白斑狗鱼家系亲本遗传结构的微卫星分析_孟玮

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收稿日期:2013-08-15

基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区高技术研究发展项目(201211111).

作者简介:孟玮(1982-),男,工程师,从事渔业种质资源研究.E-mail:m e ng w e i1982@h o t 通信作者:杜劲松(1967-),男,研究员,从事水产动物繁殖和养殖技术研究.E-mail:x j f djs@

文章编号:1005-3832(2014)01-0017-05

Vol.27,No.1Feb.2014

第27卷第1期2014年2月

水产学杂志

CHINESE JOURNAL OF FISHERIES

白斑狗鱼

(Esox lucius )属鲑形目(S almoni f o r m e s ),狗鱼科(Esocida e ),分布于北半球极地附近地区,是湖泊、河流、半咸水中常见的捕食者,具有商业和休闲渔业价值[1]。白斑狗鱼在我国自然分布于额尔齐斯河流域。由于济海引水渠的建成,乌伦古湖和吉力湖也有分布。由于种质退化及各种人为因素对栖息地的破坏,白斑狗鱼产量大幅下降。在波罗的海,过去40年中狗鱼产量下降了90%以上[2]。20世纪30~50年代,哈萨克斯坦白斑狗鱼年产量500~1200t ,波赫坦尔明斯柯水库建成后,水库水位

下降,不利于繁殖,加之不合理的捕捞,白斑狗鱼产

量急剧下降,失去了捕捞意义。在我国,白斑狗鱼曾是185团额尔齐斯河渔场的主要捕捞鱼类,产量占渔获物总量的20%左右,20世纪60年代末产量迅速下降,1999年185团渔场白斑狗鱼产量仅为5t [3]。

白斑狗鱼自然资源日益枯竭,

但其养殖业却逐渐兴盛。目前白斑狗鱼人工繁殖技术已获成功,成为新疆的重要特色养殖鱼类。

选择育种能够使群体内有育种价值的基因频率增加,培育具有优良经济性状的鱼类品种[4]。家系

白斑狗鱼家系亲本遗传结构的微卫星分析

孟玮,杨天燕,海萨,杜劲松

(新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000)

摘要:近年来,新疆土著鱼类白斑狗鱼(Esox lucius )已成为重要的养殖对象。本研究用8对微卫星标记扩增了190~360b p 的2~7条带,分析构建了白斑狗鱼家系亲本的遗传结构。白斑狗鱼雌、雄亲鱼的观测杂合度和预期杂合度分别为0.6438、0.7066和0.6500、0.7076,表明白斑狗鱼亲本杂合度较高。雌、雄亲鱼平均多态信息含量分别为0.6464和0.6486。总体上8个微卫星位点具有较高的多态性,雌雄亲本间遗传距离为0.0426,适于分析白斑狗鱼亲本的遗传结构。F 统计显示,白斑狗鱼近亲交配不严重,适合作为家系选育亲本。关键词:白斑狗鱼;亲本;家系选育;微卫星;遗传结构中图分类号:S 917

文献标志码:A

Genetic Structure Analysis of Northern Pike Esox lucius Broodstock Family by

Microsatellite Markers

MENG Wei,YANG Tian-yan,HAI Sa,DU Jin-song

(Xinjiang Fisheries Research Institute,Urumqi 830000,China

)Abstract:Northern pike Esox lucius as an endemic fish in Xinjiang has been an important candidate for aquaculture in recent years.In this study,eight pairs of microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic structure of broodstock fishes to construct northern pike families.The amplification bands were found to be ranged from 2to 7,and the products were varied from 190bp to 360bp size.The female broodstock had observed heterozygosity of 0.6438,and expected heterozygosity of 0.7066and the male ones showed ob-served heterozygosity of 0.6500,and expected heterozygosity of 0.7076,indicating that northern pike had high heterozygosity.The PIC values were found 0.6464in female parents and 0.6486in male parents.The results showed that there was high polymorphism in 8mi-crosatellites loci on the whole,which was suitable for genetic structure analysis.The genetic distance of 0.0426was observed between female and male broodstocks,and no serious inbreeding was shown by F statistics in the parents which were suitable for family con-struction.

Key words:Esox lucius ;parent fish ;family selection ;microsatellite ;genetic structure

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