临床常用医学英语词汇

临床常用医学英语词汇
一、内科常用字汇
心血管系统 The Cardiovascular System
Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图
Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病
Hemangioma 血管瘤
Vasodilatation 血管扩张
Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化
Adenitis
Anemia
Aseptic
呼吸系统
Mucosa
Exhale
Apnea
Tachypnea
Pneumonia
消化系统 The Digestive System
Short of breath 呼吸短促
Dysphasia说话困难
Aphasia 失语症
Aphonia失声
Dysphagia 吞咽困难
Gingivitis 齿龈炎
Pharyngitis 咽炎
Laryngitis 喉炎
Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查
Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌
Gastritis 胃炎
Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血
Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎
Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂
Hepatitis
Ascites
Glycemia
Goiter
神经系统
Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹
Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎Electromyography 肌电图
Neuritis神经炎
Epilepsy 癜痫
Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis ?偻症
Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯
Spondylitis 脊椎炎
Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹
Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪
Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识
Eye opening睁眼反应
Verbal response 语言反应
Motor response 运动反应
Corneal reflex 角膜反射
Plantar reflex 膝反射
Sciatica坐骨神经痛
Chorea
Migraine
Varus
泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive System Cystitis 膀胱炎
Circumcision包皮环割术
Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查
Hydronephrosis肾水肿
Renal Stone 肾结石
Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭
Cryptorchidism 隐睾症
Spermatogenesis精子生成
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大
Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄
Dysuria 排尿困难
Hematuria血尿
Uremia尿毒症
Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎
Impotence 阳萎
特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special Senses Audiometer 听力计
Otitis耳炎
Otorrhea耳漏
Nasitis
Diplopia
Myopia
Cataract
Glaucoma
综合性字汇
Contraceptive避孕的
Contraindication 禁忌症
Biology 生物学
Hyperemesis 剧吐
Polydipsia剧渴
Homosexual 同性的
Heterosexual 异性的
Inject 注射
Lipoma 脂肪瘤
Lipoid 脂肪样的
Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形
Malaise 不适
Necrosis坏死
Nocturia 夜尿症
Ployuria 多尿
Narcotics 麻醉药
Hyperplasia 增殖
Dysplasia 发育不良
Dyspepsia 消化不良
Syndrome
Genital
Menarche
Perineum
Ovary
Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation排卵
Vaginitis阴道炎
Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房X光摄影术Infertility 不孕症
InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊膜
Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术
Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多
Anterpartal 产前的
Antepartum 分娩前
Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement 进入产位
Estrogen动情基素
Colostrum 初乳
Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕
Embryo
Parity
Forceps
Molding胎头变形
Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone黄体素
Stillbrith死产
Suture 缝合
Stump残物
Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血
三、小儿科常用字汇
Apnea呼吸暂停
Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血
Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎
Cephalopematoma头血肿
Erythema红斑
Hypospadia尿道下裂
Dehydration 脱水
Hydrocephalus水脑
Hydrocele 阴囊积水
Pyoderma
Sepsis
Malignant
Diarrhea
Vaccine
Eczema
German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹
Giant baby巨婴
Gonorrhea 淋病
Hepatitis B B型肝炎
Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸
Mongolian spots 蒙古斑
Mumps 腮腺炎
Respiratory arrest呼吸停止
Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹
Vomiting呕吐
四、精神科常用字汇
Mental retardation 智能不足
autism自闭症
dement 痴呆症
alzheimer's dementia阿尔?海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾
substances Intoxication 物质中毒
alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia精神分裂病
phobia
临床症状
apathy
euphoria
mutistic
hyperactivity 活动过多
hypoactivity 活动过少
compulsive behavior 强迫行为verbigeration 重复语言
catelepsy 僵直
negativism阻抗行动
Mannerism作态行为
destrctive behavior 破坏行为
autistic thinking 自闭性思考
poverty of speech 言语贫乏
flight of ideas 意念飞跃
loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫
thought blocking 思考中断
incoherent 语无伦次
thought Withdrawal 思想退缩
irrelevant 答非所问
delusion 妄想
delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想
Phobia
illusion
amnesia
insight
ego 自我
id 原我
libido
scapegoat 代罪羔羊
internal conflict 内在冲突
conscious 意识
unconscious 潜意识
preconscious前意识
transference 情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实
neurosis神经精神病
Psychosis神经病
Pleasure Principle 享乐原则
Reality Principle 现实原则
Moral Principle 道德原则
Predisposing Factors 潜在因素
Precipitating Factors 诱发因素
Defense Mechanism 防卫机转
compensation 补偿作用
conversion 转化作用
denial 否认作用
displacement 转移作用
dissociation 解离作用
fantasy
undoing
Empathy
listen 倾听
restraint 约束
physical restraint 身体的约束
chemical 药物的约束
五、各科常用缩写
A
AAD against-advice discharge 自动出院
A abdomen 腹部
ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动
A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例
AK above knee 膝上
B.
BE below elbow 肘下
BH body height 身高
b.i.d twice a day 一日两次
Bil bilateral两侧的
BK below knee 膝下
BM bowel movement 肠蠕动
BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率
BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染
C.
D.
E.
ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉
F.
FH family history 家族史
FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音
FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧
Fr fracture 骨折
G.
GB gall bladder 胆囊
GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道
GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规
gtt. Drops 滴
GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的
GYN gynecology 妇科学
H
Hb hemoglobin 血色素
HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血h.s. at bedtime 睡前
HT Hypertension 高血压
Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积
Hx History 病例
I
J
K
Kn. Knee
L.
M
N
NP nothing particular 并无特别的
NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌
NPO nothing by mouth 禁食
O.
OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎
OB occult blood 潜血
OBS obstetrics 产科
OP operation 手术
OPD outpatient department 门诊
Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的
OS ocular sinistro 左眼
OT occupational therapy 职能治疗
OU Both eyes 双眼
P
p.c. after meals 饭後
PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验
PE Physical examination 身体检查
PI Present illness 目前病况
p.o. by mouth 由口
PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡
PT Physical therapy 物理治疗
Q
Q every
R
Rx take
S
s-s half
Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌
T
TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺U
URI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染
W
WBC White blood cell 白血球
White blood count 白血球计数
Y
Y/O year old 年龄
Z zero 零
六、解剖式内外科常用字汇
The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏
venis
vessels血管
capillaries微血管
cardi 心脏
arteries
blood clot凝血
Blood
Platelet
Alveoii
Pharynx
Larynx喉
Trachea
Lung肺
Pleura
Chest 胸
Air 气
Lips唇
teeth
tongue舌
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
appendix 阑尾
small intestine小肠
large intestine大肠
rectum 直肠
anus 肛门
pancreas胰
stomach 胃
esophagus食道
pharynx咽
The Endocrine System
Glands 腺体
Adrenals肾上腺
Pancreas胰
Pituitary 脑下腺
Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房
Ovaries 卵巢
Testes睾丸
The Nervous System
Brain 脑
Spinal cord 脊髓
Vertebra
Cranium
Meninges
Nerves
Skull
Clavicle
Sternum
Ribs 助骨
Joints
Tendons
Cortex
Urinary
Urethra
Ureters
Kidney
scrotum
testis
penis阴茎
urethra尿道
The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve听神经
Ear 耳朵
Hearing 听觉的
tube 耳咽管
Eardrum 耳骨膜
Eustachian 欧式管
Nasal cavities鼻腔
Eyelid眼睑
Lens晶球体
Carnea角膜
Tear duct泪管
Conjunctiva结膜
Choroid layer 脉络膜
Retina视网膜
Sclera巩膜
Optic nerve视神经
Obstetrics &Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇
Ovary
Uterus
Vagina
Vulva
脑部系统
cerebrum
thalamus
midbrain
pons 桥脑
medulla
眼球构造
pupil
anterior chamber前眼房
posterior chamber 後眼房
iris虹膜
vitreous body 玻璃状体
internal rectus muscle 内直肌
lacrimal puncta泪孔
lacrimal canaliculi泪小管
lacrimal gland 泪腺
excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow眉毛
cochlea 耳蜗
eustachian tube 耳咽管
helix 耳壳
tympanic membrance 鼓膜
external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals半规管
malleus锤骨
vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经
口腔
gingiva 齿龈
molars
canines
incisors
14. skin cancer皮肤癌
15. breast cancer乳癌
16. leukemia血癌
17. bone cancer骨癌
18. brain tumor脑癌
19. heart disease 心脏病
20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤
八、医院内常见单字
Hospital 医院
Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校
(nursing home) Private convalescence
hospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院
(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方
Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师
Chief of Medicine 内科主任 (Medical man)
Internist = intern = intern 实习生 (Internist = 内科医师) House officer 医院医师的称呼
Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生)
Extern 医院实习生
Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生
Ambulant
Paretic
Ward 病房
station
por
Patient
Narcotic
Nurse
Doctor
Internist
Surgeon
Dentist
Gynecologist 妇科医生
Orthopedist 骨科医生
Oculist 眼科医生
Pediatrician 小儿科医生
Psychiatrist 精神病医生
Intern实习医生
Examination table 诊疗台
Clinical thermometer 体温计
Stethoscope 听诊器
Reflector 反光镜
X-ray checkup X 光检查
X-ray photograph X光像片
Operation 手术
Scalpel 手术刀
Syringe 针筒
Hypodermic needle 注射针
Injection 注射
Ice bag 冰袋
Fixation forceps 固定镊
Medicine, drug药品
Bandage 绷带
Gauze
Mask 口罩
Chart
Pill 药丸
Capsule
Ointment
Sedative
Fracture
Gypsum 石膏
九、病历表内常见单字
Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页,摘要表History sheet 病历表
Physical examination sheet 身体检查表Physician's order sheet 医嘱单
Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录Laboratory reports 检验报告
Radiographic reports X光检查报告
Nursing notes 护理记录
Graphic chart 图式病历
Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要
Operation report 手术报告
Anesthesia record 麻醉记录
Consultation sheet 会诊单
Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录
Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书Emergency room record 急诊室记录
住院病历表
身家调查事项 ( identifying data or biographic data) admission date 住院日期
name
sex
age
address
empolyer
违和感
疲劳感.
fatigue
languor。