完整2019年高考英语考试大纲官方版

合集下载

高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

2019年高考英语考试大纲考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1至附录5)，要求词汇量为3500左右。

二、语言运用1.听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义;(2)获取具体的、事实性信息;(3)对所听内容做出推断;(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2.阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义;(2)理解文中具体信息;(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;(4)做出判断和推理;(5)理解文章的基本结构;(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3.写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思;(2)有效运用所学语言知识。

4.口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能：(1)询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法;(2)做到语音、语调自然;(3)做到语言运用得体;(4)使用有效的交际策略。

高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

2019 年高考英语考试大纲考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题录 1 至附录 5) ，要求词汇量为 3500 左右。

(见附二、语言运用1.听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义 ;(2)获取具体的、事实性信息 ;(3)对所听内容做出推断 ;(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2.阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义 ;(2)理解文中具体信息 ;(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义 ;(4)做出判断和推理 ;(5)理解文章的基本结构 ;(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3.写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思 ;(2)有效运用所学语言知识。

4.口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能：(1)询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法;(2)做到语音、语调自然 ;(3)做到语言运用得体 ;(4)使用有效的交际策略。

英语 2019全国卷高考各科考试大纲

英语考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录 1 至附录 5），要求词汇量为 3500 左右。

二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2．阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3．写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。

4．口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。

1. 基本读音(1) 26 个字母的读音(2) 元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3) 元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4) 元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5) 常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6) 辅音字母组合的读音(7) 辅音连缀的读音(8) 成节音的读音2. 重音(1) 单词重音(2) 句子重音3. 读音的变化(1) 连读(2) 失去爆破(3) 弱读(4) 同化4. 语调与节奏(1) 意群与停顿(2) 语调(3) 节奏5. 语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6. 朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7. 主要英语国家的英语语音差异1. 名词(1) 可数名词及其单复数(2) 不可数名词(3) 专有名词(4) 名词所有格2. 代词(1) 人称代词(2) 物主代词(3) 反身代词(4) 指示代词(5) 不定代词(6) 疑问代词3. 数词(1) 基数词(2) 序数词4. 介词和介词短语5. 连词6. 形容词(比较级和最高级)7. 副词(比较级和最高级)8. 冠词9. 动词(1) 动词的基本形式(2) 系动词(3) 及物动词和不及物动词(4) 助动词(5) 情态动词10. 时态(1) 一般现在时(2) 一般过去时4(3) 一般将来时(4) 现在进行时(5) 过去进行时(6) 过去将来时(7) 将来进行时(8) 现在完成时(9) 过去完成时(10) 现在完成进行时11. 被动语态12. 非谓语动词(1) 动词不定式(2) 动词的-ing 形式(3) 动词的-ed 形式13. 构词法(1) 合成法(2) 派生法(3) 转化法(4) 缩写和简写14. 句子种类(1) 陈述句(2) 疑问句(3) 祈使句(4) 感叹句15. 句子成分(1) 主语(2) 谓语(3) 表语(4) 宾语(5) 定语(6) 状语(7) 补语16. 简单句的基本句型17. 主谓一致18. 并列复合句19. 主从复合句(1) 宾语从句(2) 状语从句(3) 定语从句(4) 主语从句(5) 表语从句20. 间接引语21. 省略22. 倒装23. 强调24. 虚拟语气附录3 功能意念项目表1. 社会交往 (Social Communications)(1) 问候 (Greetings) (2) 介绍(Introduction) (3) 告别 (Farewells ) (4)感谢 (Thanks ) (5) 道歉 (Apologies)(6) 邀请 (Invitation)(7) 请求允许 (Asking for permission)(8) 祝愿和祝贺 (Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9) 提供帮助 (Offering help)(10) 接受和拒绝 (Acceptance and refusal)(11) 约会 (Making appointments)(12) 打电话 (Making telephone calls)(13) 就餐 (Having meals) (14) 就医(Seeing the doctor)(15) 购物 (Shopping)(16) 问路 (Asking the way)(17) 谈论天气 (Talking about weather)(18) 语言交际困难 (Language difficulties in communication)(19) 提醒注意 (Reminding)(20) 警告和禁止 (Warning and prohibition)(21) 劝告 (Advice)(22) 建议 (Suggestions)2. 态度 (Attitudes)(23) 同意和不同意 (Agreement and disagreement)(24) 喜欢和不喜欢 (Likes and dislikes)(25) 肯定和不肯定 (Certainty and uncertainty)(26) 可能和不可能 (Possibility and impossibility)(27) 能够和不能够 (Ability and inability)7(28) 偏爱和优先选择 (Preference)(29) 意愿和打算 (Intentions and plans)(30) 希望和愿望 (Hopes and wishes)(31) 表扬和鼓励 (Praise and encouragement)(32) 责备和抱怨 (Blame and complaint)(33) 冷淡 (Indifference)(34) 判断与评价 (Judgement and evaluation)3. 情感 (Emotions) (35) 高兴 (Happiness) (36) 惊奇 (Surprise) (37) 忧虑 (Worries) (38)安慰 (Reassurance)(39) 满意 (Satisfaction)(40) 遗憾 (Regret) (41) 同情 (Sympathy)(42) 恐惧 (Fear)(43) 愤怒 (Anger)4. 时间 (Time)(44) 时刻 (Point of time)(45) 时段 (Duration) (46)频度 (Frequency) (47)时序 (Sequence)5. 空间 (Space)(48) 位置 (Position)(49) 方向 (Direction)(50) 距离 (Distance)6. 存在 (Existence)(51) 存在与不存在 (Existence and Non-existence) 7. 特征 (Features) (52) 形状 (Shape) (53) 颜色(Colour)8(54) 材料 (Material)(55) 价格 (Price)(56) 规格 (Size)(57) 年龄 (Age)8. 计量 (Measurement)(58) 长度 (Length)(59) 宽度 (Width)(60) 高度 (Height)(61) 数量 (Number)9. 比较 (Comparison)(62) 同级比较 (Equal comparison)(63) 差别比较 (Comparative and superlative)(64) 相似和差别 (Similarity and difference) 10. 逻辑关系 (Logical relations)(65) 原因和结果 (Cause and effect)(66) 目的 (Purpose)11. 职业 (Occupations)(67) 工作 (Jobs)(68) 单位 (Employer)附录4 话题项目表1. 个人情况 (Personal information)2. 家庭、朋友与周围的人 (Family, friends and people around)3. 周围的环境 (Personal environments)4. 日常活动 (Daily routines)5. 学校生活 (School life)6. 兴趣与爱好 (Interests and hobbies)7. 个人感情 (Emotions)8. 人际关系 (Interpersonal relationships)9. 计划与愿望 (Plans and intentions)10. 节假日活动 (Festivals, holidays and celebrations)11. 购物 (Shopping)12. 饮食 (Food and drink)13. 健康 (Health)14. 天气 (Weather)15. 文娱与体育 (Entertainment and sports)16. 旅游和交通 (Travel and transport)17. 语言学习 (Language learning)18. 自然 (Nature)19. 世界与环境 (The world and the environment)20. 科普知识与现代技术 (Popular science and modern technology)21. 热点话题 (Topical issues)22. 历史与地理 (History and geography)23. 社会 (Society)24. 文学与艺术 (Literature and art)附录5 词汇表A accommodation na(an) art accompany vabandon v accomplish vability n account nable a accountant nabnormal a accumulate vaboard prep accuracy nabolish v accurate aabortion n accuse vabout ad & prep accustomed aabove prep,a & ad ache v & nabroad ad achieve vabrupt a achievement nabsence n acid aabsent a acknowledge vabsolute a acquaintance nabsorb v acquire vabstract a & n acquisition nabsurd a acre nabundant a across prepabuse v act n & vacademic a & n academy n accelerate v accent n accept v access n & v accessible a accident n action n active a activity n actor n actress n actual a acute a AD abbrad=advertisement n afford vadapt v afraid a adaptation n Africa nadd v African a & n addicted a after ad,prep & conj addition n afternoon n address n afterward(s) ad adequate a again adadjust v against prep adjustment n age n administration n agency n admirable a agenda nadmire v agent n admission n aggressive aadmit v ago ad adolescence n agree v adolescent a & n agreement nadopt v agricultural a adore v agriculture nadult n ahead ad advance v & n aid n & v advantage n AIDS nadventure n advertise v advertisement n advice n advise v advocate v affair naffect v affection n aim n & v air n aircraft n airline n airmail n airplane n airport n airspace n alarm n & valbum n amazing a alcohol n ambassador n alcoholic a & n ambassadress n algebra n ambiguous a alike ad ambition n alive a ambulance n all ad,a & pron America n allergic a among prep alley n amount n & v allocate v ample aallow v amuse v allowance n amusement n almost ad analyse v alone a analysis n along ad & prep ancestor n alongside ad anchor v & n aloud ad ancient a alphabet n and conj already ad anecdote n also ad anger n alternative a angle n although conj angry aaltitude naltogether ad aluminium(Am aluminum) n always adam v(be)a.m./am,A.M./AM abbr amateur aamaze v animal nankle n anniversary n announce v annoy vannual a another a & pron answer n & v ant nAntarctic a appropriate a antique n approval n anxiety n approve v anxious a approximately ad any pron & a apron nanybody pron arbitrary a anyhow ad arch nanyone pron architect n anything pron architecture n anyway ad Arctic a anywhere ad are v(be)apart ad & a area napartment n argue v apologize v argument n apology n arise(arose,arisen) v apparent a arithmetic n appeal v & n arm n & vappear v armchair n appearance n army nappendix n around ad & prep appetite n arrange v applaud v & n arrangement napple n applicant n application n apply v appoint v appointment n appreciate v appreciation n approach n & v arrest varrival narrive varrow nart narticle n artificial aartist nas ad,conj & prepash n attend vashamed a attention nAsia n attitude nAsian a & n attract vaside ad attraction nask v attractive aasleep a audience naspect n aunt nassess v authentic aassessment n author nassist v authority nassistance n automatic aassistant n autonomous aassociate v autumn nassociation n available aassume v avenue nassumption n average a & nastonish v avoid vastronaut n awake(awoke,awoken) v & a astronomer n award nastronomy n aware aat prep away adathlete n athletic a Atlantic a atmosphere n atom n attach v attack v & n attain v attempt v & n awesome a awful a awkward aBbaby n bachelor n back ad,a & n background nbackward(s) ad basin nbacon n basis nbacterium(pl bacteria) n basket nbad(worse,worst) a basketball n badminton n bat nbag n bath nbaggage n bathe vbakery n bathroom nbalance n bathtub nbalcony n battery nball n battle nballet n bay nballoon n BC abbrbamboo n be(am,is,are,was,ban n & v were,being,been) v banana n beach nband n bean nbandage n bean curd nbank n bear1 nbar n bear2 vbarbecue n beard nbarber n beast nbarbershop n beat(beat,beaten) v & nbare a bargain n & v bark v & n barrier n base n baseball n basement n basic a beautiful abeauty nbecause conjbecome(became,become) v bed nbeddings nbedroom nbee nbeef n bike=bicycle n beer n bill nbefore prep,ad&conj bingo nbeg v biochemistry n begin(began,begun) v biography n behalf n biology n behave v bird n behaviour(Am behavior) n birth nbehind prep & ad birthday n being n birthplace n belief n biscuit n believe v bishop nbell n bit nbelly n bite(bit,bitten) v belong v bitter abelow prep black a & n belt n blackboard n bench n blame n & v bend(bent,bent) v blank n & a beneath prep blanket n beneficial a bleed v benefit n & v bless vbent a & n beside prep besides prep & ad betray v between prep beyond prep bicycle nbid v & nbig a blind ablock n & vblood nblouse nblow(blew,blown) v blue n & aboard n & vboat nbody nboil v brain nbomb n & v brake n & vbond n & v branch nbone n brand nbonus n brave abook n & v bravery nboom n & v bread nboot n break(broke,broken) v & n booth n breakfast nborder n breakthrough nbored a breast nboring a breath nborn a breathe vborrow v breathless aboss n brewery nbotanical a brick nbotany n bride nboth a & pron bridegroom nbother v bridge nbottle n brief abottom n bright abounce v brilliant abound a boundary n bow v & n bowl n bowling n box n boxing n boy n boycott v bring(brought,brought) v broad abroadcast(broadcast, broadcast 或-ed,-ed) v brochure nbroken abroom nbrother nbrown n & abrunch n Cbrush v & n cab nBuddhism n cabbage nbudget n cafe nbuffet n cafeteria nbuild(built,built) v cage nbuilding n cake nbunch n calculate v bungalow n call n & vburden n calm a & v bureaucratic a camel nburglar n camera nburn(burnt,burnt camp n & v或-ed,-ed) v & n campaign nburst v can1(could);bury v can’t=cannot modal v bus n can2 nbush n canal nbusiness n cancel v businessman/woman cancer n(pl businessmen/ women) n candidate nbusy a candle nbut conj & prep candy nbutcher n & vbutter nbutterfly nbutton n & vbuy(bought,bought) v by prepbye int canteen n cap n capital n capsule n captain n caption n car n carbon ncard n ceiling ncare n & v celebrate vcareful a celebration n careless a cell ncarpenter n cent ncarpet n centigrade acarriage n centimetrecarrier n (Am centimeter) n carrot n central acarry v centre(Am center) n cartoon n century ncarve v ceremony ncase n certain acash n & v certificate ncassette n chain ncast(cast,cast) v chair ncastle n chairman/woman casual a (pl chairmen/women) n cat n chalk ncatalogue n challenge n catastrophe n challenging acatch(caught,caught) v champion ncategory ncater vCatholic acattle ncause n & v caution n cautious acave nCD=compact disk n chance nchange n & v changeable a channel nchant v & n chaos nchapter n character n characteristic a & ncharge v & n Christmas n chart n church nchat n & v cigar n cheap a cigarette n cheat n & v cinema n check n & v circle n & v cheek n circuit n cheer n & v circulate v cheerful a circumstance n cheers int circus n cheese n citizen nchef n city n chemical a & n civil a chemist n civilian n chemistry n civilization n cheque(Am check) n clap vchess n clarify v chest n class nchew v classic a chicken n classify v chief a & n classmate n child(pl children) n classroom nchildhood n chocolate nchoice nchoir nchoke n & vchoose(chose,chosen) v chopsticks nchorus nChristian n claw n clay n clean v & a cleaner n clear a clerk n clever a click v climate nclimb v come(came,come) v clinic n comedy nclock n comfort nclone v comfortable a close a & ad command n & v cloth n comment n clothes n commercial a clothing n commit vcloud n commitment n cloudy a committee nclub n common a clumsy a communicate v coach n communication n coal n communism n coast n communist n & a coat n companion n cocoa n company ncoffee n compare vcoin n compass n coincidence n compensate vcoke n compete vcold a & n competence ncollar ncolleague ncollect vcollection ncollege ncollision ncolour(Am color) n & v comb n & v combine v competition n complete a & v complex a & n component n composition n comprehension n compromise v compulsory a computer nconcentrate v constant a concept n constitution n concern v & n construct v concert n construction n conclude v consult v conclusion n consultant n concrete a consume v condemn v contain v condition n container n conduct v contemporary a conductor n content1 n conference n content2 a confident a continent n confidential a continue v confirm v contradict v conflict n contradictory a confuse v contrary n & a congratulate v contribute v congratulation n contribution n connect v control v & n connection n controversial a conscience n convenience n consensus n convenient aconsequence n conservation n conservative a consider v considerate a consideration n consist v consistent a conventional a conversation n convey v convince v cook n & v cooker n cookie ncool acopy n & v creature ncorn n credit ncorner n crew n corporation n crime ncorrect v & a criminal n correction n criterion(pl criteria) n correspond v crop ncorrupt a & v cross n & vcost n & v crossing ncosy(Am cozy) a crossroads n cottage n crowd n & vcotton n & a cruel acough n & v cry n & vcould modal v cube ncount v cubic acounter n cuisine ncountry n culture n countryside n cup ncouple n cupboard n courage n cure n & vcourse n curious acourt n currency ncourtyard n cousin n cover n & v cow n crash v & n crayon n crazy a cream n create v curriculum n curtain n cushion n custom n customer n customs ncut(cut,cut) v & n cycle vcyclist ndeclare vD decline vdad=daddy n decorate vdaily a,ad & n decoration ndam n decrease vdamage n & v deed ndamp a & n deep a & addance n & v deer ndanger n defeat vdangerous a defence(Am defense) n dare v & modal v defend vdark a & n degree ndarkness n delay n & vdash v & n delete v & ndata n deliberately ad database n delicate adate n & v delicious a daughter n delight ndawn n delighted aday n deliver vdead a demand vdeadline n dentist ndeaf adeal ndear a death n debate n & v debt n decade n decide v decision n department(Dept.) n departure n depend vdeposit v & n depth ndescribe v description n desert v & n deserve vdesign v & n dilemma n desire v & n dimension n desk n dinner n desperate a dinosaur n dessert n dioxide n destination n dip vdestroy v diploma n detective n direct a & v determine v direction n develop v director n development n directory n devote v dirty a devotion n disability n diagram n disabled adial v disadvantage n dialogue(Am dialog) n disagree v diamond n disagreement n diary n disappear v dictation n disappoint v dictionary n disappointed a die v disaster ndiet n discount ndiffer v difference n different a difficult a difficulty n dig(dug,dug) v digest v digital a dignity n discourage v discover v discovery n discrimination n discuss v discussion n disease n disgusting a dish ndisk=disc n downstairs ad dislike v downtown ad,n & a dismiss v dozen ndistance n Dr=doctor n distant a draft n & v distinction n drag vdistinguish v draw(drew,drawn) v distribute v drawback ndistrict n drawer ndisturb v dream(dreamt,dreamt disturbing a 或-ed,-ed) n & v dive v dress n & vdiverse a drill n & vdivide v drink(drank,drunk) v division n drive(drove,driven) v divorce v driver ndizzy a drop n & vdo(did,done) v drug ndoctor n drum ndocument n drunk adog n dry v & adoll n duck ndollar ndonate vdoor n dormitory(dorm) n dot ndouble a & n doubt n & v down prep & ad download n & v due adull a dumpling n during prep dusk n dust n dustbin n dusty a duty nDVD=digital versatile disk n elect v dynamic a electric a dynasty n electrical aelectricity nE electronic a each a & pron elegant aeager a elephant n eagle n else adear n e-mail n & v early a & ad embarrass v earn v embassy n earth n emergency n earthquake n emperor neast a,ad & n employ v Easter n empty a eastern a encourage v easy a encouragement n eat(ate,eaten) v end n & v ecology n ending nedge n endless a edition n enemy neditor n energetic aeducate v education n educator neffect neffort negg neggplant n either a,conj & ad elder n energy nengine n engineer nenjoy venjoyable a enlarge venough pron,a & ad enquiry nenter venterprise n everything pron entertainment n everywhere ad enthusiastic a evidence nentire a evident a entrance n evolution nentry n exact aenvelope n exam=examination n environment n examine venvy v & n example nequal a & v excellent a equality n except prepequip v exchange n & v equipment n excite veraser n excuse n & verror n exercise n & v erupt v exhibition n escape n & v exist vespecially ad existence nessay n exit nEurope n expand v European a & n expect vevaluate v expectation neven ad evening n event n eventually ad ever adevery a everybody pron everyday a everyone pron expense n expensive a experience n experiment n expert n explain v explanation n explicit a explode vexplore v fantastic aexport n & v fantasy nexpose v far(farther,farthestexpress v & n 或 further,furthest) a & ad expression n fare nextension n farm nextra a farmer nextraordinary a fast a & adextreme a fasten veye n fat n & aeyesight n father nfault nF favour(Am favor) nface n & v favourite(Am favorite) a & n facial a fax n & vfact n fear nfactory n feast nfade v feather nfail v & n federal afailure n fee nfair1 a feed(fed,fed) vfair2 n feel(felt,felt) vfaith n feeling nfall1(fell,fallen) v fall2(Am)=autumn n false afamiliar afamily nfamous afan nfancy n,v & a fellow n female a & n fence nferry n festival n & a fetch v fever nfew pron & afibre(Am fiber) n flat2 nfiction n flee(fled,fled) v field n flesh nfierce a flexible afight(fought,fought) n & v flight nfigure n & v float vfile n flood n & vfill v floor nfilm n & v flour nfinal a flow vfinance n flower nfind(found,found) v flu nfine1 a fluency nfine2 v fluent afinger n fly1(flew,flown) v fingernail n fly2 nfinish v & n focus v & nfire n & v fog nfireworks n foggy afirm1 n fold vfirm2 a folk n & afish n & v follow v fisherman n fond afist n food nfit a & v fix vflag n flame n flash n flashlight n flat1 a fool n & vfoolish afoot(pl feet) nfootball nfor prep & conjforbid(forbade,forbidden) v force vforecast n & v frequent a forehead n fresh aforeign a friction n foreigner n fridge=refrigerator n foresee(foresaw,foreseen) v friend nforest n friendly aforever ad friendship nforget(forgot,forgot/forgotten) v frighten v forgetful a frog nforgive(forgave,forgiven) v from prepfork n front a & nform n & v frontier nformat n frost nformer a fruit nfortnight n fry vfortunate a fuel nfortune n full aforward ad fun n & afoster v function n & v found v fundamental a fountain n funeral nfox n funny afragile afragrant a framework nfranc nfree afreedom nfreeway nfreeze(froze,frozen) v freezing a fur n furnished a furniture n future nGgain v gallery n gallon ngame n glue ngarage n go(went,gone) v garbage n goal ngarden n goat ngarlic n god ngarment n gold n & agas n golden agate n golf ngather v good(better,best) a gay a goods ngeneral a & n goose(pl geese) n generation n govern v generous a government n gentle a grade n gentleman n gradual a geography n graduate v geometry n graduation n gesture n grain nget(got,got) v gram ngift n grammar ngifted a grand agiraffe n grandchild ngirl ngive(gave,given) v glad aglance vglare vglass nglobe nglory nglove n granddaughter n grandma=grandmother n grandpa=grandfather n grandparents n grandson ngranny ngrape ngraph ngrasp v。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲、考试说明解读：英语

2019年高考考试说明解读：英语2016年10月11日，教育部考试中心主任姜钢在《中国教育报》发表署名文章《探索构建高考评价体系全方位推进高考内容改革》，该文章为今后的高考指明了方向：把立德树人作为教育的根本任务，紧扣全国统一考试大纲，以考查学生综合运用语言的能力为主要目标。

其后的《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》及《2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》都保持了这一根本方向。

而细读《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》，发现其与2017年和2018年的《考试大纲》保持一致，没有明显的变化。

这说明在2019年的高考英语中，试题将继续体现高中英语教育、教学的基本原则，即落实立德树人的根本教学任务，以英语学科核心素养为纲，体现英语学科的基础性、工具性、交际性和思想性等。

重视对学生基础知识的考查，继续深化对英语实际应用能力的考查，相对弱化语法，加强听力、阅读、写作能力，体现交际功能和中国文化元素等。

《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲的说明》的变化集中体现在书面表达的样题改变、评分原则和第二档、第一档的评分依据上。

在2019年的《考试说明》中，书面表达样题特意使用了2018年全国卷III的书面表达——向英国朋友介绍你校学生体育运动情况。

具体如下：假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。

请给他回信，内容包括：1. 学校的体育场馆；2. 主要的运动项目；3. 你喜欢的项目。

注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

在书面表达样题后，“评分原则”前新增一段说明：【说明】书面表达题目旨在考查考生的英语写作能力，评价其能否运用相关常识和语言知识进行有效的文字表达，完成特定的交际任务。

本题要求考生给英国朋友写封回信，答复他所询问的学校学生体育运动情况，引导考生关注体育运动和身心健康，弘扬体育精神。

在“评分原则”中，将2018年及以前的第4点：“内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和……”改为“内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和……”。

2019年高考英语写作考试大纲解读(含答案)

2019年高考英语写作考试大纲解读（含答案）《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》（英语）中有关写作的要求：要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。

【解读】写作是语言运用能力的重要表现形式。

该部分要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。

考生应能：2.使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思任何一篇文章都需要有一个主题，作者应该围绕该主题，使用合适的句型、词组等，清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。

新课标卷主要分两节，第一节为短文改错，第二节书面表达。

常用词语和句子准时on time/punctually餐桌礼仪table manners合适的、恰当的appropriate拜访pay a visit toYou are suppos ed/expected/required to do…It’s a good idea to…It’s appropriate/suitable to do …It’s sensible/reasonable/advisable to do …It’s good manners to do …It’s noteworthy that…I think it would be more helpful if you could do…It would be wise of you to…It’s desirable to do …It’s inappropriate to do …It’s impolite to do…It’s unwise/inadvisable to do …Never （助动词/系动词/情态动词）主语+谓语动词…It’s not suitable for you to do…in such a situation.【备考启示】近年来高考写作的命题常用的思想就是高起点低落点。

高起点题目很高，中国文化，中国故事，中国礼仪等等，但最终都把它们落在应用文的框架里，这就是低落点。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲、考试说明解读：英语

在“评分原则”的第4点中,将原来的“应用词汇和语法结构的数量”改为“应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性”。这表示在书面表达中考生不能只追求词汇和语法结构的数量而应考虑是否采用了丰富多样的表达手法。这对在写作中过分追求较多高级词汇和复杂结构的考生来说是一个警示。词汇的使用在于多样化,如“好”可以使用splendid, excellent,superb ; admirable, super, awesome, fantastic, fancy等来代替good,fine,nice等词;在句式结构上,可以使用分词结构、独立结构等来代替定语从句、状语从句等。
在“评分原则”中,将2018年及以前的第4点:“内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和……”改为“内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和……”。
在“各档次的给分范围和要求”的第二档和第一档中,将原来的“语法结构单调、词汇项目有限”改为“语法结构单调、词汇知识有限”。
以上改动既体现了文中表述的规范性、严谨性,同时对书面表达及其评分标准也提出了不同的要求。
重视对学生基础知识的考查,继续深化对英语实际应用能力的考查,相对弱化语法,加强听力、阅读、写作能力,体现交际功能和中国文化元素等。
考试说明微变化
《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲的说明》的变化集中体现在书面表达的样题改变、评分原则和第二档、第一档的评分依据上。
在2019年的《考试说明》中,书面表达样题特意使用了2018年全国卷III的书面表达——向英国朋友介绍你校学生体育运动情况。具体如下:
各档次的给分范围和要求——0分写的内容
均与所要
求内容无
关……
改成:所写内容均与所要求内容无
关…中国教育报》发表署名文章《探索构建高考评价体系全方位推进高考内容改革》,该文章为今后的高考指明了方向:把立德树人

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语

二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2．阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

3．写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。

4．口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。

附录 1语音项目表1.基本读音(1)26 个字母的读音(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6)辅音字母组合的读音(7)辅音连缀的读音(8)成节音的读音2.重音(1)单词重音(2)句子重音3.读音的变化(1)连读(2)失去爆破(3)弱读(4)同化4.语调与节奏(1)意群与停顿(2)语调(3)节奏5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异附录 2语法项目表1.名词(1)可数名词及其单复数(2)不可数名词(3)专有名词(4)名词所有格2.代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3)反身代词(4)指示代词(5)不定代词(6)疑问代词3.数词(1)基数词(2)序数词4.介词和介词短语5.连词6.形容词(比较级和最高级)7.副词(比较级和最高级)8.冠词9.动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)系动词(3)及物动词和不及物动词(4)助动词(5)情态动词10.时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)过去将来时(7)将来进行时(8)现在完成时(9)过去完成时(10)现在完成进行时11.被动语态12.非谓语动词(1)动词不定式(2)动词的-ing 形式(3)动词的-ed 形式13.构词法(1)合成法(2)派生法(3)转化法(4)缩写和简写14.句子种类(1)陈述句(2)疑问句(3)祈使句(4)感叹句15.句子成分(1)主语(2)谓语(3)表语(4)宾语(5)定语(6)状语(7)补语16.简单句的基本句型17.主谓一致18.并列复合句19.主从复合句(1)宾语从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句(4)主语从句(5)表语从句20.间接引语21.省略22.倒装23.强调24.虚拟语气附录 3功能意念项目表1.社会交往 (Social Communications)(1) 问候 (Greetings)(2) 介绍 (Introduction)(3) 告别 (Farewells )(4) 感谢 (Thanks )(5) 道歉 (Apologies)(6) 邀请 (Invitation)(7) 请求允许 (Asking for permission)(8) 祝愿和祝贺 (Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9) 提供帮助 (Offering help)(10) 接受和拒绝 (Acceptance and refusal)(11) 约会 (Making appointments)(12) 打电话 (Making telephone calls)(13) 就餐 (Having meals)(14) 就医 (Seeing the doctor)(15) 购物 (Shopping)(16) 问路 (Asking the way)(17) 谈论天气 (Talking about weather)(18) 语言交际困难 (Language difficulties in communication)(19) 提醒注意 (Reminding)(20) 警告和禁止 (Warning and prohibition)(21) 劝告 (Advice)(22) 建议 (Suggestions)2.态度 (Attitudes)(23)同意和不同意 (Agreement and disagreement)(24)喜欢和不喜欢 (Likes and dislikes)(25)肯定和不肯定 (Certainty and uncertainty)(26)可能和不可能 (Possibility and impossibility)(27)能够和不能够 (Ability and inability)(28)偏爱和优先选择 (Preference)(29)意愿和打算 (Intentions and plans)(30)希望和愿望 (Hopes and wishes)(31)表扬和鼓励 (Praise and encouragement)(32)责备和抱怨 (Blame and complaint)(33)冷淡 (Indifference)(34)判断与评价 (Judgement and evaluation)3. 情感 (Emotions)(35)高兴 (Happiness)(36)惊奇 (Surprise)(37)忧虑 (Worries)(38)安慰 (Reassurance)(39)满意 (Satisfaction)(40)遗憾 (Regret)(41)同情 (Sympathy)(42)恐惧 (Fear)(43)愤怒 (Anger)4. 时间 (Time)(44)时刻 (Point of time)(45)时段 (Duration)(46)频度 (Frequency)(47)时序 (Sequence)5.空间 (Space) (48)位置 (Position)(49) 方向 (Direction)(50) 距离 (Distance)6.存在 (Existence)(51)存在与不存在 (Existence and Non-existence) 7. 特征 (Features)(52)形状 (Shape)(53)颜色 (Colour)(54)材料 (Material)(55)价格 (Price)(56)规格 (Size)(57)年龄 (Age)8.计量 (Measurement)(58) 长度 (Length)(59) 宽度 (Width)(60) 高度 (Height)(61) 数量 (Number)9.比较 (Comparison)(62)同级比较 (Equal comparison)(63)差别比较 (Comparative and superlative)(64)相似和差别 (Similarity and difference) 10. 逻辑关系 (Logical relations)(65)原因和结果 (Cause and effect)(66)目的 (Purpose)11.职业 (Occupations)(67) 工作 (Jobs)(68) 单位 (Employer)附录 4话题项目表1.个人情况 (Personal information)2.家庭、朋友与周围的人 (Family, friends and people around)3.周围的环境 (Personal environments)4.日常活动 (Daily routines)5.学校生活 (School life)6.兴趣与爱好 (Interests and hobbies)7.个人感情 (Emotions)8.人际关系 (Interpersonal relationships)9.计划与愿望 (Plans and intentions)10.节假日活动 (Festivals, holidays and celebrations)11.购物 (Shopping)12.饮食 (Food and drink)13.健康 (Health)14.天气 (Weather)15.文娱与体育 (Entertainment and sports)16.旅游和交通 (Travel and transport)17.语言学习 (Language learning)18.自然 (Nature)19.世界与环境 (The world and the environment)20.科普知识与现代技术 (Popular science and modern technology)21.热点话题 (Topical issues)22.历史与地理 (History and geography)23.社会 (Society)24.文学与艺术 (Literature and art)附录 5 词汇表A accommodation na(an) art accompany vabandon v accomplish vability n account nable a accountant nabnormal a accumulate vaboard prep accuracy nabolish v accurate aabortion n accuse vabout ad & prep accustomed a above prep,a & ad ache v & nabroad ad achieve vabrupt a achievement n absence n acid aabsent a acknowledge v absolute a acquaintance n absorb v acquire vabstract a & n acquisition nabsurd a acre nabundant a across prepabuse v act n & vacademic a & n action nacademy n active aaccelerate v activity naccent n actor naccept v actress naccess n & v actual aaccessible a acute aaccident n AD abbrad=advertisement n afford vadapt v afraid a adaptation n Africa nadd v African a & n addicted a after ad,prep & conj addition n afternoon n address n afterward(s) ad adequate a again adadjust v against prep adjustment n age n administration n agency n admirable a agenda nadmire v agent n admission n aggressive a admit v ago ad adolescence n agree v adolescent a & n agreement n adopt v agricultural a adore v agriculture nadult n ahead ad advance v & n aid n & v advantage n AIDS n adventure n aim n & v advertise v air n advertisement n aircraft nadvice n airline nadvise v airmail n advocate v airplane naffair n airport naffect v airspace n affection n alarm n & valbum n amazing a alcohol n ambassador n alcoholic a & n ambassadress n algebra n ambiguous a alike ad ambition n alive a ambulance nall ad,a & pron America n allergic a among prep alley n amount n & v allocate v ample aallow v amuse v allowance n amusement n almost ad analyse valone a analysis n along ad & prep ancestor n alongside ad anchor v & n aloud ad ancient a alphabet n and conj already ad anecdote nalso ad anger n alternative a angle n although conj angry a altitude n animal n altogether ad ankle n aluminium anniversary n (Am aluminum) n announce v always ad annoy vam v(be) annual aa.m./am,A.M./AM abbr another a & pron amateur a answer n & v amaze v ant nAntarctic a appropriate a antique n approval n anxiety n approve v anxious a approximately ad any pron & a apron n anybody pron arbitrary a anyhow ad arch nanyone pron architect n anything pron architecture n anyway ad Arctic a anywhere ad are v(be)apart ad & a area n apartment n argue v apologize v argument n apology n arise(arose,arisen) v apparent a arithmetic n appeal v & n arm n & vappear v armchair n appearance n army n appendix n around ad & prep appetite n arrange v applaud v & n arrangement n apple n arrest v applicant n arrival n application n arrive vapply v arrow nappoint v art n appointment n article n appreciate v artificial a appreciation n artist n approach n & v as ad,conj & prepash n attend vashamed a attention nAsia n attitude nAsian a & n attract vaside ad attraction nask v attractive aasleep a audience naspect n aunt nassess v authentic aassessment n author nassist v authority nassistance n automatic aassistant n autonomous aassociate v autumn nassociation n available aassume v avenue nassumption n average a & nastonish v avoid vastronaut n awake(awoke,awoken) v & a astronomer n award nastronomy n aware aat prep away adathlete n awesome aathletic a awful aAtlantic a awkward aatmosphere natom n Battach v baby nattack v & n bachelor nattain v back ad,a & nattempt v & n background nbackward(s) ad basin nbacon n basis nbacterium(pl bacteria) n basket nbad(worse,worst) a basketball nbadminton n bat nbag n bath nbaggage n bathe vbakery n bathroom nbalance n bathtub nbalcony n battery nball n battle nballet n bay nballoon n BC abbrbamboo n be(am,is,are,was,ban n & v were,being,been) v banana n beach nband n bean nbandage n bean curd nbank n bear1 nbar n bear2 vbarbecue n beard nbarber n beast nbarbershop n beat(beat,beaten) v & n bare a beautiful abargain n & v beauty nbark v & n because conjbarrier n become(became,become) v base n bed nbaseball n beddings nbasement n bedroom nbasic a bee nbeef n bike=bicycle n beer n bill nbefore prep,ad&conj bingo nbeg v biochemistry n begin(began,begun) v biography n behalf n biology n behave v bird nbehaviour(Am behavior) n birth nbehind prep & ad birthday nbeing n birthplace nbelief n biscuit nbelieve v bishop nbell n bit nbelly n bite(bit,bitten) v belong v bitter abelow prep black a & nbelt n blackboard n bench n blame n & vbend(bent,bent) v blank n & a beneath prep blanket n beneficial a bleed vbenefit n & v bless vbent a & n blind abeside prep block n & v besides prep & ad blood nbetray v blouse n between prep blow(blew,blown) v beyond prep blue n & a bicycle n board n & vbid v & n boat nbig a body nboil v brain nbomb n & v brake n & vbond n & v branch nbone n brand nbonus n brave abook n & v bravery nboom n & v bread nboot n break(broke,broken) v & n booth n breakfast nborder n breakthrough nbored a breast nboring a breath nborn a breathe vborrow v breathless aboss n brewery nbotanical a brick nbotany n bride nboth a & pron bridegroom nbother v bridge nbottle n brief abottom n bright abounce v brilliant abound a bring(brought,brought) v boundary n broad abow v & n broadcast(broadcast,bowl n broadcast 或-ed,-ed) v bowling n brochure nbox n broken aboxing n broom nboy n brother nboycott v brown n & abrunch n Cbrush v & n cab nBuddhism n cabbage nbudget n cafe nbuffet n cafeteria nbuild(built,built) v cage nbuilding n cake nbunch n calculate v bungalow n call n & vburden n calm a & v bureaucratic a camel nburglar n camera nburn(burnt,burnt camp n & v或-ed,-ed) v & n campaign nburst v can1(could);bury v can’t=cannot modal vbus n can2 nbush n canal nbusiness n cancel vbusinessman/woman cancer n(pl businessmen/ women) n candidate nbusy a candle nbut conj & prep candy nbutcher n & v canteen nbutter n cap nbutterfly n capital nbutton n & v capsule nbuy(bought,bought) v captain nby prep caption nbye int car ncarbon ncard n ceiling ncare n & v celebrate vcareful a celebration n careless a cell ncarpenter n cent ncarpet n centigrade a carriage n centimetrecarrier n (Am centimeter) n carrot n central acarry v centre(Am center) n cartoon n century ncarve v ceremony ncase n certain acash n & v certificate n cassette n chain ncast(cast,cast) v chair ncastle n chairman/woman casual a (pl chairmen/women) n cat n chalk ncatalogue n challenge n catastrophe n challenging acatch(caught,caught) v champion n category n chance ncater v change n & v Catholic a changeable acattle n channel ncause n & v chant v & ncaution n chaos ncautious a chapter ncave n character nCD=compact disk n characteristic a & ncharge v & n Christmas n chart n church nchat n & v cigar ncheap a cigarette n cheat n & v cinema n check n & v circle n & v cheek n circuit n cheer n & v circulate v cheerful a circumstance n cheers int circus n cheese n citizen nchef n city n chemical a & n civil a chemist n civilian n chemistry n civilization n cheque(Am check) n clap vchess n clarify v chest n class nchew v classic a chicken n classify v chief a & n classmate n child(pl children) n classroom n childhood n claw n chocolate n clay n choice n clean v & a choir n cleaner n choke n & v clear a choose(chose,chosen) v clerk n chopsticks n clever a chorus n click v Christian n climate nclimb v come(came,come) v clinic n comedy nclock n comfort nclone v comfortable a close a & ad command n & v cloth n comment n clothes n commercial a clothing n commit vcloud n commitment n cloudy a committee nclub n common a clumsy a communicate v coach n communication n coal n communism n coast n communist n & a coat n companion n cocoa n company ncoffee n compare vcoin n compass n coincidence n compensate v coke n compete vcold a & n competence n collar n competition n colleague n complete a & v collect v complex a & n collection n component n college n composition n collision n comprehension n colour(Am color) n & v compromise v comb n & v compulsory a combine v computer nconcentrate v constant a concept n constitution n concern v & n construct v concert n construction n conclude v consult v conclusion n consultant n concrete a consume v condemn v contain v condition n container n conduct v contemporary a conductor n content1 n conference n content2 a confident a continent n confidential a continue v confirm v contradict v conflict n contradictory a confuse v contrary n & a congratulate v contribute v congratulation n contribution n connect v control v & n connection n controversial a conscience n convenience n consensus n convenient a consequence n conventional a conservation n conversation n conservative a convey v consider v convince v considerate a cook n & v consideration n cooker n consist v cookie n consistent a cool acopy n & v creature ncorn n credit ncorner n crew n corporation n crime ncorrect v & a criminal n correction n criterion(pl criteria) n correspond v crop ncorrupt a & v cross n & vcost n & v crossing ncosy(Am cozy) a crossroads n cottage n crowd n & vcotton n & a cruel acough n & v cry n & vcould modal v cube ncount v cubic acounter n cuisine ncountry n culture n countryside n cup ncouple n cupboard n courage n cure n & vcourse n curious acourt n currency n courtyard n curriculum n cousin n curtain ncover n & v cushion ncow n custom ncrash v & n customer ncrayon n customs ncrazy a cut(cut,cut) v & n cream n cycle vcreate v cyclist ndeclare vD decline vdad=daddy n decorate vdaily a,ad & n decoration ndam n decrease vdamage n & v deed ndamp a & n deep a & addance n & v deer ndanger n defeat v dangerous a defence(Am defense) n dare v & modal v defend vdark a & n degree ndarkness n delay n & vdash v & n delete v & ndata n deliberately ad database n delicate adate n & v delicious a daughter n delight ndawn n delighted aday n deliver vdead a demand vdeadline n dentist ndeaf a department(Dept.) n deal n departure ndear a depend vdeath n deposit v & n debate n & v depth ndebt n describe vdecade n description n decide v desert v & n decision n deserve vdesign v & n dilemma n desire v & n dimension n desk n dinner n desperate a dinosaur n dessert n dioxide n destination n dip vdestroy v diploma n detective n direct a & v determine v direction n develop v director n development n directory n devote v dirty a devotion n disability n diagram n disabled adial v disadvantage n dialogue(Am dialog) n disagree v diamond n disagreement n diary n disappear v dictation n disappoint v dictionary n disappointed a die v disaster ndiet n discount n differ v discourage v difference n discover v different a discovery n difficult a discrimination n difficulty n discuss vdig(dug,dug) v discussion n digest v disease n digital a disgusting a dignity n dish ndisk=disc n dislike vdismiss v distance n distant a distinction n distinguish v distribute v district ndisturb v disturbing adive vdiverse adivide vdivision n divorce vdizzy ado(did,done)v doctor n document ndog ndoll ndollar ndonate vdoor ndormitory(dorm) n dot ndouble a & n doubt n & v down prep & ad download n & v downstairs ad downtown ad,n & a dozen nDr=doctor ndraft n & vdrag vdraw(drew,drawn) v drawback n drawer ndream(dreamt,dreamt 或-ed,-ed) n & v dress n & vdrill n & vdrink(drank,drunk) v drive(drove,driven) v driver ndrop n & vdrug ndrum ndrunk adry v & aduck ndue adull adumpling nduring prepdusk ndust ndustbin ndusty aduty nDVD=digital versatile disk n elect vdynamic a electric a dynasty n electrical aelectricity nE electronic aeach a & pron elegant aeager a elephant neagle n else adear n e-mail n & v early a & ad embarrass vearn v embassy nearth n emergency n earthquake n emperor neast a,ad & n employ vEaster n empty aeastern a encourage veasy a encouragement n eat(ate,eaten) v end n & vecology n ending nedge n endless aedition n enemy neditor n energetic a educate v energy n education n engine n educator n engineer neffect n enjoy veffort n enjoyable aegg n enlarge v eggplant n enough pron,a & ad either a,conj & ad enquiry nelder n enter venterprise n everything pron entertainment n everywhere ad enthusiastic a evidence nentire a evident a entrance n evolution nentry n exact aenvelope n exam=examination n environment n examine venvy v & n example nequal a & v excellent a equality n except prepequip v exchange n & v equipment n excite veraser n excuse n & verror n exercise n & v erupt v exhibition n escape n & v exist vespecially ad existence nessay n exit nEurope n expand v European a & n expect vevaluate v expectation neven ad expense nevening n expensive aevent n experience n eventually ad experiment never ad expert nevery a explain v everybody pron explanation n everyday a explicit a everyone pron explode vexplore v fantastic aexport n & v fantasy nexpose v far(farther,farthestexpress v & n 或 further,furthest) a & ad expression n fare nextension n farm nextra a farmer nextraordinary a fast a & adextreme a fasten veye n fat n & aeyesight n father nfault nF favour(Am favor) nface n & v favourite(Am favorite) a & n facial a fax n & vfact n fear nfactory n feast nfade v feather nfail v & n federal afailure n fee nfair1 a feed(fed,fed) vfair2 n feel(felt,felt) vfaith n feeling nfall1(fell,fallen) v fellow nfall2(Am)=autumn n female a & nfalse a fence nfamiliar a ferry nfamily n festival n & afamous a fetch vfan n fever nfancy n,v & a few pron & afibre(Am fiber) n flat2 nfiction n flee(fled,fled) vfield n flesh nfierce a flexible afight(fought,fought) n & v flight nfigure n & v float vfile n flood n & vfill v floor nfilm n & v flour nfinal a flow vfinance n flower nfind(found,found) v flu nfine1 a fluency nfine2 v fluent afinger n fly1(flew,flown) v fingernail n fly2 nfinish v & n focus v & nfire n & v fog nfireworks n foggy afirm1 n fold vfirm2 a folk n & afish n & v follow vfisherman n fond afist n food nfit a & v fool n & vfix v foolish aflag n foot(pl feet) nflame n football nflash n for prep & conj flashlight n forbid(forbade,forbidden) v flat1 a force vforecast n & v frequent a forehead n fresh aforeign a friction n foreigner n fridge=refrigerator n foresee(foresaw,foreseen) v friend nforest n friendly a forever ad friendship n forget(forgot,forgot/forgotten) v frighten v forgetful a frog nforgive(forgave,forgiven) v from prepfork n front a & nform n & v frontier nformat n frost nformer a fruit nfortnight n fry vfortunate a fuel nfortune n full aforward ad fun n & afoster v function n & v found v fundamental a fountain n funeral nfox n funny afragile a fur nfragrant a furnished a framework n furniture nfranc n future nfree afreedom n Gfreeway n gain vfreeze(froze,frozen) v gallery n freezing a gallon ngame n glue ngarage n go(went,gone) v garbage n goal ngarden n goat ngarlic n god ngarment n gold n & agas n golden agate n golf ngather v good(better,best) agay a goods ngeneral a & n goose(pl geese) n generation n govern vgenerous a government ngentle a grade ngentleman n gradual ageography n graduate vgeometry n graduation ngesture n grain nget(got,got) v gram ngift n grammar ngifted a grand agiraffe n grandchild ngirl n granddaughter ngive(gave,given) v grandma=grandmother n glad a grandpa=grandfather n glance v grandparents nglare v grandson nglass n granny nglobe n grape nglory n graph nglove n grasp vgrass n hair ngrateful a haircut ngravity n half a & ngreat a & ad hall ngreedy a ham ngreen a & n hamburger n greengrocer n hammer ngreet v hand n & vgreeting n handbag ngrey(Am gray) a handful ngrill n handkerchief ngrocer n handle n & vgrocery n handsome aground n handwriting ngroup n handy agrow(grew,grown) v hang(hung,hung 或-ed,-ed) v growth n happen vguarantee v happiness nguard n happy aguess v harbour(Am harbor) n guest n hard ad & aguidance n hardly adguide n hardship nguilty a hardworking aguitar n harm n & vgun n harmful agym=gymnasium n harmony ngymnastics n harvest n & vhat nH hatch vhabit n hate v & nhave(has,had,had) v hide(hid,hidden) vhe pron high a & adhead n & v highway nheadache n hill nheadline n him pron headmaster n himself pron headmistress n hire vhealth n his pronhealthy a history nhear(heard,heard) v hit(hit,hit) v & n hearing n hobby nheart n hold(held,held) vheat n hole nheaven n holiday nheavy a holy aheel n home n & adheight n homeland n helicopter n hometown nhello int homework nhelmet n honest ahelp n & v honey nhelpful a honour(Am honor) n & v hen n hook n & vher pron hope n & vherb n hopeful ahere ad hopeless ahero n horrible ahers pron horse nherself pron hospital nhesitate v host n & vhi int hostess nhot a identification n hotdog n identity n hotel n idiom nhour n if conjhouse n ignore v housewife n ill a housework n illegal ahow ad illness n however ad & conj imagine v howl v immediately ad hug v immigration n huge a import v & n human a & n importance n human being n important a humorous a impossible a humour(Am humor) n impress v hunger n impression n hungry a improve v hunt v in prep & ad hunter n inch n hurricane n incident n hurry v include vhurt(hurt,hurt) v income n husband n increase v & n hydrogen n indeed aindependence n I independent a I pron indicate vice n industry nice-cream n influence n & v idea n inform vinformation n interval ninitial a interview n & vinjure v into prepinjury n introduce vink n introduction ninn n invent vinnocent a invention ninsect n invitation ninsert v invite vinside prep & ad iron n & vinsist v irrigation ninspect v is v(be)inspire v island ninstant a it proninstead ad its proninstitute n itself proninstitution ninstruct v Jinstruction n jacket ninstrument n jam ninsurance n jar ninsure v jaw nintelligence n jazz nintend v jeans nintention n jeep ninterest n jet ninteresting a jewellery(Am jewelry) n international a job nInternet n jog vinterpreter n join vinterrupt v joke njournalist n kiss n & vjourney n kitchen njoy n kite njudge n & v knee njudgement knife(pl knives) n (Am judgment) n knock n & vjuice n know(knew,known) v jump n & v knowledge njungle njunior a Ljust a & ad lab=laboratory n justice n labour(Am labor) nlack n & vK lady nkangaroo n lake nkeep(kept,kept) v lamb nkettle n lame akey n lamp nkeyboard n land n & vkick v & n language nkid n lantern nkill v lap nkilo n large akilogram n last a & v kilometre(Am kilometer) n late a & adkind1 n latter nkind2 a laugh n & v kindergarten n laughter n kindness n laundry nking n law nkingdom n lawyer nlay(laid,laid) v lie2(lay,lain) v lazy a life(pl lives) n lead(led,led) v & n lift v & n leader n light n,v & a leaf(pl leaves) n lightning n league n like v & prep leak v likely alearn(learnt,learnt limit v或-ed,-ed) v line n & vleast n link v & n leather n lion nleave(left,left) v lip nlecture n liquid n & aleft a,ad & n list n & vleg n listen vlegal a literature n lemon n & a literary a lemonade n litre(Am liter) n lend(lent,lent) v litter vlength n little(less,least) a lesson n live v & alet(let,let) v lively aletter n load nlevel n loaf n liberation n local aliberty n lock n & v librarian n lonely alibrary n long a & ad license n look n & vlid n loose alie1 n & v lorry nlose(lost,lost) v manage vloss n manager nlot n mankind nloud a manner nlounge n many(more,most) pron & a love n & v map nlovely a maple nlow a & ad marathon nluck n marble nlucky a march n & vluggage n mark n & vlunch n market nlung n marriage nmarry vM mask n & vmachine n mass nmad a master v & nmadam/madame n mat nmagazine n match v & nmagic a material nmaid n mathematicsmail n & v =math/maths nmailbox n matter n & vmain a mature amainland n maximum a & nmajor a may modal vmajority n maybe admake1 n me pronmake2(made,made) v meal nmale a & n mean(meant,meant) v man(pl men) n meaning nmeans n microwave nmeanwhile ad middle nmeasure v midnight nmeat n might modal vmedal n mild amedia n mile nmedical a milk n & vmedicine n millimetremedium n (Am millimeter) nmeet(met,met) v & n millionaire nmeeting n mind n & vmelon n mine1 n & vmember n mine2 pronmemorial n & a mineral nmemory n minibus nmend v minimum amental a minister nmention n & v ministry nmenu n minority nmerchant a & n minus prep & amerciful a minute nmercy n mirror nmerely ad miss1 nmerry a miss2 vmess n missile nmessage n mist nmessy a mistakemetal n & a (mistook,mistaken) v & n method n mistaken ametre(Am meter) n misunderstandmicroscope n (misunderstood,misunderstood) v。

全国卷2019年高考英语考试大纲解读专题01考核目标和要求含解析20190330160

专题01 考核目标和要求一、语言知识语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题，要求词汇量为 3500 左右。

语言运用包括听力、阅读、写作和口语。

语音项目表1. 基本读音(1) 26 个字母的读音(2) 元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3) 元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4) 元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5) 常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6) 辅音字母组合的读音(7) 辅音连缀的读音(8) 成节音的读音2. 重音(1) 单词重音(2) 句子重音3. 读音的变化(1) 连读(2) 失去爆破(3) 弱读(4) 同化4. 语调与节奏(1) 意群与停顿(2) 语调(3) 节奏5. 语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6. 朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7. 主要英语国家的英语语音差异【解读】掌握英语语音对于听力理解和口语是非常重要的。

语法项目表1. 名词(1) 可数名词及其单复数(2) 不可数名词(3) 专有名词(4) 名词所有格2. 代词(1) 人称代词(2) 物主代词(3) 反身代词(4) 指示代词(5) 不定代词(6) 疑问代词3. 数词(1) 基数词(2) 序数词4. 介词和介词短语5. 连词6. 形容词(比较级和最高级)7. 副词(比较级和最高级)8. 冠词9. 动词(1) 动词的基本形式(2) 系动词(3) 及物动词和不及物动词(4) 助动词(5) 情态动词10. 时态(1) 一般现在时(2) 一般过去时(3) 一般将来时(4) 现在进行时(5) 过去进行时(6) 过去将来时(7) 将来进行时(8) 现在完成时(9) 过去完成时(10) 现在完成进行时11. 被动语态12. 非谓语动词(1) 动词不定式(2) 动词的-ing 形式(3) 动词的-ed 形式13. 构词法(1) 合成法(2) 派生法(3) 转化法(4) 缩写和简写14. 句子种类(1) 陈述句(2) 疑问句(3) 祈使句(4) 感叹句15. 句子成分(1) 主语(2) 谓语(3) 表语(4) 宾语(5) 定语(6) 状语(7) 补语16. 简单句的基本句型17. 主谓一致18. 并列复合句19. 主从复合句(1) 宾语从句(2) 状语从句(3) 定语从句(4) 主语从句(5) 表语从句20. 间接引语21. 省略22. 倒装23. 强调24. 虚拟语气功能意念项目表1. 社会交往 (Social Communications)(1) 问候 (Greetings)(2) 介绍 (Introduction)(3) 告别 (Farewells )(4) 感谢 (Thanks )(5) 道歉 (Apologies)(6) 邀请 (Invitation)(7) 请求允许 (Asking for permission)(8) 祝愿和祝贺 (Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9) 提供帮助 (Offering help)(10) 接受和拒绝 (Acceptance and refusal)(11) 约会 (Making appointments)(12) 打电话 (Making telephone calls)(13) 就餐 (Having meals)(14) 就医 (Seeing the doctor)(15) 购物 (Shopping)(16) 问路 (Asking the way)(17) 谈论天气 (Talking about weather)(18) 语言交际困难 (Language difficulties in communication)(19) 提醒注意 (Reminding)(20) 警告和禁止 (Warning and prohibition)(21) 劝告 (Advice)(22) 建议 (Suggestions)2. 态度 (Attitudes)(23) 同意和不同意 (Agreement and disagreement)(24) 喜欢和不喜欢 (Likes and dislikes)(25) 肯定和不肯定 (Certainty and uncertainty)(26) 可能和不可能 (Possibility and impossibility)(27) 能够和不能够 (Ability and inability)(28) 偏爱和优先选择 (Preference)(29) 意愿和打算 (Intentions and plans)(30) 希望和愿望 (Hopes and wishes)(31) 表扬和鼓励 (Praise and encouragement)(32) 责备和抱怨 (Blame and complaint)(33) 冷淡 (Indifference)(34) 判断与评价 (Judgement and evaluation)3. 情感 (Emotions)(35) 高兴 (Happiness)(36) 惊奇 (Surprise)(37) 忧虑 (Worries)(38) 安慰 (Reassurance)(39) 满意 (Satisfaction)(40) 遗憾 (Regret)(41) 同情 (Sympathy)(42) 恐惧 (Fear)(43) 愤怒 (Anger)4. 时间 (Time)(44) 时刻 (Point of time)(45) 时段 (Duration)(46) 频度 (Frequency)(47) 时序 (Sequence)5. 空间 (Space)(48) 位置 (Position)(49) 方向 (Direction)(50) 距离 (Distance)6. 存在 (Existence)(51) 存在与不存在 (Existence and Non-existence) 7. 特征 (Features)(52) 形状 (Shape)(53) 颜色 (Colour)(54) 材料 (Material)(55) 价格 (Price)(56) 规格 (Size)(57) 年龄 (Age)8. 计量 (Measurement)(58) 长度 (Length)(59) 宽度 (Width)(60) 高度 (Height)(61) 数量 (Number)9. 比较 (Comparison)(62) 同级比较 (Equal comparison)(63) 差别比较 (Comparative and superlative)(64) 相似和差别 (Similarity and difference)10. 逻辑关系 (Logical relations)(65) 原因和结果 (Cause and effect)(66) 目的 (Purpose)11. 职业 (Occupations)(67) 工作 (Jobs)(68) 单位 (Employer)话题项目表1. 个人情况 (Personal information)2. 家庭、朋友与周围的人 (Family, friends and people around)3. 周围的环境 (Personal environments)4. 日常活动 (Daily routines)5. 学校生活 (School life)6. 兴趣与爱好 (Interests and hobbies)7. 个人感情 (Emotions)8. 人际关系 (Interpersonal relationships)9. 计划与愿望 (Plans and intentions)10. 节假日活动 (Festivals, holidays and celebrations)11. 购物 (Shopping)12. 饮食 (Food and drink)13. 健康 (Health)14. 天气 (Weather)15. 文娱与体育 (Entertainment and sports)16. 旅游和交通 (Travel and transport)17. 语言学习 (Language learning)18. 自然 (Nature)19. 世界与环境 (The world and the environment)20. 科普知识与现代技术 (Popular science and modern technology)21. 热点话题 (Topical issues)22. 历史与地理 (History and geography)23. 社会 (Society)24. 文学与艺术 (Literature and art)词汇表（附后）二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

2019高考全国卷英语考试大纲word版

2019高考全国卷英语考试大纲word版The 2019 nal College XXX (Word n)Assessment Objectives and RequirementsI。

Language KnowledgeCandidates are required to master and apply basic knowledge of English ics。

vocabulary。

grammar。

as well as nal ideas and topics learned (see Appendices 1-5)。

The vocabulary requirement is around 3,500 words.II。

Language Use1.ListeningXXX:1) Understand the main idea;2) Obtain specific factual n;3) XXX;4) Understand the speaker's intent。

viewpoint。

and attitude.2.ReadingCandidates are required to read short passages on general topics from books。

newspapers。

magazines。

as well as notices。

ns。

and advertisements。

XXX n。

They should be able to:1) Understand the main idea;2) Understand specific n in the text;3) XXX;4) Make judgments and inferences;5) Understand the basic structure of the text;6) Understand the author's intent。

2019年天津市高考英语考纲词汇表(官方完整版)

2019年天津市高考英语考纲词汇表(官方完整版)◆A◆a (an) art. 一（个、件……）△abandon v.舍弃，放弃ability n. 能力；才干able a. 能够的；有能力的abnormal a. 反常的，异常的aboard prep.& ad. 在(船、飞机、车)上，上船等about ad. 大约；到处；四处prep. 关于；在各处；四处above prep. 在……上面a.上面的ad. 在……之上abroad ad. 到（在）国外absent a. 缺席，不在absolute a. 十足的；绝对的absolutely ad.绝对的；完全的absorb v.吸收；吸引△abstract a./ n. 抽象的（作品）accent n. 口音，音调accept vt. 接受access n.通道；进入accident n. 事故，意外的事accomplish v. 达到(目的)，完成(任务)，实现(计划)account n. 账目；描述accurate a.精确的accuse v.控告accustomed a.通常的ache vi.& n. 痛，疼痛achieve vt. 达到，取得achievement n.成就acknowledge v. 承认；答谢acquire v.获得；学到across prep. 横过，穿过act n. 法令，条例v.（戏）表演，扮演（角色），演出（戏）；行动，做事action n. 行动active a. 积极的，主动的activity n. 活动actor n. 男演员actress n. 女演员actual a. 实际的；现实的AD n. 公元ad (缩) =advertisement n.广告adapt v.适应add vt.添加，增加addition n. 增加；（算数用语）加address n. 地址△adjust v. 调整,调节,适应,习惯△administration n.管理，行政部门△admirable a.值得赞赏的，可钦佩的；极好的admire v. 钦佩；羡慕admission n. 准入，接纳admit vt.承认,准许（入场,入学等）adopt v.收养；过继adult n. 成年人advance v. 推进，促进；前进advanced a. 先进的；高级的advantage n. 优点；好处adventure n. 冒险；奇遇advertise vt. 为……做广告advice n. 忠告，劝告，建议advise vt. 忠告，劝告，建议△advocate v. 拥护，支持，提倡affair n. 事，事情affect vt. 影响afford vt. 负担得起（……的费用）；抽得出（时间）；提供afraid a. 害怕的；担心Africa n. 非洲African a. 非洲的，非洲人的n. 非洲人after ad. 在后；后来prep. 在……之后；在后面conj. 在……以后afternoon n. 下午，午后afterward（s）ad. 后来again ad. 再一次；再，又against prep. 对着，反对age n. 年龄；时代agency n.代理；中介agent n.代理人aggressive a.侵略的；咄咄逼人的ago ad. 以前agree v. 同意；应允agreement n.同意,一致; 协定,协议agricultural a. 农业的agriculture n. 农业，农学ahead ad. 在前，向前aid n. 援助；救护；辅助器具AIDS n. 爱滋病，获得性免疫功能丧失综合症aim n.目的；目标v. 计划，打算；瞄准；针对air n. 空气；大气aircraft n. 飞机(单复数同)airline n. 航空公司；航空系统airport n. 航空站，飞机场alarm n. 警报album n.相簿alcohol n.酒精alike a.&ad. 相同的；类似于alive a. 活着的，存在的all ad. 全部地a. 全（部）；所有的；总；整pron. 全部；全体人员allow vt. 允许，准许almost ad. 几乎，差不多alone a. 单独的，孤独的along ad. 向前；和…一起；一同prep. 沿着；顺着alongside ad.在…旁边，与…同时aloud ad. 大声地already ad. 已经also ad. 也although conj. 虽然，尽管altogether ad. 总共always ad. 总是；一直；永远am v. be的人称形式之一a.m./am，A.M./AM n. 午前，上午amaze v.惊奇，惊叹；震惊amazing a.令人吃惊的ambition n.野心ambulance n. 救护车America n. 美国；美洲among prep. 在……中间；在（三个以上）之间amount n.&v. 数量；总计amuse vt.（使人）快乐，逗乐△amusement n. 娱乐amusing a. 有趣的，逗乐的analyse（Analyze）v. 分析△bravery n. 勇气bread n. 面包break (broke，broken) v. 打破（断，碎）；损坏，撕开breakfast n. 早餐breast n. 胸，胸部breath n. 气息；呼吸breathe vi. 呼吸△breathless a. 气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的brick n. 砖；砖块bride n. 新娘bridge n. 桥brief a. 简洁的briefly ad. 简洁地，简短地bright a. 明亮的；聪明的bring (brought，brought) vt. 拿来，带来，取来broad a. 宽的，宽大的broadcast n. 广播节目vt. (broadcast，broadcast或-ed，-ed）广播brochure n.手册broom n. 扫帚brother n. 兄；弟brown n. 褐色，棕色a. 褐色的，棕色的brush v. & n. 刷子;轻碰;刷budget n.&v. 预算；安排build (built，built) v. 建筑；造building n. 建筑物；房屋；大楼burden n. 负担，负荷burn (-ed，-ed 或burnt，burnt) v. 燃,烧,着火;使烧焦;使晒黑n. 烧伤；晒伤burst v. 突然发生；突然发作bury vt. 埋；葬bus n. 公共汽车bush n. 灌木，灌木丛business n.（本分）工作，职业；职责；生意，交易；事业businessman n.商人(男);男企业家businesswoman n. 商人（女）；女企业家busy a. 忙（碌）的but conj. 但是，可是prep. 除了，除……外butcher n. & vt. 肉店；屠夫屠宰（动物）；残杀（人）butter n. 黄油，奶油butterfly n. 蝴蝶button n. 纽扣；（电铃等的）按钮v. 扣（纽扣）buy(bought，bought)vt. 买by prep. 靠近，在…旁；在…时间；不迟于；被；用；由；乘（车）bye int. 再见◆C◆cabbage n. 卷心菜，洋白菜cafe n. 咖啡馆；餐馆cafeteria n. 自助餐厅cage n. 笼；鸟笼cake n. 蛋糕，糕点；饼calculate v.计算；打算calendar n.日历call n. 喊，叫；电话，通话v. 称呼；呼唤；喊，叫calm a. 镇静的；沉着的v. 镇静；沉着camera n. 照相机,摄影机,摄像机camp n.（夏令）营vi. 野营；宿营campaign n.&v. 战斗；作战can 1 (could) modal v.可能;能够;可以can't = can not不能can 2 n.（美）罐头；罐子a garbage can （美）垃圾桶a can opener开罐器canal n. 运河；水道cancel vt. 取消cancer n. 癌candidate n.候选人candle n. 蜡烛candy n. 糖果cap n.（无檐的或仅在前面有檐的）帽子；（瓶子的）盖；（钢笔等的）笔套capital n.首都,省会；大写；资本△capsule n. [医]胶囊；[航]太空舱；小容器captain n.（海军）上校；船长，舰长；队长car n. 汽车，小卧车carbon n. 碳card n.卡片care n. 照料，保护；小心v. 介意…，在乎；关心careful a. 小心的,仔细的,谨慎的careless a. 粗心的，漫不经心的carpet n. 地毯△carriage n. 四轮马车;（火车）客车厢carrot n. 胡萝卜carry vt. 拿，搬，带，提，抬，背，抱，运等cartoon n. 动画片，卡通；漫画carve vt.刻；雕刻case n. 情况；病例；案件；真相；箱；盒；容器cash n. 现金，现钞v. 兑现cassette n.暗盒castle n. 城堡casual a. 漫不经心的；随便的；临时的；偶然的cat n. 猫catastrophe n. 大灾难，灾祸catch (caught，caught) v.接住；捉住；赶上；染上（疾病）cattle n. 牛（总称），家畜cause n. 原因，起因vt. 促使，引起，使发生cautious a. 小心的，谨慎的cave n. 山洞，岩洞celebrate v. 庆祝△celebration n. 庆祝；庆祝会cell n.［生物］细胞cent n. 美分（100cents = 1 dollar）centimetre (美centimeter) n.公分，厘米central a. 中心的,中央的;主要的centre (美center ) n. 中心，中央century n. 世纪，百年ceremony n.典礼certain a.（未指明真实名称的）某…;确定的,无疑的;一定会…chain n. 链；链条chair n. 椅子；(会议)主席chairman n. 主席，会长；议长chairwoman n. 女主席，女会长；女议长chalk n. 粉笔challenge n.挑战(性) championship n. 锦标赛chance n. 机会，可能性change n. 零钱；找头v. 改变，变化；更换；兑换channel n.频道；通道；水渠chapter n. 章character n.（汉）字，字体；品格characteristic a. 特有的，独特的，n. 特性，特征charge v. 要求收费；索价；将(电池)充电n. 费用；价钱chart n. 图表；航海图chat n. & vi.聊天，闲谈cheap a. 便宜的，贱cheat n. & v. 骗取，哄骗；作弊check n. 检查；批改vt. 校对，核对；检查；批改cheek n. 面颊，脸蛋cheer n. & vi. 欢呼；喝彩cheese n. 奶酪chemical a. 化学的n. 化学品chemist n. 药剂师；化学家chemistry n. 化学cheque (美check) n. 支票chess n. 棋chest n. 箱子；盒子；胸部△chew v. 咀嚼，咬chicken n. 鸡；鸡肉chief a. 主要的；首要的n. 领导，头child (复children) n. 孩子，儿童childhood n. 幼年时代，童年chocolate n. 巧克力choice n. 选择，抉择choke v.（使)窒息,呛；塞满,塞住choose (chose，chosen) vt. 选择chopsticks n. 筷子Christian n. 基督教徒和天主教徒的总称Christmas n. 圣诞节church n. 教堂；教会cigar n. 雪茄烟cigarette n. 纸烟，香烟cinema n. 电影院；电影circle n. vt. 圆圈将……圈起来circumstance n. 环境，形势citizen n. 公民；居民city n. 市，城市，都市civil a. 国内的；平民（非军人）的；民用的civilisation（civilization）n. 文化，文明△clarify v. 澄清，阐明class n.（学校里的）班；年级；课classic a. 传统的；古典的classmate n. 同班同学classroom n. 教室clean vt. 弄干净，擦干净a. 清洁的，干净的clear a. 清晰的；明亮的；清楚的clerk n. 书记员；办事员；职员clever a. 聪明的，伶俐的climate n. 气候climb v. 爬，攀登clinic n. 诊所clock. n. 钟close a. 亲密的；近，靠近ad. 近，靠近cloth n. 布clothes n. 衣服；各种衣物clothing n. (总称) 衣服cloud n. 云；云状物；阴影cloudy a. 多云的，阴天的club n. 俱乐部；纸牌中的梅花coach n. 教练；马车；长途车coal n. 煤；煤块coast n. 海岸；海滨coat n. 外套；涂层；表皮；皮毛coffee n. 咖啡coin n. 硬币coincidence n. 巧合，巧事；(意见、爱好等的)一致coke n. 可口可乐cold a.冷的,寒的n.寒冷;感冒,伤风collar n. 衣领；硬领colleague n. 同事collect vt. 收集，搜集collection n. 收藏品，收集物college n. 学院；专科学校colour (美color) n. 颜色vt. 给……着色，涂色comb n. 梳子v. 梳combine vt. 使联合；使结合come (came，come) vi. 来，来到△comedy n. 喜剧；喜剧性；有趣的事情comfort n. 安慰；慰问comfortable a. 舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的command n. & v. 命令;指挥;掌握comment n. 评论commercial a.商业的commitment n. 承诺，保证；信奉，献身；承担的义务committee n.委员会common a. 普通的,一般的;共有的communicate v. 交际；传达（感情，信息等）communication n. 交际;交往;通讯communism n. 共产主义communist n. 共产主义者a. 共产党的；共产主义的community n.社区；团体companion n. 同伴；同事company n. 公司compare vt. 比较，对照comparison n.比较；比喻compass n. 罗盘，罗盘仪compete vi. 比赛，竞赛competition n. 比赛，竞赛competitor n. 竞争者；比赛者complain v. 抱怨，投诉，控告complete a. 完成的vt. 完成，结束complex a.复杂的composition n. 作文comprehension n. 理解，理解力computer n. 电子计算机concentrate n.&v.集中concept n.观念concern v.关心concert n. 音乐会；演奏会conclude v. 完成，结束conclusion n. 结论；结束△concrete a. 混凝土制的；实在的，具体的；有形的condition n. 条件，状况conduct vt. 引导，带领conference n.(正式的)会议；讨论confident a.自信的confirm v.确认conflict n.&v.冲突confuse v.使混乱congratulate vt. 祝贺congratulation n. 祝贺，庆贺connect vt. 连接，把…联系起来connection n. 连接物；接触，联系consequence n.结论consequently ad. 所以，因此consider vt. 考虑considerate a. 体贴的consideration n. 考虑，要考虑的事；体贴，关心consist v. 包含，组成，构成constant a. 经常的，不断的constantly ad. 经常地；不断地construct v. 构筑；建造，建设construction n. 建造,建设;建筑物consult v.商量consume v.消耗contain v. 包含；包括；能容纳content a. 甘愿的，满意的n. 内容continent n. 大陆，大洲；陆地continue vi. 继续contrary n. a. 相反相反的contrast n.&v.对比contribute v.捐献△contribution n. 贡献control vt.& n. 控制convenience n. 便利convenient a. 便利的，方便的conversation n. 谈话，交谈convey v.传达convince v.使确信convincing a.有说服力的;有力的cook n. 炊事员，厨师v. 烹调，做饭cool a. 凉的，凉爽的；酷cooperation n.合作copy n. 抄本，副本；一本（份，册……）v. 抄写；复印；（计算机用语）拷（备份盘）corn n. 玉米，谷物corner n. 角；角落；拐角corporation n. 集团，公司correct v. 改正；纠正a. 正确的，对的；恰当的cost (cost，cost) v. 值（多少钱）；花费cottage n. 小屋，村舍cotton n. 棉花a. 棉花的cough n.& vi. 咳嗽count vt. 数，点数counter n. 柜台，结账处country n. 国家；农村，乡下countryside n. 乡下，农村couple n. 夫妇，一对courage n. 勇气；胆略course n. 过程；经过；课程cousin n. 堂（表）兄弟，堂（表）姐妹cover n. 盖子；罩v. 覆盖，遮盖；掩盖cow n. 母牛，奶牛crash n.&v.碰撞crazy a. 疯狂的cream n. 奶油，乳脂create vt. 创造；造成creature n.生物credit n. 信用；信赖；信誉crew n. 全体船员crime n.&v.罪行；控告criminal a.&n.犯罪的；罪犯crop n. 庄稼；收成cross a. 脾气不好的，易怒的n. 十字形的东西vt. 越过；穿过crossroads n. 交叉路口crowd n. 人群vt. 拥挤，群聚cruel a. 残忍的，残酷的；无情的cry n.叫喊；哭声v. 喊叫；哭cucumber n. 黄瓜culture n. 文化cup n. 茶杯cupboard n. 碗柜；橱柜cure n. & vt. 治疗；医好curiosity n. 好奇，好奇心curious a. 好奇的；奇异的curiously ad. 好奇地currency n. 货币；现金curtain n. 窗帘cushion n. 垫子custom n. 习惯，习俗，风俗习惯customer n.(商店等的)顾客，主顾cut (cut，cut) v. & n.切,剪,削; 割伤cycle vi. 骑自行车◆D◆dad = daddy n.（口语）爸爸daily a. 每日的；日常的ad. 每天n. 日报dam n. 水坝，堰堤damage n.& vt. 毁坏，损害△damp a. 湿的，潮湿的dance n.& vi. 跳舞danger n. 危险dangerous a. 危险的dare v.& aux.（后接不带to的不定式；主要用于疑问，否定或条件句）敢，敢于dark n. 黑暗；暗处；日暮a. 黑暗的；暗淡的；深色的darkness n. 黑暗，盲目dash v. & n. 快跑，冲刺，短跑data n. 资料，数据△database n. 资料库，数据库date n. & v. 日期；约会daughtern. 女儿dawn n. 黎明，拂晓day n.（一）天，（一）日；白天dead a. 死的；无生命的deadline n. 最后期限，截止日期deaf a. 聋的deal(dealt,dealt)n. 量,数额；交易dear a. 亲爱的；贵的death n. 死debate n. & v.讨论，辩论debt n. 债务；欠款拉，拖；提取（金钱）dream (dreamt，dreamt 或-ed，-ed) n.& vt. 梦，梦想dress n. 女服，连衣裙；(统指)服装；童装v. 穿衣；穿着drink(drank，drunk) v. 喝，饮drive(drove，driven) v. 驾驶，开（车）；驱赶driver n. 司机，驾驶员drop n. 滴v. 掉下，落下；投递；放弃drown vi. 溺死；淹没drug n. 药，药物；毒品drum n. 鼓dry v. 使……干；弄干；擦干a. 干的；干燥的duck n. 鸭子due a. 预期的；约定的dull a. 阴暗的；单调无味during prep. 在……期间；在…过程中dusk n. 黄昏dust n. & v. 尘土；粉末dusty a. 尘土般的，尘土多的duty n. 责任，义务dynasty n.朝代◆E◆each a.& pron. 每人，每个，每件eager a. 渴望的，热切的ear n. 耳朵；耳状物；听力，听觉early a. 早的ad. 早地earn vt. 挣得，赚得earth n. 地球；土，泥；大地earthquake n. 地震ease v. 减轻；缓解（难度或严重程度）east a. 东方的；东部的；朝东的；从东方来的ad. 在东方；向东方；从东方n. 东，东方；东部eastern a. 东方的；东部的eastward a. & ad. 向东easy a. 容易的，不费力的eat (ate，eaten) v. 吃ecology n. 生态；生态学edge n. 边缘edit v. 编辑，校订；主编，编辑edition n.（发行物的）版，版（本）△editor n. 编辑educate vt. 教育，培养education n. 教育，培养effect n. 效果；作用effort n. 努力，艰难的尝试egg n. 蛋；卵either a. 两方任一方的；二者之一conj. 二者之一；要么……ad. (用于否定句或短语后)也elder n. 长者；前辈electric a. 电的electricity n. 电；电流electronic a. 电子的elephant n. 象else ad. 别的，其他的e-mail n.电子邮件v.发电子邮件embarrass v. 使尴尬，使难堪embassy n. 大使馆emergency n. 紧急情况或状态emotion n.情绪employ vt. 雇佣employee n. 受雇者，雇工，雇员employer n. 雇佣者，雇主empty a. 空的encourage vt. 鼓励end n. 末尾；终点；结束v. 结束，终止△endless a. 无止境的；没完的enemy n. 敌人；敌军energetic a. 精力旺盛的energy n. 精力，能量engage v.雇佣；吸引；占用engine n. 发动机，引擎engineer n. 工程师；技师English a. 英国的，英国人的，英语的n. 英语enjoy vt.欣赏;享受…之乐趣;喜欢△enjoyable a. 愉快的；有趣的enough n.足够;充足 a. 足够的；充分的ad. 足够地;充分地enter vt. 进入enterprise n.企业，事业entertain 招待；款待△entertainment n. 娱乐enthusiastic a.热心的entire a. 整个的，全部的entirely ad. 完全地；彻底地entrance n. 入口；入场；进入的权利;入学许可entry n. 进入envelope n.信封environment n. 环境envy vt.& n. 忌妒；羡慕equal a. 平等的vt. 等于，使等于equip vt. 提供设备；装备；配备equipment n. 装备，设备eraser n. 橡皮擦；黑板擦error n. 错误；差错escape n.& vi. 逃跑；逃脱especially ad. 特别，尤其Europe n. 欧洲European a. 欧洲的，欧洲人的n. 欧洲人evaluate v.评价even ad. 甚至，连（…都）；更evening n. 傍晚，晚上event ad. 事件，大事eventually ad. 最终地ever ad. 曾经；无论何时every a. 每一，每个的everybody pron. 每人，人人everyday a. 每日的；日常的everyone pron. 每人，人人everything pron. 每件事，事事everywhere ad. 到处evidence n.&v.证据；证明△evident a. 清楚的，显而易见的exact a. 精确的；确切的exam=examination n. 检查；考试examine vt. 检查；诊察example n. 例子；榜样excellent a. 极好的，优秀的except prep. 除……之外exchange n. 交换，掉换；交流excite vt. 使兴奋，使激动excuse n. 借口；辩解vt. 原谅；宽恕exercise n. 锻炼,做操；练习,习题伤人感情husband n. 丈夫◆I◆ice n. 冰ice-cream n. 冰淇淋idea n. 主意，意见，打算，想法identity n. 身份，个性idiom n. 习语，成语if conj. 如果，假使；是否ignore n.忽视ill a. 有病的；不健康的illegal a.非法的illness n. 疾病imagine vt. 想像，设想immediately ad. 立即imply v. 暗示import v.& n. 进口，输入importance n. 重要性important a. 重要的impossible a. 不可能的impress vt. 留下极深的印象impression n. 印象，感觉impressive a.感人的improve vt. 改进，更新in prep. 在……里(内)；在…；以…ad. 在家，在内，向内inch n. 英寸incident n. 事件include vt. 包含，包括income n. 收入，所得increase v. & n. 增加，繁殖indeed a. 确实；实在independence n. 独立independent a. 独立的；有主见的indicate v指示，指出；表明individual a. &n. 个人的，个体industry n. 工业，产业infer v.推断；推论influence n.& v. 影响inform vt. 告诉；通知informal a.非正式的information n. 信息injure vt. 损害，伤害injury n. 受伤处ink n. 墨水，油墨innocent a.无罪的insect n. 昆虫inside prep.在…里面ad.在里面insist vi. 坚持；坚决认为inspect vt. 检查；检验；审视inspire vt. 鼓舞；激励instant a. 瞬间；刹那instead ad. 代替，顶替institute n. (研究)所，院，学院institution n. 社会公共机构；制度instruction n. 说明，须知；教导instrument n. 乐器；工具，器械insurance n. 保险intelligence n.智力；理解力intelligent a.聪明的intend vt. 想要，打算interest n. 兴趣，趣味；利息interesting a. 有趣的international a. 国际的Internet n. 互联网，英特网interrupt v. 打扰，打断interview n.& vt. 采访,会见,面试into prep. 到…里；向内；变成introduce vt. 介绍introduction n. 引进，介绍invent vt. 发明，创造investigate v. 调查，调查研究△invitation n. 邀请，请帖invite vt. 邀请，招待involve v. 包含，含有；使卷入，使参于；牵涉iron n. 铁，熨斗vt. 熨烫island n. 岛issue v. & n. 问题；分发，流出；颁布，发行，出版item n.条款◆J◆jacket n. 短上衣，夹克衫jam n. 果酱；阻塞jazz n. 爵士音乐，爵士舞曲jeans n. 牛仔裤△jewel n. 宝石job n.（一份）工作join v. 参加，加入；连接；会合joke n. 笑话journal n.日报journalist n. 记者，新闻工作者journey n. 旅行，路程joy n. 欢乐，高兴，乐趣judgement n. 裁判，判断△judge n. 裁判；审判员；法官vt. 判断，断定juice n. 汁、液jump n. 跳跃；跳变v. 跳跃；惊起；猛扑△jungle n. 丛林，密林junior a. 初级的；年少的just ad. 刚才；恰好；不过；仅a. 公正的justice n. 正义；公正；司法◆K◆keep (kept，kept) v. 保持；保存；继续不断vt. 培育，饲养kettle n. 壶，水壶key n. 钥匙；答案；键；关键kick v.& n. 踢kid n. 小孩kill v. 杀死，弄死kilo n. 千克；千米kilogram(Am. kilogram）n. 千克kilometer(Am. kilometer) n. 千米（公里）kind 1 n. 种；类kind 2 a. 善良的；友好的kindergarten n. 幼儿园kindness n. 仁慈；善良king n. 国王kingdom n. 王国kiss n.& vt. 吻，亲吻kitchen n. 厨房kite n. 风筝knee n. 膝盖knife (复knives) n. 小刀；匕首；刀片knock n.& v. 敲；打；击know(knew，known) v. 知道，了解；认识；懂得knowledge n. 知识，学问◆L◆lab = laboratory n. 实验室labour (美labor) n. 劳动lack n.& vt. 缺乏，缺少lady n. 女士，夫人lake n. 湖lamp n. 灯，油灯；光源land n. 陆地；土地v. 登岸（陆）；降落language n. 语言large a. 大的；巨大的last a. 最近刚过去的；最后的v. 持续late a.晚的,迟的ad. 晚地,迟地latter n.（两者之中的）后者laugh n.& v. 笑，大笑；嘲笑laughter n. 笑；笑声law n. 法律，法令；定律lawyer n. 律师lay (laid，laid) vt. 放，搁lazy a. 懒惰的lead n. 铅v. (led，led) 领导，带领leader n. 领袖，领导人leaf (复leaves) n.（树，菜）叶learn (learnt，learnt；-ed，-ed) vt.学，学习，学会least n. 最少，最少量leather n. 皮革leave (left，left) v. 离开；把…留下，剩下lecture n. 讲课，演讲left a. 左边的ad. 向左n. 左，左边leg n. 腿；腿脚；支柱legal a.法定的；法律的；合法的lend (lent，lent) vt. 借（出），把…借给length n. 长，长度，段，节lesson n. 课；功课；教训let (let，let) vt. 让letter n. 信；字母level n. 水平线，水平library n. 图书馆，图书室lie 1 n.& vi. 谎言; 说谎lie2 (lay，lain) v. 躺；卧；平放；位于life (复lives) n. 生命；生涯；生活；人生；生物lift v. 举起,抬起；(云、烟等)消散n.（英）电梯light n. 光，光亮；灯，灯光vt. 点（火），点燃a. 明亮的；轻的；浅色的like prep. 像，跟…一样vt. 喜欢，喜爱likely a.很可能的limit vt. 限制；减少line n. 绳索，线，排，行，线路v. 画线于，（使）成行link v. 连接；联系lion n. 狮子lip n. 嘴唇liquid n. & a. 液体；液体的list n. 一览表，清单listen vi. 听，仔细听literature n. 文学litre (美liter) n.升;公升(容量单位)little (比较级less，最高级least)a. 小的，少的ad. 很少地，稍许n. 没有多少，一点live vi. 生活；居住；活着a. 活的，活着的；实况，现场（直播）的lively a. 活泼的；充满生气的load n. 担子，货物loaf n. 一个面包local a. 当地的；地方的lock n. 锁vt. 锁，锁上△logical adj. 逻辑学的；合逻辑的，合理的lonely a. 孤独的，寂寞的long a. 长的，远ad. 长久look n. 看,瞧；表情；样子；相貌v. 看,观看;寻找;注意,留神link v. 看来好像;似乎;显得loose a. 松散的；宽松的lorry n.（英）运货汽车，卡车lose (lost，lost) vt. 失去，丢失loss n. 丧失；损耗lot n. 许多，好些loud a. 大声的love n.& vt. 爱；热爱；很喜欢lovely a. 美好的，可爱的low a.& ad. 低；矮luck n. 运气，好运lucky a. 运气好，侥幸luggage n. (总称)行李lunch n. 午餐，午饭lung n. 肺；肺脏◆M◆machine n. 机器mad a. 发疯的；生气的madam/ madame n. 夫人，女士magazine n. 杂志mail n. 邮政，邮递v.（美）邮寄mailbox n. 邮筒；邮箱main a. 主要的mainland n. 大陆major a. 较大的；主要的majority n. 大多数make (made，made)vt. 制造，做；使得male a. 男（性）的；雄的man (复men) n. 成年男人;人,人类manage v. 管理；设法对付manager n. 经理mankind n. 人类；（总称）人manner n. 方式，态度，举止many (more，most) pron. 许多人（或物） a. 许多的map n. 地图march n. 游行，行进mark n. 标记vt. 标明,作记号于market n. 市场，集市marriage n. 结婚，婚姻marry v.（使）成婚，结婚master vt. 精通，掌握mat n. 垫子match vt. 使相配，使成对n. 比赛，竞赛; 火柴material n. 材料，原料math / mathsmathematics n. 数学matter n. 要紧事,要紧,事情；问题vi. 要紧，有重大关系may modal v. 可以；也许，可能maybe ad. 可能，大概，也许13meal n. 一餐（饭）mean (meant，meant) vt. 意思是，意指meaning n. 意思，含意means n. 方法，手段；财产meanwhile ad. 同时measure v. 量meat n.（猪、牛、羊等的）肉medal n. 奖牌media n. （medium的复数）新闻媒体；传媒medical a. 医学的，医疗的medicine n. 药媒体；meet (met，met) vt. & n. 遇见，见到; 会，集会meeting n. 会;集会;会见;汇合点member n. 成员，会员memory n. 回忆，记忆mend v. 修理，修补mental a. 精神的；脑力的mention n. 提及；记载vt. 提到，说起；提名表扬menu n. 菜单merely ad. 仅仅，只不过merry a. 高兴的，愉快的mess n. 凌乱message n. 消息，音信metal n. 金属 a. 金属制成的method n. 方法，办法metre (Am. meter) n. 米，公尺middle n. 中间；当中；中级的midnight n. 午夜might v. aux. (may的过去式，助动词) 可能，也许，或许mild a. 温和的，暖和的，凉爽的mile n. 英里milk n. 牛奶vt. 挤奶mind n. 思想，想法v. 介意，关心mine n. 矿藏，矿山vt. 开采（矿物）pron. 我的〈名词性物主代词〉mineral n. 矿物质，矿物minister n. 部长；牧师minority n. 少数；少数民族minute n. 分钟；一会儿，瞬间mirror n. 镜子miss 1 vt. 失去，错过，缺Miss 2 n. 小姐，女士mistake (mistook，mistaken)n. 错误vt. 弄错misunderstand (-stood，-stood)v. 误会；不理解mix v. 混合，搅拌mixture n. 混合物mobile a. 活动的，可移动的model n. 模型，原形；范例；模范modern a. 现代的modest a. 谦虚的；谦逊的mom = mum n. 妈妈moment n. 片刻，瞬间money n. 钱；货币monitor n.（班级内的）班长；纠察生；监视器monkey n. 猴子month n. 月，月份mood n.心境；情绪；语气；气氛moon n. 月球；月光；月状物moral a. n.道德的寓意，道德启示more（much或many 的比较级）a.另外的；附加的；较多的ad.再；另外；而且；更n. 更多的量；另外的一些morning n. 早晨，上午△mosquito n.蚊子mother n. 母亲△motivation n.（做事的）动机motor n. 发动机，电动机△motto n. 箴言，格言mountain n. 山，山脉△mountainous a. 多山的mouse (pl. mice) n. 鼠，耗子；（计算机）鼠标mouth n. 嘴，口move v. 移动，搬动，搬家movement n. 运动，活动movie n.（口语）电影Mr. = mister n. 先生（用于姓名前）Mrs. = mistress n. 夫人，太太（称呼已婚妇女）Ms. n. 女士(用在婚姻状况不明的女子姓名前)much (more，most) a. 许多的，大量的ad. 非常；更加n. 许多，大量，非常multiple a.多样的；许多的murder vt. 谋杀museum n. 博物馆，博物院music n. 音乐，乐曲musical a. 音乐的，爱好音乐的n. 音乐片must modal v. 必须,应当;必定是◆N◆nail n. 钉，钉子name n. 名字，姓名，名称vt. 命名，名叫narrow a. 狭窄的nation n. 民族，国家national a. 国家的，全国性的，民族的nationality n. 国籍△nationwide a. 全国范围内的，全国性的native a. 本土的，本国的natural a. 自然的nature n. 自然，性质，种类navy n. 海军near a. 近的ad. 附近，邻近prep. 在…附近，靠近nearby a. 附近的nearly ad. 将近，几乎neat a. 整洁的；灵巧的necessary a. 必需的，必要的neck n. 颈，脖子need n. 需要，需求aux.& v. 需要，必须needle n. 针negative a.消极的；否定的neighbour (Am. neighbor) n. 邻居，邻人neighbourhood (Am. neighborhood)n. 四邻；邻近地区neither a.（两者）都不；也不nephew n. 侄子，外甥nervous a. 紧张不安的nest n. 巢；窝net n. 网political a. 政治的pollute vt. 污染pollution n. 污染pool n. 水塘，水池poor a. 贫穷的；可怜的；不好的，差的pop = popular a. (口语)(音乐、艺术等)大众的,通俗的,受欢迎的population n. 人口，人数pork n. 猪肉port n. [C] 港；港口position n. 位置positive a. 确实的;积极的,肯定的possess vt. 占有；拥有possession n. 所有，拥有；财产，所有物possibility n. 可能，可能性possible a. 可能的post 1 n. 邮政，邮件；职位post 2 v. & n. 投寄；邮寄postcard n. 明信片postcode n.（英）邮政编码poster n. (贴在公共场所的大型)招贴；广告(画)pot n. 锅，壶，瓶，罐potato n. 土豆，马铃薯potential a.&n.可能的；可能性pound n. 磅；英镑pour vi. 倾泻，不断流出powder n. 粉，粉末power n. 力，动力，电力powerful a. 效力大的，强有力的，强大的practical a. 实际的，适用的practice n. 练习practise(Am. practise) v. 练习,实践praise n.& vt.赞扬，表扬pray v. 祈祷；祈求precious a. 宝贵的，珍贵的predict v.预报；预言prefer vt. 宁愿（选择），更喜欢△preference n. 选择，趋向，偏爱，优先权prepare vt. 准备,预备；调制,配制present 1 a. 出现的，出席的present 2 n. 礼物，赠品vt. 呈奉，奉送△presentation n. 演示，演出preserve v.保存；保护president n. 总统；主席press vt. 压，按n. 新闻界，出版社pressure n. 压迫，压力，压强pretend vi. 假装，装作pretty a. 漂亮的，俊俏的prevent vt. 防止，预防previous a. 以前的price n. 价格，价钱pride n. 自豪，骄傲primary a. 初等的；初级的principle n. 原则，原理print vt. 印刷prison n. 监狱prisoner n. 囚犯private a. 私人的prize n. 奖赏，奖品probably ad. 很可能，大概problem n. 问题，难题process n.&v.过程；加工produce vt. 生产；制造product n.产品production n. 生产；制造△profession n.专业，职业professional n.&a. 职业运动员；职业的professor n. 教授profit n. 利润，利益programme (美program) n. 节目；项目progress n. 进步，上进vi. 进展；进行project n. 工程promise n.& vi. 答应，允诺promote v.促进；提升pronounce vt. 发音pronunciation n. 发音proper a. 恰当的，合适的protect vt. 保护△protection n. 保护proud a. 自豪的；骄傲的prove vt. 证明provide vt. 提供province n. 省pub n. 酒店，酒吧public a. 公共的，公众的n. 公众publish vt. 出版，发行pull v. 拉，拖n. 拉力，引力punish v. 惩罚，处罚pupil n.（小）学生purchase v.购买pure a. 纯的，不掺杂的purple n.&a. 紫色；紫色的purpose n. 目的，意图purse n. 钱包push n.& v. 推put (put，put) vt. 放，摆puzzle n. 难题，（字、画）谜◆Q◆quality n. 质量，性质quantity n. 量，数quarrel vi. 争吵，吵架quarter n. 四分之一，一刻钟queen n. 皇后，女王question vt. 询问n. 问题△questionnaire n. 调查表，问卷quick a. 快；敏捷的；急剧的ad. 快地；敏捷地；急剧地quiet a. 安静的；寂静的quit v. 离开，停止，放弃quite ad. 完全，十分quiz n. 测验，小型考试◆R◆rabbit n. 兔，家兔race n. 种族，民族；赛跑，竞赛v.（速度）竞赛，比赛△radiation n. 放射，放射物radio n. 无线电，收音机railway n. 铁路；铁道rain n. 雨，雨水vi. 下雨△rainbow n. 虹，彩虹raincoat n. 雨衣rainy a. 下雨的；多雨的raise vt. 使升高；饲养△random a.随意,未经事先考虑的17range n.&v. 范围；幅度；延伸△rank n. 职衔，军衔vt. 排列；把…分等vi. 列队；列为rapid a. 快的，迅速的rare a. 罕见的，稀有的rate n.&v. 比率；估价rather ad. 相当，宁可raw a. 生的，未煮过的，未加工的ray n. 光辉，光线reach v. 到达，够到react v. 反应；影响read (read，read) v. 读；朗读ready a. 准备好的real a. 真实的，确实的realise （Am realize) vt. 认识到，实现reality n. 现实really ad. 真正地；到底；确实reason vi. 评理；劝说n. 理由，原因receive v. 收到，得到recent a. 近来的，最近的recite v. 背诵recognise (Am. recognize) vt. 认出recommend v. 推荐record n. 记录；唱片recover vi. 痊愈；恢复recycle vt. 回收；再循环red n. 红色 a. 红色的reduce vt. 减少，缩减refer vi. 谈到，提到，涉及，有关reflect v.反射reform v.&n. 改革的；改革refund n.&. v. 退款，退还refuse vi. 拒绝，不愿regard v. 把……看作regret n.& vt. 可惜，遗憾；痛惜；regular a. 规则的，经常regulation n. 规则，规章reject v. 拒绝relation n. 关系；亲属relationship n. 关系relative n. 亲属，亲戚relax v.（使）放松，轻松reliable a.可靠的relief n.减轻religion n. 宗教religious a. 宗教的rely v. 信赖remain vt. 余下，留下vi. 保持，仍是remember v. 记得，想起remind vt. 提醒，使记起remove vt. 移动，拿走，脱掉rent n.& v. 租金repair n.& vt. 修理；修补repeat vt. 重说，重做replace vt. 取代reply n. 回答，答复report n.& v. 报道，报告reporter n. 记者represent vt. 代表representative n. 代表a.典型的；有代表性的republic n. 共和国request n. 请求，要求的事物require vt. 需求；要求rescue vt. 营救，援救research n. 研究，调查reserve n. & v. 储备；预定respect vt.& n. 尊敬，尊重respond v.回答；作出反应responsibility n. 责任rest n. 休息；剩余的部分，其余的人（物）vi. 休息，歇息restaurant n. 饭馆，饭店result n. 结果，效果retire v. 退休return v. 归还review vt. 重新调查；回顾；复习n. 复查；复习；评论revision n. 复习，温习△revolution n. 革命；旋转；运行；循环reward n. 奖赏rice n. 稻米；米饭rich a. 富裕的，有钱的rid（rid，rid或ridded，ridded）vt. 使摆脱ride (rode，ridden) v. 骑（马、自行车）；乘车n. 乘车旅行△ridiculous a.可笑的；荒诞的right n. 权利a. 对，正确的ad. 正确地，恰恰，完全地a. 右，右边的ring (rang，rung) v.（钟、铃等）响；打电话n. 电话铃声,环形物ripe a. 成熟的，熟的rise (rose，risen) vi. 上升，上涨risk n.&v. 危险；冒着…的危险river n. 江；河；水道；巨流road n. 路，道路roast v. 烤（肉）rob v. 抢夺，抢劫robot n. 机器人rock n. 岩石，大石头△rocket n. 火箭role n. 角色roll v. 滚动，打滚n. 面包圈,小圆面包；卷状物roof n. 屋顶，顶部room n. 房间，室；空间；地方root n. 根，根源，起源rose n. 玫瑰花rough a. 粗糙的，粗略的round ad. 转过来prep. 环绕一周，围着a. 圆的；球形的row n.（一）排，（一）行v. 划船△royal a. 皇家的，王室的，国王的，女王的rubber n. 橡胶；合成橡胶rubbish n. 垃圾；废物rude a. 无理的，粗鲁的ruin vt.（使）毁坏；（使）毁灭n. (复) 废墟；遗迹rule n. 规则,规定vt. 统治;支配ruler n. 统治者；直尺run (ran，run) vi. 跑，奔跑；（颜色）褪色rush vi. 冲，奔跑◆S◆sad a.（使人）悲伤的sadness n. 悲哀；悲痛；凄惨safe a. 安全的n. 保险柜safety n. 安全，保险sail n. 航行v. 航行，开航sailor n. 水手，海员salad n. 色拉（西餐中的一种凉拌菜）salary n. 薪金，薪水sale n. 卖，出售salt n. 盐same n. 同样的事a同样的，同一的sand n. 沙，沙子sandwich n. 三明治（夹心面包片）satellite n. 卫星satisfaction n. 满意satisfy vt. 满足，使满意sausage n. 香肠，腊肠save vt. 救，挽救，节省say (said，said) vt. 说，讲saying n. 说，俗话，谚语scan v. 扫描scare v.&n.受惊；惊恐scene n.（戏剧、电影等的）一场，场景，布景scenery n. 风景schedule n. & v. 时间表；安排scholar n.学者△scholarship n. 奖学金school n. 学校science n. 科学，自然科学scientific a. 科学的scientist n. 科学家scissors n. 剪刀，剪子scold vt. 责骂score n. & v. 得分，分数scream n. 尖叫screen n. 幕，荧光屏sea n. 海，海洋search n. & v. 搜寻，搜查seaside n. 海滨season n. 季；季节seat n. 座位，座secret n. 秘密，内情secretary n. 秘书；书记section n. 段，部分，部门secure a. 安全的see (saw，seen) vt. 看见，看到；领会seed n. 种子seek （sought，sought）vt. 试图；探寻seem v. 似乎，好像seize vt. 抓住(时机等)seldom ad. 很少，不常select vt. 选择，挑选，选拔selfish a.自私的sell (sold，sold) v. 卖，售send (sent，sent) v. 打发，派遣；送，邮寄senior a. 年长的,资深的,高年级的n. 上级，长辈，高年级生sense n. 感觉，意识sensitive a. 敏感的；神经过敏的；易受伤害的sentence n. 句子separate v. 使分开，使分离a. 单独的，分开的series n.系列serious a. 严肃的,严重的；认真的servant n. 仆人，佣人serve vt. 招待（顾客等），服务service n. 服务set n. 装备,设备vt. 设置（背景）set (set，set) vt. 释放，安置settle vi. 安家，定居settlement n. 新拓居地；（美）部落，村落△settler n. 移居者，开拓者several pron.几个,数个 a. 若干severe a.严厉的sew (sewed，sewn 或sewed)vi. 缝，缝制；缝补；缝纫sex n. 性，性别shade n. 阴凉处，树荫处shadow n. 影子，阴影shake (shook，shaken)v.（使）动摇，震动shall (should) v. aux.（表示将来）将要，会；……好吗shallow a. 浅的，不深的，肤浅的shame n. 遗憾的事；羞愧shape n. 形状，外形v. 使成型，制造，塑造share vt. 分享，共同使用sharp a. 锋利的，尖的shave (shaved，shaved 或shaven)v. 刮（脸，胡子）sheep (复sheep) n.（绵）羊；羊皮sheet n. 成幅的薄片，薄板shelf (复shelves) n. 架子；搁板；格层；礁；陆架shelter n. 掩蔽；隐蔽处shine (shone，shone 或-ed，-ed)v. 发光；照耀；杰出；擦亮ship n. 船,轮船vi. 用船装运shirt n. 男衬衫shock vt. 使震惊shoe n. 鞋shoot n. 嫩枝；苗；芽(shot，shot) vt. 射击,射中,发射shop vi. 买东西n. 商店,车间shopping n. 买东西shore n. 滨，岸short a. 短的；矮的shortcoming n. 缺点，短处shot n. 射击，开枪，开炮，射击声；子弹should v. mod. 应当，应该，会v.aux.会,应该(shall的过去时态)shoulder n. 肩膀；（道路的）路肩shout n.& v. 喊，高声呼喊show n. 展示，展览（会）；演出(showed，shown/showed)v. 给…看，出示，显示shower n. 阵雨；淋浴shrink（shrank，shrank；shrunk，shrunk）v.&n. 收缩shut (shut，shut) v. 关上，封闭；禁闭；shy a. 害羞的sick a. 有病的,患病的；（想）呕吐△sickness n. 疾病side n. 边，旁边，面，侧面△sideways ad. 斜向一边的sigh vi. 叹息；叹气sight n. 情景，风景；视力△sightseeing n. 游览，观光sign n. 符号，标记signal n. 信号，暗号19。

完整2019年高考英语考试大纲官方版

高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

英语 2019全国卷高考各科考试大纲

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲、考试说明解读：英语

2019年高考英语写作考试大纲解读(含答案)

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲、考试说明解读：英语

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语

全国卷2019年高考英语考试大纲解读专题01考核目标和要求含解析20190330160

最新2019年高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

2019高考全国卷英语考试大纲word版

2019年天津市高考英语考纲词汇表(官方完整版)

最新高考英语考试大纲官方版

完整2019年高考英语考试大纲官方版

高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

英语 2019全国卷高考各科考试大纲

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲、考试说明解读：英语

2019年高考英语写作考试大纲解读(含答案)

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲、考试说明解读：英语

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲 英语

全国卷2019年高考英语考试大纲解读专题01考核目标和要求含解析20190330160

最新2019年高考英语考试大纲(官方版)

2019高考全国卷英语考试大纲word版

2019年天津市高考英语考纲词汇表(官方完整版)

最新高考英语考试大纲官方版

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语