英语大小写标点用法

英语大小写&标点用法
大小写:
1．句子或直接引语中第一个单词的首字母
2．人名、地名、国家名、某国人、组织名、书名、电影、剧本名等各单词的首字母（介词、连词等短小的词除外）。

Romeo and Juliet, one of Shakespare’s famous plays will be put on the stage during the next week.
3．和人名、地名、国家名相关的形容词
an American author
the Californian earthquake
his favorite Shakespare sonnet
in Victorian Times
4．星期、月份、节日
5．产品名称
6．姓名前的头衔The tower was built by King Henry II in the 12th Century.
7．人称代词I 在任何时候必须大写
标点:
句号 Period [.]
用以表示一个句子的结束Hockey is a popular sport in Canada.
The federal government is based in Ottawa.
用在缩写中B.C. is the province located on the West Coast.
Dr. Bethune was a Canadian who worked in China.
The company is located at 888 Bay St. in Toronto.
It is 4:00 p.m. in Halifax right now.
问号 Question Mark [?]
在句子的结尾使用问号表示是直接疑问句：How many provinces are there in Canada?
注意：在间接疑问句结尾不要加问号：The teacher asked the class a question.
Do not ask me why.
叹号 Exclamation Mark [!]
在句子的结尾使用叹号表示惊讶、兴奋等情绪：We won the Stanley Cup!
The forest is on fire!
逗号 Comma [,]
句子中的停顿Therefore, we should write a letter to the prime minister.在疑问句中引出
说话人："I can come today," she said, "but not tomorrow."
排列三个或以上的名词：Ontario, Quebec, and B.C. are the three biggest provinces.
引出定语从句Emily Carr, who was born in 1871, was a great painter.
1
单引号 Apostrophe [']
表示所有This is David's computer.
These are the player's things. (things that belong to the player)
Note: 对于复数形式的名词，只加'
These are the players' things. (things that belong to the players)
缩写I don't know how to fix it.
引号Quotation Marks ["]
直接引出某人说的话：The prime minister said, "We will win the election."
"I can come today," she said, "but not tomorrow."
冒号Colon [:]引出一系列名词
There are three positions in hockey: goalie, defence, and forward.
引出一个较长的引语
The prime minister said: "We will fight. We will not give up. We will win the next elec tion."分号Semicolon [;]将两个相关的句子连接起来
The festival is very popular; people from all over the world visit each year.
和逗号一同使用引出一系列名词
The three biggest cities in Canada are Toronto, Ontario; Montreal, Quebec; and Vanco uver, B.C.破折号Dash [-]在一个句子前作总结
Mild, wet, and cloudy - these are the characteristics of weather in Vancouver.
在一个句子的前面或后面加入额外的注释
The children - Pierre, Laura, and Ashley - went to the store. Most Canadians - but not a ll - voted in the last election.
表示某人在说话过程中被打断
The woman said, "I want to ask - " when the earthquake began to shake the room.连字符Hyphen [-]连接两个单词sweet-smelling
fire-resistant
将前缀anti-Canadian
non-contact
在数字中使用one-quarter
twenty-three
下述情况必须大写：
1．句子或直接引语中第一个单词的首字母
2．人名、地名、国家名、某国人、组织名、书名、电影、剧本名等各单词的首字母（介词、连词等短小的词除外）。

Romeo and Juliet, one of Shakesp are’s famous plays will be put on the stage during the next week.
3．和人名、地名、国家名相关的形容词
an American author
the Californian earthquake
his favorite Shakespare sonnet
in Victorian Times
4．星期、月份、节日
5．产品名称
6．姓名前的头衔
The tower was built by King Henry II in the 12th Century.
7．人称代词I 在任何时候必须大写
下述情况大小写均可：
1．表示方向的单词首字母north/North
2．表示年代The movement of learning Lei Feng started in the sixties.
3．季节名称
4．用以指某一类人的头衔
the greatest prime ministers of the past
He was one of the greatest Prime Ministers who ever hold office.
5．代词he, him, his 指上帝或者基督时
Some said they saw the son of God; others did not see Him.
汉语拼音作为名字在英文中的拼写规则是什么?(from Chinadaily)
一、汉语人名的音译，按照国务院(1978-09-26) 的规定，应直接采用汉语拼音方案书写的形式。

二、汉语人名的写法是：姓和名分开。

姓在前，名在后。

名字有两个字的，连写不加短划。

姓和名的第一个字母要大写。

复姓也连写不加短划，后一个字也不大写。

如:
邓小平Deng Xiaoping
司马相如Sima Xiangru
注意不可把复姓单名误为单姓双名。

如：
左邱明应为Zuoqiu Ming而不是Zuo Qiuming
当然了,有的人把姓放在名后面, 觉得那是随外国人的习惯, 比如中国女排的队员队服上的名字就是如此. 但是按照国家规定,那是不规范的. 因为当别人阅读时是按从做到右的顺序念, 不符合中国人对名字的称谓.
比如说一听有人喊张晓明就知道是谁,但是喊晓明张就觉得别扭
大小确实有时很难把握，即便在CNN网站不同的文章中，也出现同一词组有的用大小，有的有小写。

个人觉得，在书写，尽量按美式习惯，拿不定时，用GOOGLE查一下。

方法是，输入要查的词加“”后，再加CNN或VOANEWS等美国较大网站的简称。

如在GOOGLE输入框中输入“North Korean news agency”,CNN，就可检验news agency是否需要大写了。

其实在写技术性的文章或是很多没把握的词时，Google是个很好工具，只要把自己认为是生造的词放在google上一搜，如果连Goole都没有，那这个词绝对是很有问题了，哈哈！在翻译专业英语和写托福作文是，我就经常这么做，哈哈。

共同学习学习。

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