雅思写作知识点系列之社会问题类

备考雅思写作需要考生投入一定的时间与精力，对于每个知识点都要牢记。今天，前程百利小编为大家带来的是雅思写作知识点系列之社会问题类，希望对考生有所帮助。

今天学习社会问题类写作。分析“是否该禁烟”，练习"罪犯是否该被关进监狱“等题目。例题3是一道支持反对类题目，通过这道例题，我们将学会使用最简单的“举例法”为写作开头。

一、例题精讲

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.

Write about the following topic:

Although it is a freedom to use tobacco, some people still argue it should be made illegal in the same way as drugs. To what extent do you agree or disagree? What’s your opinion?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

题干：虽然现在人们可以使用烟草，但还有一些人认为烟草应该和毒品一样被禁止。你在什么程度上支持或反对这种观点?你的观点是什么?

1. 审题

从话題上来看，这是一道社会问题。当今社会存在各种各样的社会问题，很多是各国共有的，也有一些仅出现在少数国家中。雅思考试为了公平性的原因，会更加注重世界范围内比较普遍的社会问题，如犯罪问题、交通问题、住房问题、人口老龄化等。应对这类问题，要求考生平时要通当关注社会新闻积累观点，以防考试遇到后措手不及。本题提到的“烟草”的问题是一个非常普遍的问题，考生应该会接触过社会对于烟草行业、吸烟问题的各种观点，所以应该不难应对。

从提问方式上来看，这是一道支持反对类題目，本题就是要求考生对“烟草合法性”(更准确地说，是“烟草非法化”〉这一观点表明态度。

2. 论点与论据

*支持烟草非法化的论点与论据

1)香烟危害吸烟者健康已是公认的事实。吸烟可导致癌症以及心腕血管、呼吸道、

消化道等疾病。

2)二手烟造成的伤害更甚，据国际性的抽样调查证实，吸烟致癌患者中的50%是被动吸烟者。大量流行病学调查表明，丈夫吸烟的妻子的肺癌患病率为丈夫不吸烟的1.6〜3.4倍。

3)吸烟可以直接引起一些事故，如火灾、加油站爆炸等。

★反对烟草非法化的论点与论据

1)吸烟与否是个人的习惯。我国烟民约为3亿人，强行改变这么多人的习惯无疑是对个人权利的侵犯。

2.)烟草公司可以产生大的税收和就业，我国烟草行业税收仍是政府财政收入的重要来源(占财政总收入的比重为10%左右，仅次于海关税收。我田烟草加工业为8000万农民提供就业，烟草商业为1000万人提供就业.

3. 话题相关语言储备

alimentary organ 消化器官

big tobaccos 大型烟草公司

cancer 癌症

cause harm/damage to造成危害

cigarette 香烟

customs海关

epidemiology流行病学

financial revenue财政收入

general tax产生税收

heart attack心脏病发作

impinge upon 使犯

lung cancer肺癌

passive smoking被动吸烟

personal choice个人选择

personal habit个人习惯

provide working opportunities提供就业机会

respiratory organ 呼吸器官

sampling抽样调查

second hand smoking 二手烟

second only to 仅次于

smoker 吸烟者

smoking吸烟

tobacco industry烟草行业

tobacco processing烟草加工

undisputable fact无可争议的事实

violate违反

4. 开头与结尾

在这篇文章中，我们可以尝试使用观点法。观点法即在简要介绍话题的基础上，直接提出两种常见观点，并表明自己的观点。

★观点法是最简单的开头方法

观点法开头一般包括A观点，B观点，考生观点和理由三个部分，每部分用一句话完成，如“一些人认为A，另一些人认为B，我认为……，因为……”本思路也可以扩展为“一些人认为A，另一些人认为B，我支持A/B,因为……"在具体写作中，由于考生的观点常常是观点A、所以也可以在说充A方观点之后，直接说明自己的观点。如“一些人认为A,我则认为B是对的，因为……”需要注意的是，理由部分，不可以写得太具体，要有概括性，比如本例题的开头，就可以写作：

(是否应当吸烟是很多人都关注的问題。)一些人认为应该禁烟，而另一些人则坚决反对。我支持禁烟，因为吸烟带来了很多问题。

结尾我们依旧采用总结(+建议)的格式。

5. 高分范文

Few topics are as controversial as tobacco industry. Some people argue that tobacco must be banned all together while others insist smoking is a matter of personal choice and should be protected from government intervention. I support the former view since smoking does bring varieties of damages to the world.

The first thing underpinning my opinion is the fact that tobacco damages smokers’health. Not many people today dare to challenge the hot, but it seems that many refuse to take it seriously. Every year we read numerous reports on newspapers about how a champion runner ended up unable to catch his breath after climbing 4 floors, about how a teenager had to give up smoking because his doctor warned he might not make it until next spring should he keep on smoking, not to mention those about fathers that died of lung cancer when they are supposed to pay their family's bills. Tobacco lurks behind all these tragedies, and the only way to stop them from recurring is to ban it.

Some tobacco users argue they have the right to smoke since it is a matter of personal choice, in other words, if they choose to smoke, they also choose to accept the damage caused by smoking. While this argument sounds strong, it downplays the truth that it is not only the tobacco users who suffer. Statistics show that almost 50% of the smoking-caused cancer patients are not smokers themselves, but families, co-workers and friends whose only reason for having cancer is to stay in the same room with smokers. As long as tobacco is legal and smoking allowed, there is no way to protect non-smokers, in this case, innocent people, from becoming the victims of something they have not done.

After understanding the reasons above, it is quite safe now to say that tobacco must be forbidden as same as drugs. I strongly suggest the authorities take immediate actions so that tragedies like those mentioned would not happen again.

深入点评

我们以这篇文章为例来学习举例法，在写作中，如果进行一味的逻辑论述，则很容易把文章写得抽象乏味，读者不但没有兴趣，还容易跟不上作者的思路。举例法则可以把抽象的论述用事例解释淸楚，让观点更具体生动。举例法的基本套路是：观点+原因+例子(细节〉+结论。

其中，观点与原因与因果法类似，不再赘述。在因果法推论的地方，也是进行逻辑说理的地方。举例法转而使用范例，其中必须包括范例的对象与细节。结论与因果法相同，可以指向本段观点，也可以指向全文观点。