初中名词专项

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man/woman +n.变复数,man/woman与中心词都变复数
man teacher-men teachers woman boss-women bosses
不规则变化
内容
例词
单复数不同行的名词
foot-feet, man-men, tooth-teeth goose-geese, child-children ox-oxen, mouse-mice
___deer_
shelf
horse
family
__story_
二. 用下列单词的适当形式填空
1.Is there anyon the table?(bread)
2.I can see some desks, but I can not see any(shelf)
3.There aren't anyhere. (bus)
A. are photoes B. are photosC. is a photo D. is photo
4.Father went to his doctorabout his heart trouble.
A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices
抽象名词:表示性质,行为,状态,感情等抽象
概念work, happiness, victory, sadness等
专有名词:表示名字(人名,地名,国家,机构) ,语言,日期
(节日,星期,月份)等且第一个字母需要大写。
China , Mary, Monday , Beijing等、
规则变化
规则
例词
一般情况下在词尾直接加“s”
He is a football player.
Everyone elected him monitor.
个体名词:表示人或物的个体boy, box, desk等集体名词:表示由若干个体组成的集合体family, army, people, class, group等普通名词物质名词:表示构成物体的物质和材料wood, meat, cotton, milk, water等
定义:表示人, 事物,地点或抽象概念的词
个体名词
普通名词 集体名词
种类 物质名词
抽象名词
可数名词
不可数名词
专有名词
单数可数名词 名词的数 复数可数名词 名词所有格‘s与of结构
作主语:
作宾语:
用法功能 作表语:
作定语:
作补语:
My mum was born in Canada
He is reading a novel in his study.She is a lovely girl.
功能
a meeting room会议室water pipe水管the railway station火车站
时间
Friday night周五晚上,the dinner party晚宴evening suit晚礼服,afternoon tea下午茶
地点
Beijing University北京大学a table lamp台灯the office party办公室聚会
eg. One person, two people, a people一个民族题组训练,用所给词的适当形式填空
Two(month) ago, three(Negro), who were all
(hero), caught four(thief) because they had stolen some(potato)and some bamboos, from 2
名词专项习题
可数名词的复数变化
fox
_bus
___watch
_leaf___
sheep
百度文库goose
photo
___wolf_
child
___city
_country
__man__
life
foot
tooth
hero___
mango___
mouse__
German__
ox
factory
zoo___
___radio
7.How manyare there in your family ? (people)
8.There are someon the table (tomato)
三.选择题
1.How manyare there in the hospital?
A. women doctorB. women doctors
5.turn green in Spring.
A. Leaf B. LeafsC. Leaves D. Leafes
6.The village is far away from here indeed. It'swalk.
A. a four hour . B. a four hour's C. a four-hours D. a four hours'
book-books, tree-trees
以‘s, x, ch, sh'结尾的名词, 在词尾加“es”
glass-glasses, watch-watches brush-brushes, box-boxes等
以辅音字母加‘y'结尾的名词,把y改i再加‘es'以元音字母加 ‘y'结尾的名词,直接加‘s'
(zoo), where 500(sheep),200(deer),100(ox)
And 1000(goose) were raised.
有些名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词,但是词义不同
身兼两职的名词
不可数用法
可数用法
wood (木头)
woods(树林)
paper (纸)
papers(文件)
room(空间)
是可数名词John loses his job
work是不可数名词, 一般表抽象意义的工作, 指
工作或劳动. I have a lot of work to do.
cloth指布料,绸子做衣服用的原料,是不可数 名词,前面不可以用不定冠词eg. This piece of cloth is very beautiful. clothes指衣服,只有复数形式, 不用a, an数词修 饰,只能说some clothes, these clothes clothing集体名词,服装的总称,没有复数形式eg. Does this shop sell women's clothing ? problem指客观上等待解决的问题,比较棘手eg. Can you work out the maths problem? question指人主观上产生的需要得到解释的问题
以f /fe结尾的名词变复数,一般直接 加's',但有些以f /fe结尾的名词,需把f/fe去掉加ves.如:为了 自己活命 ,小 偷 和他的 妻子 拿着 刀子 和一片 树叶 站 在架子上,把 狼劈成两 半
life-lives, thief-thieves wife-wives, self-selves leaf-leaves, wolf-wolves loaf-loaves, half-halves shelf-shelves, knife-knives
eg. Light goes faster than sound
voice指说话或唱歌的 “嗓音 ”或鸟鸣的声音
family“家庭,家庭成员 ”与居住的房子无关 作家庭讲是单数,作家庭成员讲是复数eg. My family are very well . (复数) house“房屋,住宅 ”对家人所居住的建筑物而言eg. Jim lives a large beautiful house home“家,家乡,故乡 ‘指'人出生或居住的地方 房屋是其中的一部分,具有一定感情色彩eg. He usually gets home at 5:30 p.m. job既指 “职业 ”,也指临时或某项具体的工作
2.There are fourand twoin the group.
A. Chinese , GermenB. Chineses, Germen
C. Chinese , GermansD.Chineses , Germans
3.Thereon the wall. They are very beautiful.
4.There are someof milk in front of the door. (bottle)
5.There are some forks, but there aren't any__on the table(knife)
6.Is there anyin the refrigerator? (coffee)
fish(鱼肉)
fishes(鱼的种类)
定义:表示一种所属和拥有关系
1.大多数用于有生命的名词
Tom's leg , my brother's birthday
2.单数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词通 常在词尾加's The boy's bag
Children's Day
3.以s结尾的复数名词,在其后直接加Teachers'Day the workers'struggle
rooms(房间)
light(光)
lights(灯)
time(时间)
times(次数)
work(工作)
works(工厂)
exercise(锻炼)
exercises(练习题)
glass(玻璃)
glasses(玻璃杯)
chicken(鸡肉)
chickens(小鸡)
orange(橘汁)
oranges(橘子)
4. 表示两人或几人共同拥有,只在最后一个名词后加所有格形式A and B's
Mike and Amy's mother表示两人或几人分别拥有,需在每个名词后加所有格形式A's and B's
Lily's and Lucy's cats
5.名词+'s也用于少数表无生命事物的名词,主要表示时间,距离,国家等the earth's surface, three hours'ride ten minutes'rest, China's policy
hair指头发的总称时为不可数名词
haireg. Go and get your hair cut.
hair作几根头发来讲,其复数形式为hairs
eg. There are hairs on your shirt.
people指人时是person的一种复数形式people people指民族时,其复数形式为peoples
单复数同行的名词
sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, means, specie(s种类)works(工厂) Swiss(瑞士人)
直接+‘s'的表示“某国人”的名词中,常用的有German-Germans
American-Americans, Australian-Australians, Russian-Russians
内容
piano lessons钢琴课,the sports meeting运动会
类别
children education孩子教育,a bus driver公交司机
noise指人们不愿意听到的 “噪声 ”常作不可数名词
eg. Don't make so much noise .
声音sound泛指可以听到的“声音”
story-stories, factory-factories library-libraries, boy-boys toy-toys等
以o结尾的名词, 常在词尾加's',但有些 词后需加'es'如:黑人英雄爱吃芒果土 豆西红柿
Negro-Negroes, hero-heroes potato-potatoes, radio-radios photo-photos, mango-mangoes
表示无生命事物的名词+of介词短语 来表示所有关系
the name of your favourite CD
名词作定语
说明被修饰词的材料,功能,时间,地点,内容,类别等时用名
词而非名词所有格形式
作定语的名词说
明被修饰词的
示例
材料
a diamond necklace钻石项链a stone bridge石桥paper money纸币a bamboo pole竹竿
fish作鱼肉讲时不可数名词eg.I like to eat fish.
fish作鱼的条数,单复数同行即fish.
fisheg. There are two fish in the fish tank.
fish作鱼的种类时,其复数是fishes,
eg. There are two fishes in the fish tank.
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