none的用法
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1. none 与no one / nobody 及nothing
no one / nobody 常用来指人,作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式;nothing 常用来指物,作主语时谓语动词也要用单数形式;none 可指人也可指物,作主语时,如和of 连用指不可数名词时,谓语动词要用单数形式;指可数名词时,谓语动词用单、复数均可。
如:
No one likes a person with bad manners.
Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.
None of them has / have seen me before.
None of this money belongs to me.
注意:
1 )none 可与of 连用表示范围,而no one / nobody 及nothing 不可。
2 )none 可用来回答How many / much…?的特殊疑问句;而no one / nobody 及nothing 则分别用来回答Who…?和What…?的特殊疑问句。
如:
— How many birds are there in the tree?
— None.
— What is in the box?
— Nothing.
— Who is in the classroom?
— No one / Nobody.
3 )none 可用来回答“ any + 名词”构成的一般疑问句:而nobody 和nothing 则分别用来回答由anybody 和anything 构成的一般疑问句。
如:— Is there any bread left?
— No,none at all.
— Is there anything in the sky?
— No,nothing.
4 )none 可用来指代前面提到过的人或物;如无指代时可用no one / nobody 及nothing .如:
We had three cats once — none of them is alive now.
2. none 与not all / all…not
not all / all…not表示三者或三者以上的部分否定;而none 表示三者或三者以上的全部否定。
如:
Not all ads are good. 并非所有的广告都好。
3. none but,nobody but 及nothing but
nobody but 表示单一概念,谓语动词用单数形式;none but 可指人也可指物,通常指前面提到的同一事物,谓语动词要用复数形式;nothing but 泛指but 后事物以外的任何事物。
如:
Nobody but he is often late for school. 除他以外,没有人上学常迟到。
None but fools have even believed it. 除了傻瓜,没有人相信这一点。
There is a variety of fruit,but he chose nothing but an apple.
这儿有很多水果,但他只选了一个苹果。
4. 其他用法
1 )none 可指物质名词或抽象概念,构成短语have none of ,意为“不允许;不接受;拒绝参加”,常和will / would 连用,表示意愿。
如:
I will have none of your stupid ideas!
2 )none other than 意为“就是;恰恰是”。
如:
The new arrival was none other than the President.。