确定风电场群功率汇聚外送输电容量的静态综合优化方法

第31卷第1期中国电机工程学报V ol.31 No.1 Jan.5, 2011

2011年1月5日Proceedings of the CSEE ©2011 Chin.Soc.for Elec.Eng. 15 文章编号：0258-8013 (2011) 01-0015-05 中图分类号：TM 72 文献标志码：A 学科分类号：470⋅40

确定风电场群功率汇聚外送输电容量的

静态综合优化方法

穆钢1，崔杨2，严干贵1

(1．东北电力大学电气工程学院，吉林省吉林市 132012；

2．华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院，河北省保定市071003)

A Static Optimization Method to Determine Integrated Power Transmission Capacity

of Clustering Wind Farms

MU Gang1, CUI Yang2, YAN Gangui1

(1. School of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Dianli University, Jilin 132012, Jilin Province, China;

2. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, Hebei Province, China)

ABSTRACT: As some wind energy enriched regions are away from load centers, especially in the North China, it is necessary to connect clustering wind farms into the main grid with high-voltage transmission lines. So the primary issue is to rationally determine transmission capacity of the transmission line. This paper presented a static optimization method for transmission capacity determination considering the low energy density characteristics of wind generation. In order to maximize the comprehensive benefits of the transmission project, the following factors have been taken into account such as the transmission benefit, transmission constructing costs as well as the congestion loss probably caused by a low transmission capacity. Example shows that the proposed method can achieve optimal transmission project benefit than the traditional one based on the total installed capacity. Meanwhile, the proposed method is an effective tool to determine transmission capacity for incorporating some 10 GW-class wind farms into main grid.

KEY WORDS: clustered wind generation transmission; clustering effect of wind generations; annually duration characteristic of clustering wind generations; transmission capacity; static optimization

基金项目：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2008AA14B01)；国家自然科学基金项目(60934005，50877009)；中国电机工程学会电力青年科技创新项目(QN08-15)。

Key Project of the National Eleventh-Five Year Research Program of China (2008AA14B01); Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (60934005, 50877009); Power Youth Innovation Project of Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering (QN08-15). 摘要：风电大规模集中并网是实现风能大规模开发利用的重要途径。由于风电电源具有输出易变、能量密度低等特点，在进行风电外送配套输电系统的容量规划时，必须考虑风电功率整体波动特性的影响。对多个风电场汇聚成风电场群后的功率波动特性进行量化分析，以风电场群的持续出力曲线描述其变化规律；在此基础上，提出一种风电场群功率汇聚外送输电容量的静态优化方法，该方法综合考虑了诸如电网输电收益、输电工程建设成本以及可能的阻塞造成弃风损失等因素对风电外送输电工程综合收益的影响。算例表明该方法与以风电场群总装机容量来规划外送输电容量的方法相比，能够显著提高输电工程的综合效益。

关键词：风电外送；风电场群汇聚效应；风电持续出力特性；输电容量；静态优化

0 引言

为积极应对传统化石燃料能源枯竭、全球气候变暖等世界性危机，大规模开发非水电可再生能源、减少基于化石燃料的电力生产引起的碳排放已成为全球共识。风力发电由于其技术日臻成熟、能源分布广泛且易于获得，已成为当前最主要的非水电可再生能源发电方式之一。

风力发电联网运行是中国大规模开发利用风能资源的重要途径。中国风能资源丰富，拟建设的大规模(千万kW级)风电基地大多分布在远离负荷中心的东北、西北和华北北部地区，如吉林西部、甘肃酒泉、新疆、内蒙古等。这些地区当地用电负荷小、电网网架薄弱，必须建设配套风电外送输电工程将风电功率通过高电压、远距离输电线路输送