汽车座椅骨架的焊接夹具毕业设计说明书

摘要

本文研究的是汽车座椅骨架的焊接夹具设计问题，要求使工件定位迅速，装夹迅速，省力，减轻焊件装配定位和夹紧时的繁重体力劳动。实现机械化，使焊接条件较差的空间位置焊缝变为焊接条件较好的平焊位置，劳动条件的改善，同时也有利于提高焊缝的质量。

本文首先分析了汽车座椅骨架焊装夹具设计的必要性和可行性；然后围绕座椅骨架焊装夹具设计这一核心，通过对汽车焊装生产线、汽车焊装夹具的结构特点进行分析，归纳了焊装夹具的设计步骤和要点；重点对汽车座椅骨架夹具的设计，包括基准面的选择，定位器的设计，夹具体设计，夹紧装置的设计。其中，基准面的选择是根据总成件的大小，确定基板的尺寸，然后从标准件库选出合适的基板；定位器的设计是保证焊件在夹具中获得正确装配位置的零件和部件，应利用先装好的零件作为后装配零件某一基面上的定位支撑点，可以减少定位器的数量，提高装配精度；夹具体的设计是通过控制焊件角变形的夹紧力计算和控制焊件弯曲变形的夹紧力计算来确定的，通过公式计算得出拘束角变形所需的单位长度（焊缝）夹紧力q为31720279N，阻挡弯曲变形所需的夹紧力q为208711N，再根据焊件形状、尺寸来完成夹具体的设计。

夹紧装置的设计是本文设计的重中之重，这次设计的主要核心是通过气缸来改善传统手动夹紧的的繁重体力消耗以提高生产效率。根据要求，设计气缸主要是对工件的夹紧，所以应该选择双作用气缸。本文通过公式的计算确定一种缸径D为50mm，另一种缸径D为75mm。合理的气缸选择，合理的气动原理思路，极大地提高了生产效率和产品质量。

关键词：工装; 夹具；汽动；焊接

Abstract

This thesis is to design welding fixture of automobile seat frame，The positioning of the workpiece clamping quickly, quickly, labor saving, reduces the welding assembly positioning and clamping of the heavy manual labor.In order to ensure the weld size, improve the assembly precision and efficiency, to prevent the deformation of the welding fixture.The realization of mechanization, easy to change rapidly, make the space position of welding conditions into a flat position better welding condition, the improvement of working conditions, but also conducive to improve the quality of the weld.including the overall program, positioning fixture, pneumatic clamping part, finally is the specific folder design. Because the welding fixture, some parts need to be rotated. For welding, when welding two pieces of the best and most powerful position, namely the welding positioner, which can solve this problem, easy welding.

This paper firstly analyzes the automobile seat frame welding fixture design the necessity and feasibility; then on the seat frame welding fixture design as the core, through the analysis of structural characteristics of the production line, the automobile welding jig, sums up the design of welding fixture and the step points; focus on the automobile seat frame of welding process analysis, study on the seat fixture clamping position and correct positioning design; through the process of seat frame analysis, design of the substrate, mounting plate, positioning device, clamping mechanism. paper firstly analyzes the automobile seat frame welding fixture design the necessity and feasibility; then on the seat frame welding fixture design as the core, through the analysis of structural characteristics of the production line, the automobile welding jig, sums up the design of welding fixture and the step points; focus on the automobile seat frame of welding process analysis, study on the seat fixture clamping position and correct positioning design; through the process of seat frame analysis, design of the substrate, mounting plate, positioning device, clamping mechanism. Reasonable selection of the cylinder, the final completion of the structure design of seat frame welding fixture

Key words: Tooling；fixtures；pneumatic；welding