ground.獾23.flax[]n.a plant with blue flowers,grown for its stem that is used tomake thread and its seeds that are used to make linseed oil亚麻24.buckwheat[]n.small darkseed that is grown as food for animals and for making flour荞麦25.stonecrop[]n.(植物)景天rkspur[]n.a tall garden plant with blue,pink or whiteflowers growing up its stem翠雀属植物27.billow[]v.1)to fill with air and swell out;2)to fill with air and swell out翻腾28.sweet clover[]n.草木樨植物29.lee[]n.a sheltered place,especially one on that side of anything awayfrom the wind背风处，庇护所30.profusion[]n.a very large quantity of something丰富，充沛，慷慨31.deity[]n.the state of being a god;divine nature;a god orgoddess神，神性32.solstice[]n.either of the two times of the year at which the sunreaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at midday,marked by thelongest and shortest days至日；冬至或夏至33.caldron[]n.a large kettle or boiler大锅(炉)，大汽锅34.wean[]v.to cause(oneself or someone else)to give up a former habit;to withdraw(a person)by degrees(from a habit,object of affection,etc.)asby substituting some other interest使断奶，使放弃，使断念35.ridge[]n.a narrow area of high land along the top of a line of hills;ahigh pointed area near the top of a mountain山脊，屋脊36.upthrust[]n.the force with which a liquid or gas pushes upagainst an object that is floating in it向上推，浮力；(地质)地壳隆起37.engender[]v.to make a feeling or situation exist造成38.score[]v.to make cuts or lines in or on something把……记下；划线，刻划；获得；评价39.kinsmen[]v.a male relative男性亲属40.tenuous[]adj.1)so weak or uncertain that it hardly exists;2)extremely thin and easily broken纤细的，脆弱的；稀薄的；贫乏的41.reverence[]n.a feeling of great respect or admiration forsomebody/something尊敬，敬畏42.consummate[]adj.extremely skilled;perfect完美的，圆满的43.impale[]v.to pierce through or fix with a sharp object刺穿，(作为刑罚)把……钉在尖桩上；使绝望44.barter[]n.the system of exchanging goods,property,services,etc.for other goods,etc.without using money物品交换，实物交易45.deicide[]n.the killing of a god杀神，杀神者，害死耶稣的人46.skillet[]n.a small frying pan煮锅，长柄浅锅47.rambling[]adj.spreading in various directions with noparticular pattern漫步的，散漫的，流浪性的48.shawl[]n.a large piece of cloth worn by a woman around the shouldersor head,or wrapped around a baby披肩，围巾49.sentinel[]n.a soldier whose job is to guard something哨兵50.opaque[]adj.not able to be seen through;not transparent ortranslucent不透明的，不传热的，迟钝的51.abide[]v.to dislike somebody/something so much that you hatehaving to be with or deal with them忍受，容忍；持续，遵守52.ample[]rge,often in an attractive way充足的，丰富的，宽敞的53.council[]n.a group of people who are elected to govern anarea such as a city or county政务会，理事会，委员会54.servitude[]n.the condition of being a slave or beingforced to obey another person劳役，奴役；奴隶状态；地役权55.fright[]n.a feeling of fear惊骇，惊吓，害怕56.nocturnal[]adj.of the night夜的，夜曲的，夜间发生的57.wake[]n.a watch or vigil held over the body of a dead person duringthe night before burial(葬礼前)守夜，看护58.perch[]v.to alight or rest on栖息，位于，使坐落于59.handrail[]n.a long,narrow bar that you can hold onto forsupport,for example when you are going up or down stairs栏杆，扶手60.purl[]v.to flow with a gentle movement and a murmuring sound潺潺流水61.scissortail[]n.(美洲)叉尾霸鹟62.hie[]v.to go quickly催促，赶快二、课文精解1.The Way to Rainy Mountain：《雨山之路》（1969年）是由普利策奖获得者斯科特写的一篇散文。

高级英语答案第一册习题翻译unit 1.2.5.6.9.10.

Lesson 11A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.2At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.3I really don't know what it is that has made him so angry.4The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs.5Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see.6They decided to buy that house with. a garage attached.7The teachers make a point of being strict with the students.8This little girl is very much attached to her father.9To achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learning from the advanced science and technology of other countries.10As dusk fell, daylight faded away.11The apprentice watched his master carefully and then followed suit.12Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner.The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic - arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavernwhich extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance.此时此刻显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市,其入口处是一座古老的砖石结构的哥特式拱门。

高级英语第一册课后翻译答案

I can’t imagine what prompted him to pursue a graduate program at hi s age.2. He set out at six. an hour ahead of his usual time for going to of fice.3. I could see Jimmy was eager to tell me about the interview. Laughi ngly, he said, “When I walked to the desk, the manager looked up , t ook stock of me, then asked me a few questions and said ‘ OK’.”4. Virtually under house arrest, the general took refuge in tradition al Chinese calligraphy and found peace and solace in ink and water.5. As the Shanghai-Beijing train was due to leave at 17:25, I had to take a taxi.6. Like Mrs Taylor, Mrs Green lives a lonely life on a skimpy pension. Cooped up in a small dreary room day after day, she is starved for c ompany.7. The woman scientist said, “ I can do without jewels, I can even d o without a car, but I can’t do without my books and laboratory.”8. The hustle and bustle before setting out, the car ride and the pic nic itself filled the children with thrill and excitement.9. As the boat sailed on, the young girls were enthralled by the pict uresque scenery around them.10. Annie was surprised to find Stephen in the corridor. “What is he doing here at this hour of the night?” she asked herself.11. for a moment I did not recognize her, for instead of the lively g irl I knew, she looked like a fashion model in her new green velvet d ress and green shoes, her hair done up at the top.12. This was his first visit to his home village after forty years and he brought with him many nostalgic memories.13. That night she tossed and turned in her bed, unable to go to slee p, all kinds of thoughts flashing through her mind.14. It is quite a job cooking a good dinner for twelve.15. As the twin sisters look very much alike, people often mistake one for the other.16. When the old lady got home, she found the door open and everything in the drawers of her dresser had been tossed and turned over and o ver. She tried to check what was missing and found, to her dismay, se veral pieces of jewelry including a pearl necklace, a pair of gold ch ain bangles, and three precious stone brooches had disappeared.17 I ought to have taken trolley bus No.21. What I saw one morning I ran as fast as I could to the stop and got on. It was too late when I found I had taken the wrong trolley bus, for it was a No. 15 which I had mistaken for a No.21.but the conductor said I could change t the next stop.18. The friend she missed most was Lee, a shy girl who had never refu sed her anything.Lesson Two1. She opened the window and found a crowd of children, shabby in dress and dirty from play, gathered at the gate.2.A new upsurge in economic construction is taking shape in our country.3. As a child Bill was quite naughty, and his mother envisioned him as an im aginative architect.4.They confronted reality with courage, and would never capitulate in the face of difficulty.5. Susan is not bright, but she is painstaking; as a result she always comes ou t top in the examinations.6. They are ready to deal with an enemy assault at any time.7. Mr Johnson is a man of moral integrity, and his behavior is impeccable.8. Our new 18-story office building looks most imposing.9. They have achieved great success in the realm of foreign affairs in the past few years.10.Tom is a slick politician, never making a commitment and always giving a dubious reply.11.After dinner he described at length the strange customs he had found in tha t exotic land.12.At first I could not understand why he resigned. It turned out that he had plans of his own.13. Wars and natural disasters in those years had reduced the village people to dire poverty. The small neighboring town became a place all would like to e scape to .14.Huge investment in urban infrastructures is a prerequisite of building Shang hai into a truly great metropolis.15.The students were required to write a composition after they returned from the picnic and this took all the fun out of the activity.16. Youngsters and adults alike should be advised against extravagant habits. Lesson three1 What Tom needs at present is not financial support but wholesome advice.2 The two brothers resemble each other in all respects except ( in) temperame nt.3 My advice is that from now on you have nothing to do with him.4 It is no exaggeration to say Bob owes all he now has to your father.5 The proposal might be turned down at the meeting though I am in favor of it.6 The way he laughed made my flesh creep.7 The sharp –edged irony in his essays distinguishes him from other 8riters.9 Ro y’s references to the mismanagement in his factory revealed his ignorance.10 How is it that your arrival has anticipated your telegram?11 As your parents see the matter in a different light they probably will not c onsent to the plan.12 The incongruities between his income and his expenditure have thrown dou bt on his character.13 Hostile feelings are usually caused not so much by dislike as by wounded pride.14 A judge must be detached when weighing evidence.Lesson 41. As the footsteps came near, she roused herself, picked a book from the she lf and pretended to be reading.2. During the two-hour performance, the audience sat there entranced and thun derous applause broke out when the curtain fell.3. At midnight the Japanese tourists stood in the hall of the ancient temple, lis tening to the ringing of the bell reverberating through the valley.4. If you take a stroll along the Nangjing road after supper, you will see a myriad of dazzling lights which make Nanjing road as bright as day.5. The next day when she drew the curtain and opened the window, she fo und the fog had blotted out the whole view: the mountain, the lake and everyt hing.6. Owing to mismanagement and slack business the firm went bankrupt.7. Prostitution is a plague which should be eliminated right away.8. The pleasant conversation was drowned by the noisy firecrackers.9. She felt enraptured as she roamed amidst miles of green foliage in the hills.10. The sofa sank in under the constant weight of the occupant--- a full 120 kg.11. Manufacturers who overlook the quality of their products are bound to fail in competition.12. Since you disapprove (of) the project why did you vote for it?13. As he has been exceedingly busy these days, his occasional absence from the regular meetings is readily understood.14. If you see a roach in your house there must be at least five hundred of them, for the roach multiplies very fast.Lesson Five1. More and more foreign businessmen have come to see that investment in China involves little task.2. May I ask, if you were in my position, how would you deal with this fo rmidable enemy?3. When she got home, Rose was stunned at what she saw before her. Som eone must have slipped in through the broken window. Then, it occurred to he r to do what was the most sensible thing under the circumstances--- to call the police.4. The new inventions are bound to bring great profits to our enterprise.5. The shadow of terrorism looms larger and larger in some Western countri es.6. The girl made strict demands on herself and worked very hard.7. You must not forget that sound judgment is supposed to be her forte.8. His brother excels in water color rather than in oil painting.9. Well, much effort has been made to rid the house of the roachesbut in vain.You mustn’t lose hope. Try again and again.10. Fred was not aware that his short hair and new clothes had given him aw ay.11. In recent years some women, though not many, have distinguished themsel ves in the political arena or the financial world hitherto monopolized by men.12. I hope you will take into account the state of mind he was in under those circumstances and give him another chance.13. Many students are thrown into a state of confusion and anxiety when they find the values gained in college are out of place in society at large.14. The mother said, “ My son, listen to me. Quit gambling. If you do not, i t will involve you deeply in debt and you will be ruined.”15. I will introduce you to her but I warn you beforehand that she moves in very exclusive social circles.16. The book deals with the life and experiences of a self-made man.17. I was told he had been taken in. To put it bluntly, that man is a fool.18. College students are much more concerned with job opportunities after the ir graduation nowadays than a few years ago.Lesson 71 The preface to Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English was written by Randolph Quick.2 In his a rticle he paid tribute to China’s great achievements.3 Justice prevailed; the guilty man who had killed her father was punished.4 He is a famous director, but he is always simply dressed, amiable and easy of approach, never using pretentious language in his talk.5 The food is only so-so in that restaurant; the one redeeming feature is its fi ne service.6 Jack said he felt drawn to this singer.7 Though a bedridden invalid, she remains optimistic about life.8 We should go ahead defying all difficulties.9 When he heard the news, smile faded from his face.10 Mary intended to expand her article into a book.11 The plane fully loaded with cargo and passengers took off on time.12 They are facing unprecedented difficulties, and it is our indispensable duty to help them.13 He and Jack studied in the same class for three years, and he took Jack in to his confidence, telling him everything concerning his affairs.Lesson 8Translation1 The traditional feast has gone out of fashion, giving way to seafood, and sp ecial night snacks are in fashion now.2 Although steamed mandarin fish was on the menu, I was told it was it was not available that day.3 He had to decline the offer, for the terms seemed unacceptable to his corpor ation.4 The local people spared no expense to renovate Yi Garden and Da Long Te mple, which are of historical and cultural value and are great attractions to tou rists.5 I remember the party was held in that hotel. The ballroom then was certainl y not luxurious by today’s stan dards.6 Like the other guests, she dipped the freshly boiled shrimp into the sauce b efore she put it in her mouth; she found it very, very tasty.7 Many Americans like Chinese cuisine, and Sichuan-style cooking in particula r.8 In recent years in Shanghai and other large cities, the typical Chinese breakf ast of porridge or gruel has been supplanted by bread and milk which is more nutritious and time-saving.9 In summer when she gets home from office, leather shoes are cast in favor of slippers.10 Vacuum packing is adopted so as to keep the food free of bacteria.11 She wears shorts, rather than skirts, for shorts are in fashion now, but year s ago well-bred young ladies were mostly seen in dresses.12 Generally speaking, the defeated general should be removed from his post, but I hope Mr. Lee will be an exception to the practice. Give him another ch ance. That is my idea.13 Now writers may choose from a wide variety of topics, many of which we re taboos in those years.14 Restraint in her manner became more marked as the conversation went on.15 Before work the girls rolled up their sleeves to keep them free of soot and dirt.16 The old lady watched with amazement as the youngster wolfed down plates of food in no time.17 In my grandfather day, people in his village never went to the butcher for meat.18 They killed their own pigs for the Spring Festival. As a rule the hog was bound tight and placed on a thick board and the slaughtering was done in vie w of village people, mainly young men and boys. My father thought the scene distasteful and was never a spectator to it.Lesson 9He was born in a peasant family and grew up in an environment of poverty. Do not worry. The insurance company will remunerate you for your loss. When people asked me why I would go to study abroad, I was hard put (to i t) to answer the question.Three people were cruelly killed last night, and the police are trying to ascerta in the facts about the murder.Ten years ago Jack made a meager 500 dollars a month.Tom thought it profitable to be in the second-hand car business. Sometimes he bought an old car for 200 dollars, but with a turn of the wrist he could sell it for 400 dollars.The police officer Hunter was on leave, but as soon as he was given the urge nt task, he pitched in without the least hesitation.After the death of Mr Johnson, his wife became the company’s president both in name and in reality.His son has a poor physique and is prone to illness.The ruffian dropped his gun and ran down the street, with two policemen in h ot pursuit.He gave in to our persuasion and acquiesced in Bill’s suggestion.Mr Brown decided to endow the university where he had studied for four year s.Insufficiently trained workers are prone to turn out rejects (defective goods, su bstantial product).She was hard put to find a solution to the domestic financial crisis.Lesson 10In fairness to him, he is a good actor, though not without his limitations.She never imagined that her husband’s joke could actually have put her guests on edge.3.The great success of the battle owed much to the timing of the attack that t ook the enemy by surprise.4.I find him very agreeable, and I am sure you will enjoy his company imme nsely as he is a jovial fellow, always in the best of humor.5. It was the first time he played billiards. He listened carefully to the instruct ions given him by John and took them seriously.6. She knew the old man was getting sore. As she looked out of the corner of her eye, she found him trying hard to hide his feelings with a forced smile.7.I had no idea that he was the celebrated actor. When he talked he had none of that air of professionalism.8. The last time I saw Vance was in his home town in the seventies. I found him a disillusioned man. His dream, his hope, the things that he stood for had all been shattered.9. Though a good hand at bridge, this time he decided to watch rather than pl ay.10 .Having heard what she had to say, he grew meditative and the angry exp ression on his faced softened.11.I detected a trace of mockery in his eyes as he heaped his praises on the writer.12. Forced into a corner , he had to fight back and this he did with all his st rength and he survived.13. We had three games of chess yesterday, and I was beaten in all three. The news is no surprise , since he is a professional and you are an amateur.14.The tone in his voice told me that what he had just said could not be the whole story. There was something else though I knew not what。

高级英语第三版第一册课后英译汉答案

1.We’re23feet above sea level.2.The house has been here since1915,andno hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.3.We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4.Water got into the generator and put it out.It stopped producing electricity,so the lights also went out.5.Everybody goes out through the back door and runs to the cars!6.The electrical systems in the car(the battery for the starter)had been put out by w ater.7.As John watched the water inch its way up the steps,he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee i nland.8.Oh God,please help us to get through this storm safely9.Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew di mmer and finally stopped.10.Janis displayed the fear caused by the hurricanerather late.1.每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。

大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案

大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案1）谐趣园是仿照无锡的一座花园建造的。

The Garden of Harmonious Interest was modeled on a garden in Wuxi.2）他号召孩子们以 ___英雄为榜样。

He called on the children to model themselves on the PLA heroes.3）这本书应归入哲学类。

This work may be related to philosophy.4）本杰明·富兰克林不仅是政治家，而且还是科学家、发明家。

Benjamin Franklin was as much a scientist and an inventor as a statesman.5）他把每次试验的结果都记在本子上。

He set down all the findings of every experiment in his notebook.6）你能用简明的语言概括这首古诗的中心思想吗？Can you sum up the central idea of this ancient poem in plain terms?7）我们应不断地使自己的思想适应变化的情况。

We should constantly adapt our thinking to the changing conditions.8）年轻的士兵冻死在雪地里，手里还紧握着枪。

The young soldier was frozen to death in the snow, his hands still hanging on to a gun.9）该公司将为他们提供住宿和交通工具。

The said pany will furnishthem with lodging and transportation.10）车速限制在每小时55公里之内。

大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案

大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案篇一：高级英语第一册课后Lesson 1The Middle Eastern BazaarI．1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries．Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt．2)The bazaar includes many markets：cloth—market，copper— smiths’market．carpet—market，food—market，dye—market，pottery—market，carpenters’market，etc．They represent the backward feudal economy．3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing．Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar．4)Because the earthen floor，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit.5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgetable scene.II .1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3)they drop some of items that they don t really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4)He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5)As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.Ⅲ. See the translation of text.IV.1)n. +n..seaside, doorway, graveyard, warlord2)n. +v..daybreak, mooise, bullfight3)v. +n..cutback, cutthroat, rollway4)adj. +n..shortterm, softcoal, softliner, hardware5)adv. +v. .output , upgrade, downpour6)v. +adv..pullover, buildupV.1)thread (n.) she failed to put the thread through the eye of the needle.(v.) He threaded through the throng.2)round (v.) On the 1st of September the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope. (adv.) He wheeled round and faced me angrily.3)narrow(v.) In the discussions we did not narrow the gap any further. (adj．)He failed by a very narrow margin．4)price(n．) The defence secretary said the U．S．was not looking for an agreement at any price．(v．)At the present consumption rates(of oil)the world may well be pricing itself out of its future．5) (v．)live About 40％of the population lives on the land and tries to live off it． (adj．)The nation heard the inaugural speech in a live broadcast．6)tower (n．)The tower was built in the 1 4th century．(v．)The general towered over his contemporaries．7)dwarf (v．)A third of the nation s capital goods are shipped from this area，which dwarfs West Germany s mighty Ruhr Valley in industrial output．(n．)Have you ever read the story of Snow White and the Dwarfs?Ⅵ．1)light and heat：glare，dark，shadowy，dancing flashes．the red of the live coals，glowing bright，dimming，etc．2)sound and movement：enter，pass，thread their way．penetrate，selecting，pricing，doing a little preliminary bargaining，din，tinkling，banging，clashing，creak，squeaking，rumbling，etc．3)smell and colour：profusion of rich colours，pungent and exotic smells，etc．Ⅶ．1)glare指刺眼的光；brightness指光源发出的强烈稳定的光，强调光的强度。

高英第一册课后答案

Lesson 1II .1)little donkeys move with difficulty through crowds of people.2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappears, and you come to the relatively quieter cloth-market.3) They drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4) He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5) As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.Ⅲ1.此时此刻显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市，其入口处是一座古老的砖石结构的哥特式拱门。

你首先要穿过一个赤日耀眼、灼热逼人的大型露天广场，然后走进一个凉爽、幽暗的洞穴。

这市场一直向前延伸，一眼望不到尽头，消失在远处的阴影里。

2.对于顾客来说，至关重要的一点是，不到最后一刻是不能让店主猜到她心里究竟中意哪样东西、想买哪样东西的。

3而在卖主那一方来说，他必须竭尽全力地声称，他开出的价钱使他根本无利可图，而他之所以愿意这样做完全是出于他本人对顾客的敬重。

4. 作为磙轴，磙轴的一端与一根立柱相连，使石磙可以绕立柱作旋转运动，另一端则套在一头蒙着眼罩的骆驼身上，通过骆驼不停地绕圈子走动来带动石磙旋转。

unit.11.现代大学英语精读第一册1maheegun.my.brother.答案

u n i t.11.现代大学英语精读第一册1m a h e e g u n.m y.b r o th e r.答案-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1V. Key to ExercisesVocabulary[1]. Become familiar with the rules of word formation.1. Make compound adjectives following the given example.1. blood-soaked2. hand-made3. sugar-coated 5. church-controlled4. enemy-occupied2. Translate the following expressions into Chinese paying attention to the different use of the prefix "un-".l解开拴狗的铁链 7打开门锁2 解开外套扣子 8解开绳子3脱去婴儿的衣服 9卸掉船上的货4把鸟从笼子里放出去 10揭露秘密5拉开短上衣的拉链 11打开包裹6拔开瓶塞 12展开卷着的地圈3 Decide whether the adjectives in the brackets can he used as verbs ~r should be turned into verbs by adding the verb suffix "-en'. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.1. thickened 6. widened, deepened2. thinning 7. narrow3. emptied 8. wetted, cleared4. cool 9. weakened5. warmed 10. slow, quicken[2] Translate the following phrases into English.1, keep a dog, keep a car, keep horses, keep fish, raise children2. gain strength, gain weight, gain speed, gain profits, gain experience3. upset the basket, upset a person, upset a plan, upset the balance4. make a fire, set fire, light a fire, catch fire, put out fire5. raise the rifle/gun, lift one's head, poke one's head, tower one's head. rinse one's voice.lower one's voice6. lay/set the table, lay the foundation, lay a trap, sit on eggs7. fog the mind, confused the readers, complicate the matter8. fill the pipe, fill the box, fill the gap, store/gather food, store information store nuclearwaste[3] Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the bracketsaccording to the sentence patterns in bold.1. that the time bomb exploded2, that the terrible earthquake took place in Tangshan3. until it was too late4. until after he died5. before I came to realize my mistake6. before man began to know that they could not try to conquer nature day and night7, before 1 remembered that I bad forgotten to tell her something important8. before he lost his wife in a car accident9, Not that my husband was the most clever or the most handsome10. Not that she doesn't have her share of serious problemsl 1. when we bad to worry where our next meal might be12. when we did not have to be afraid that there would not be enough clean air and water13. , who gave us great joy14. which changed every aspect of our lifeI5. shivering with cold16. with his clothes soaked with blood17. described as one of the most forgetful persons in the world ever18. the most upright person in the world ever19. only to drop it on his own toes20. only to find the man a police officer[4] Rewrite the following sentences replacing the parts in bold type with the correctform of the words and expressions listed below. Some answers may be used more than once.1. Fan the fire back to life 6. in search of, has been left unchanged2. in search of 7. caused (to fall), eventually3. all the best for him, for life 8. sailed, demanding4. work his way through 9. demanded, taken its toll on5. not that, serve 10. come into focus[5] Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1. across, for, out 6. to2. by, over 7. up, for, into3. across/upon, out, from 8. through, into4. for, to 9. at, with, in, to5. upon, with[6] Translate the following sentences using words and phrases taken from the text. l. I am quite curious how you came to decide to study English.2. It wasn't until the reform and opening-up started when people began to realize that themarket was not a bad thing.3. None of those generals, officials and scholars knew how to weigh the elephant, butyoung child suddenly came up with a brilliant idea.4. The biggest difficulty we came across/up against was lack of food. Therefore it nevercame to our mind that one day we might have to live on a diet.5. I have never heard of this expression. Where did you come across it?6, The paint of that old temple is coming off It needs repainting.7. The water here was not deep. It only came to an ordinary man's chest. So they coniceasily come across the river here.8. The door opened suddenly and out jumped a dog. It started barking at me anddidn't quiet down until its master came out.9. Gone was the beautiful meadow, and in its place stood a big hotel.10. Our most urgent need is to protect the life of those Chinese who were kidnapped by theterrorists.[7] Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the words in hold type whichmay have different meanings in different contexts,l我听说他父亲去世以后他就不得不开始工作了，所以他受的教育不多，这々他b痛不已。

《高级英语（第一册）》课后翻译习题及答案

《高级英语（第一册）》课后翻译习题及答案Lesson 1 the Middle Eastern Bazaar1) Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people.little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market.Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3) they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price downthey drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4) he will price the item high, and yield little in the bargainingHe will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your earAs you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strikeyour ear.X．1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.2)集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.3) 我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。

大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案

大学高级英语第一册第11课译文及课后答案篇一：张汉熙高级英语第一册课后翻译11-161）谐趣园是仿照无锡的一座花园建造的。

The Garden of Harmonious Interest iddle Eastern countries. 2）第三世界国家决心独立地发展自己的工业。

The Third e aterials. 10）美国国会批准了这项条约，使它立即生效。

The U.S. Congress ratified the treaty, thus bringing it into force at once. 11）一座新的电报大楼即将完工并交付使用。

A neoslem 16)fulfillV .1)shame, disgrace 2)speed up the loodern linguistics take Leonard Bloomfield's Language (1933)as its authority.4)But if so, he has made unconsciously one of the biggest mistakes one is liable to make in dictionary making.5)Anyone aggie.Soon he knoaggie, so he stops trying to shake hands aggie.11)Though, in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil ent. 1)一场大火把贫民区三百多座房子夷为平地。

A big fire burned to the ground more than 300 homes in the slum neighborhood.2)只要你为人正直，不怕失去什么，那你对任何人都不会畏惧。

高级英语（1）第三版Lesson11TheWaytoRainyMountain翻译答案

⾼级英语（1）第三版Lesson11TheWaytoRainyMountain 翻译答案Lesson 111.政治局势的新变化使得这两个⽐较⼩的政党结成了联盟。

2.他的失败在于他的性情⽽不是能⼒。

3.我有个重要问题想和你讨论。

你能抽出半个⼩时吗？4.有很多⼈喜欢在⽹上聊天，这样他们可以免除当⾯谈话时可能遇到的尴尬。

5.这些河流再也不清澈了，河⽔的质量降低到了劣五级，连灌溉农⽥都不能⽤了。

6.⽂章虽短，但其象征性含义却很丰富，值得深⼊分析。

7.雪⼭⾼耸⼊云，其神秘的美丽⽆与伦⽐。

8.他从⼩离开家，和⽗母很少见⾯，所以在⽗亲⾯前总是有些约束。

9.这次会议⼗分重要，谁也不得⽆故缺席。

10.在她的记忆中，母亲既严厉⼜慈爱。

参考答案1.Changes in the political situation brought the two small parties into alliance.2.His failure was due to his disposition rather than his ability.3.I have something important to discuss with you. Could you spare half an hour?4.Many people prefer to chat online as this can spare them any awkwardness thatmay occur when talking face to face.5.No longer are the rivers clean and clear, and the water quality has reduced toworse than Level V, unfit even for agricultural irrigation.6.Short as it is, the article is very rich in symbolic implications which deserve athrough analysis.7.The snow mountain reached into the sky, its beauty beyond all comparison.8.He left home as a child and has seen little of his father since then. So he neverfeels at home in his father’s presence.9.As this meeting is very important, nobody should be absent without cause.10.In her memory, her mother was at once severe and kind.。

英语课后翻译答案

英语课后翻译答案第一篇：英语课后翻译答案UNIT1 政府采取的一系列措施不但没有化解矛盾，反倒激起更多的暴力冲突。

反对党联合工会发动了一次大罢工，最终导致政府的垮台。

(give rise to;form an alliance with;launch;bring about)Instead of resolving contradictions, the series of measures taken by the government gave rise to more violent clashes.The Opposition formed an alliance with the trade unions and launched a general strike, which ultimately brought about the downfall of the government.2 如今，大学与现实世界的距离越来越小，学生也变得越来越实际。

从前，大学是一个象牙塔，学者追求的是学问本身而不是把学问作为达到目的的手段，但这样的时代已经一去不复返了。

(shrink;gone are the days;a means to an end)Nowadays, the gap between the university and the real world is shrinking and students are becoming more and more practical.Gone are the days when the university was an ivory tower in which scholars pursued knowledge as an end rather than a means to an end.3 我从未指望靠上课来学好这门课。

但我确实去听课，因为在课上我能了解这门课的重点，学会如何组织材料、如何推理。

高级英语第一册课后答案-（最新版-已修订）

Lesson 1The Middle Eastern BazaarI． 1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries．Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan，the Arabian Peninsula，Cyprus，Asiatic Turkey and Egypt． 2)The bazaar includes many markets：cloth—market，copper— smiths’market．carpet—market，food—market，dye—market，pottery—market，carpenters’market，etc．They represent the backward feudal economy．　3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing．Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar． 4)Because the earthen floor，beaten hard by countless feet，deadens the sound of footsteps，and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit.　5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgetable scene.II . 1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another 2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market. 3)they drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price. 4)He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount. 5)As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.Ⅲ. See the translation of text.IV. 1)n. +n..seaside, doorway, graveyard, warlord 2)n. +v..daybreak, moonrise, bullfight 3)v. +n..cutback, cutthroat, rollway 4)adj. +n..shortterm, softcoal, softliner, hardware 5)adv. +v. .output , upgrade, downpour 6)v. +adv..pullover, buildupV. 1)thread (n.) she failed to put the thread through the eye of the needle.(v.) He threaded through the throng.　2)round (v.) On the 1st of September the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope. (adv.) He wheeled round and faced me angrily. 3)narrow(v.) In the discussions we did not narrow the gap any further. (adj．)He failed by a very narrow margin． 4)price(n．) The defence secretary said the U．S．was not looking for an agreement at any price．(v．)At the present consumption rates(of oil)the world may well be pricing itself out of its future． 5) (v．)live About 40％of the population lives on the land and tries to live off it．(adj．)The nation heard the inaugural speech in a live broadcast． 6)tower (n．)The tower was built in the 1 4th century．(v．)The general towered over his contemporaries． 7)dwarf (v．)A third of the nation's capital goods are shipped from this area，which dwarfs West Germany's mighty Ruhr Valley in industrial output．(n．)Have you ever read the story of Snow White and the Dwarfs?Ⅵ． 1)light and heat：glare，dark，shadowy，dancing flashes．the red of the live coals，glowing bright，dimming，etc． 2)sound and movement：enter，pass，thread their way．penetrate，selecting，pricing，doinga little preliminary bargaining，din，tinkling，banging，clashing，creak，squeaking，rumbling，etc． 3)smell and colour：profusion of rich colours，pungent and exotic smells，etc．Ⅶ． 1)glare指刺眼的光；brightness指光源发出的强烈稳定的光，强调光的强度。

高级英语(第三版)第一册第十一课 The Way to Rainy Mountain

• I like to think of her as a child. His grandmother was born (around 1880) at a time when the Kiowa were still living in their golden time or to be more exact, the last moment of their golden time. Starting from Paragraph 3, the author links his grandmother with the history of the Kiowa.
Structure of the Text
Part I: Paras 1-3: introduction to the whole text
Part II: Paras 4-10: the author explores the three stages of the Kiowa culture emergence, evolution and decline.
• Loneliness is an aspect of the land
Loneliness is a major quality of this landscape. The author emphasizes loneliness, perhaps because this quality enables one to concentrate one’s mind on the earth.
• One hill or one tree or one man:
The use of “one” instead of an indefinite article “a” emphasizes the fact that there is only one hill, only one tree or only one man.

张汉熙《高级英语（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】（Lesson

张汉熙《高级英语（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】（LessonLesson 11 The Way to Rainy Mountain一、词汇短语1. blizzard n. a severe snowstorm characterized by coldtemperatures and heavy drifting of snow大风雪2. anvil n. an iron block on which a blacksmith puts hot pieces ofmetal before shaping them with a hammer铁砧，[解]砧骨3. brittle adj. hard but easily broken易碎的，脆弱的4. hickory n. the hard wood of the N American hickory tree 山核桃属植物5. pecan n. the nut of the American pecan tree with a smoothpinkish-brown shell美洲山核桃树6. witch hazel n. any of several shrubs or trees of thegenus Hamamelis; bark yields an astringent lotion金缕梅7. foliage n. the leaves of a tree or plant; leaves and branches together树叶，植物8. writhe v. to twist or move your body without stopping, often becauseyou are in great pain翻腾9. grasshopper n.an insect with long back legs, that can jump very high and that makesa sound with its legs蚱蜢，蝗虫10. preeminently adv. to a very great degree; especially卓越地；杰出地11. disposition n. the natural qualities of a person’s character性情，性格12. grim adj. looking or sounding very serious, unpleasant and depressing严酷的，冷酷的13. unrelenting adj. 1) not stopping or becoming lesssevere; 2) if a person is unrelenting, they continue with somethingwithout considering the feelings of other people不宽恕的，不屈不挠的；无情的，冷酷的14. canyon n. a long, narrow valley between high cliffs, often with astream flowing through it (美)峡谷，溪谷15. pillage n. the act of stealing things from a place or region,especially in a war, using violence掠夺16. corral n. an closure for holding or capturing horses, cattle or other animals畜栏17. affliction n. pain and suffering or something that causes it 痛苦，苦恼18. brooding adj. sad and mysterious or threatening沉思的，徘徊不去的19. divinity n. the quality of being a god or like God神，神学，神性，上帝20. cleavage n. a division or split between people or groups 劈开，分裂21. elk n. a large deer that lives in the north of Europe, Asia and NorthAmerica. In North America it is called a moose.美洲赤鹿22. badger n. an animal with grey fur and wide black and white lineson its head. Badgers are nocturnal (= active mostly at night) and live inholes in the ground.獾23. flax n. a plant with blue flowers, grown for its stem that is used tomake thread and its seeds that are used to make linseed oil 亚麻24. buckwheat n. small darkseed that is grown as food for animals and for making flour 荞麦25. stonecrop n. (植物)景天26. larkspur n. a tall garden plant with blue, pink or whiteflowers growing up its stem翠雀属植物27. billow v. 1) to fill with air and swell out; 2) to fill with air and swell out翻腾28. sweet clover n. 草木樨植物29. lee n. a sheltered place, especially one on that side of anything awayfrom the wind背风处，庇护所30. profusion n. a very large quantity of something丰富，充沛，慷慨31. deity n. the state of being a god; divine nature; a god orgoddess神，神性32. solstice n. either of the two times of the year at which the sunreaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at midday, marked by thelongest and shortest days至日；冬至或夏至33.caldron n. a large kettle or boiler大锅(炉)，大汽锅34.wean v. to cause (oneself or someone else) to give up aformer habit;to withdraw (a person) by degrees (from a habit, object of affection, etc.) asby substituting some other interest使断奶，使放弃，使断念35. ridge n. a narrow area of high land along the top of a line of hills; ahigh pointed area near the top of a mountain山脊，屋脊36. upthrust n. the force with which a liquid or gas pushes upagainst an object that is floating in it向上推，浮力；(地质) 地壳隆起37. engender v. to make a feeling or situation exist造成38. score v. to make cuts or lines in or on something把……记下；划线，刻划；获得；评价39. kinsmen v. a male relative男性亲属40. tenuous adj. 1) so weak or uncertain that it hardly exists;2)extremely thin and easily broken纤细的，脆弱的；稀薄的；贫乏的41. reverence n. a feeling of great respect or admiration forsomebody/something尊敬，敬畏42. consummate adj. extremely skilled; perfect完美的，圆满的43. impale v. to pierce through or fix with a sharp object刺穿，(作为刑罚) 把……钉在尖桩上；使绝望44. barter n. the system of exchanging goods, property, services, etc.for other goods, etc. without using money物品交换，实物交易45. deicide n. the killing of a god杀神，杀神者，害死耶稣的人46. skillet n. a small frying pan煮锅，长柄浅锅47. rambling adj. spreading in various directions with noparticular pattern漫步的，散漫的，流浪性的48. shawl n. a large piece of cloth worn by a woman around the shouldersor head, or wrapped around a baby披肩，围巾49. sentinel n. a soldier whose job is to guard something哨兵50. opaque adj. not able to be seen through; not transparent ortranslucent不透明的，不传热的，迟钝的51. abide v. to dislike somebody/something so much that you hatehaving to be with or deal with them忍受，容忍；持续，遵守52. ample adj. large, often in an attractive way充足的，丰富的，宽敞的53. council n. a group of people who are elected to govern anarea such as a city or county政务会，理事会，委员会54. servitude n. the condition of being a slave or beingforced to obey another person劳役，奴役；奴隶状态；地役权55. fright n. a feeling of fear惊骇，惊吓，害怕56. nocturnal adj. of the night夜的，夜曲的，夜间发生的57. wake n. a watch or vigil held over the body of a dead person duringthe night before burial (葬礼前)守夜，看护58. perch v. to alight or rest on栖息，位于，使坐落于59. handrail n. a long, narrow bar that you can hold onto forsupport, for example when you are going up or down stairs 栏杆，扶手60. purl v. to flow with a gentle movement and amurmuring sound潺潺流水61. scissortail n. (美洲)叉尾霸鹟62. hie v. to go quickly催促，赶快二、课文精解1.The Way to Rainy Mountain：《雨山之路》（1969年）是由普利策奖获得者斯科特写的一篇散文。

高级英语(第三版)第一册练习答案 Lesson 11 Key

《高级英语》（第三版）重排版（第一册）Lesson 11 The Way to Rainy MountainKey to ExercisesIII. Paraphrase1. The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of the whole universe was begun right here.2. The Kiowa often fought just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra lands or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving. And they could not understand why the U.S. Cavalry never gave up pushing forward even when they had won a battle.3. Luckily, my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding animals, for she was born eight or ten years after the event.4. They moved toward the east, where the sun rises, and also toward the beginning ofa new culture, which led to the greatest moment of their history.5. Now they got horses. Riding on horseback, instead of walking on foot, gave them this new freedom of movement, thus completely liberating their ancient nomadic spirit.6. The earth unfolds and the limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees and animals eating grass. This landscape makes it possible to see far into the distance and in all directions.7. I was not sure that I had any right to overhear her praying, which did not follow any customary way of praying, and which I guess she did not want anyone else to hear.8. In this way she was completely moved to another state in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, and she seemed to be timeless (what she represented would last for ever).9. On these special occasions, women might make loud and elaborate jokes and talk among themselves. Their gossip revealed their position as servants of men and was also a reward for their servitude.IV. Practice with Words and ExpressionsA.1. knoll: a hillock2. anvil: an iron or steel block on which metal objects are hammered into shape3. writhe: to twist and turn the body as in agony4. infirm: weak or ill especially because one is old5. headwaters: the beginning of a large stream or river6. fork: the point where a river is divided into two or more branches, or where branches join to form a river7. pilgrimage: a journey made by a pilgrim, especially to a shrine or holy place; any long journey to a place of historical interest8. engender: to bring into being, bring about, produce9. consummate: to make complete, perfect10. beadwork: decorative work in beads11. warlord: a military leader, especially an unofficial one fighting against a government or king12. hie: to hurry or hastenB.In language, alliteration refers to repetition of a particular sound in the first syllables of a series of words and/or phrases. Alliteration has historically developed largely through poetry and is still used often in poetry. In the essay “The Way to Rainy Mountain,” the author uses alliteration a lot. Here are some examples from the essay: brittle and brown (Para. 1), willow and witch hazel (Para. 1), great green-and-yellow grasshoppers (Para. 1), the eagle and the elk (Para. 6), the badger and the bear (Para. 6), bent and blind (Para. 6), sad in the sound (Para. 11), lean and leather (Para. 13), jest and gesture (Para. 13), fright and false alarm (Para. 13). The frequent use of alliteration shows the author’s special interest in the sound of language, the rhythm of language, and how words sound to him and the reader. Alliteration helps to achieve a poetic effect of description.C.1. The weather here is extremely harsh.2. In summer the prairie is very hot.3. They were no longer dominated by the simple necessity of survival; they werea proud and dangerous group of fighters and thieves, hunters and pious believers in the sun as their god.4. In a sense, their migration confirmed the ancient myth that they entered the world from a hollow log, for they did emerge from the sunless mountain forests.5. Although my grandmother never left Rainy Mountain in her long life, the immense landscape of the Great Plains existed clearly in her memory as if she had lived there herself.6. As hunters, it was very important for the Kiowa to be able to see a long way. So if a Kiowa could see very far, he would be respected by his fellow Kiowa.7. They would not yet change the direction southward to the land lying below which was like a large kettle. First, they must give their bodies some time to get used to the plains. Second, they didn’t want to lose sight of the mountains so soon.V. TranslationA.1. Changes in the political situation brought the two small parties into alliance.2. His failure was due to his disposition rather than his ability.3. I have something important to discuss with you. Could you spare half an hour?4. Many people prefer to chat online as this can spare them any awkwardness that may occur when talking face to face.5. No longer are the rivers clean and clear, and the water quality has reduced to worse than Level V, unfit even for agricultural irrigation.6. Short as it is, the article is very rich in symbolic implications which deserve a thorough analysis.7. The snow mountain reached into the sky, its beauty beyond all comparison.8. He left home as a child and has seen little of his father since then. So he never feels at home in his father’s presence.9. As this meeting is very important, nobody should be absent without cause.10. In her memory, her mother was at once severe and kind.B.1. 虽然那里很美丽，但人们可能有受束缚、被禁锢的感觉。

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