英国文学史及作品选读课件Chapter 5The English Renaissance
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• (2) English Renaissance had two impulses— humanist reverence for the classics and English pride and sense of national identity.
• (3) Humanism emphasized the dignity and potential of the individual and the worth of life in this world.
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3. The flourishing of drama:
• The reason for the flourishing of drama;
• The structure of the Elizabethan theatre;
• “The University Wits”: Robert Greene; Thomas Kyd; Christopher Marlowe. They were the predecessors to Shakespeare:
• In 1588, English navy defeated the Spanish Armada, which accelerated the awakening English people’s national consciousness;
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5
• The enclosure movement: Many peasants were forced to leave the land and settled down in towns. The two opposite classes came into being, the capitalist and the laboring class.
• 1616, died.
2020/8/4
9
4.1 Shakespeare’s Sonnets:
– Sonnet: A fixed form of lyric poetry that consist of fourteen lines, usually written in iambic pentameter. There are two basic types of sonnets, the Italian and the English Sonnet.
• Ca. 1592-98, devotes himself mainly to chronicle histories and comedies;
• Ca. 1601-1609, period of the greatest tragedies and romantic comedies
• Ca. 1610, retires to Stratford;
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2. Renaissance and Humanism:
• (1) Renaissance: a French word, meaning “rebirth”. The art and science of ancient Greece and Rome were being rediscovered after long years of neglect.
•
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• Shakespeare’s sonnets: Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets. The first group was addressed to a Mr. W. H. The second group was addressed to a Dark Lady.
• Christopher Marlowe: The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus
2020/8/4
8
4. William Shakespeare (1564-1616):
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
• Life:
• 1564, Born in Stratford-on-Avon,
• Ca. 1588-1592, in London as actor and playwright;
英国文学史及作品选读课件Chapter 5The English Renaissance
莎 士 比 亚 生 平
Birthplace 出生地
2020/8/4
Shakespeare’s Writing Career
Shakespeare’s Life
1564-1616
莎 士 比 亚 写 作 生 涯 的 四 个 阶 段
The Royal Theatre
皇家剧院
2
The birthplace of Shakespeare at Stratford
2020/8/4
3
Royal Shakespeare Theatre
2020/8/4
4
1. Historical background
• The Elizabeth Age (1558-1603): England enjoyed peaceful development under the rule of Queen Elizabeth I, who maintained a balance of between the Protestants and the Catholics.
• Reformation: It was a return to pure Christianity-cleansing the church of all the corruption. English Reformation was triggered by Henry VIII’s divorce and remarrying.
• Shakespeare’s sequence suggests a story. Certain motifs are evident.
•
2020/8/4
11
• “Sonnet 18”: the immortality of Art; • “Sonnet 29”: eulogy of friendship; • “Sonnet 66”: criticizing social injustice.
• (3) Humanism emphasized the dignity and potential of the individual and the worth of life in this world.
2020/8/4
7
3. The flourishing of drama:
• The reason for the flourishing of drama;
• The structure of the Elizabethan theatre;
• “The University Wits”: Robert Greene; Thomas Kyd; Christopher Marlowe. They were the predecessors to Shakespeare:
• In 1588, English navy defeated the Spanish Armada, which accelerated the awakening English people’s national consciousness;
2020/8/4
5
• The enclosure movement: Many peasants were forced to leave the land and settled down in towns. The two opposite classes came into being, the capitalist and the laboring class.
• 1616, died.
2020/8/4
9
4.1 Shakespeare’s Sonnets:
– Sonnet: A fixed form of lyric poetry that consist of fourteen lines, usually written in iambic pentameter. There are two basic types of sonnets, the Italian and the English Sonnet.
• Ca. 1592-98, devotes himself mainly to chronicle histories and comedies;
• Ca. 1601-1609, period of the greatest tragedies and romantic comedies
• Ca. 1610, retires to Stratford;
2020/8/4
6
2. Renaissance and Humanism:
• (1) Renaissance: a French word, meaning “rebirth”. The art and science of ancient Greece and Rome were being rediscovered after long years of neglect.
•
2020/8/4
10
• Shakespeare’s sonnets: Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets. The first group was addressed to a Mr. W. H. The second group was addressed to a Dark Lady.
• Christopher Marlowe: The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus
2020/8/4
8
4. William Shakespeare (1564-1616):
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
• Life:
• 1564, Born in Stratford-on-Avon,
• Ca. 1588-1592, in London as actor and playwright;
英国文学史及作品选读课件Chapter 5The English Renaissance
莎 士 比 亚 生 平
Birthplace 出生地
2020/8/4
Shakespeare’s Writing Career
Shakespeare’s Life
1564-1616
莎 士 比 亚 写 作 生 涯 的 四 个 阶 段
The Royal Theatre
皇家剧院
2
The birthplace of Shakespeare at Stratford
2020/8/4
3
Royal Shakespeare Theatre
2020/8/4
4
1. Historical background
• The Elizabeth Age (1558-1603): England enjoyed peaceful development under the rule of Queen Elizabeth I, who maintained a balance of between the Protestants and the Catholics.
• Reformation: It was a return to pure Christianity-cleansing the church of all the corruption. English Reformation was triggered by Henry VIII’s divorce and remarrying.
• Shakespeare’s sequence suggests a story. Certain motifs are evident.
•
2020/8/4
11
• “Sonnet 18”: the immortality of Art; • “Sonnet 29”: eulogy of friendship; • “Sonnet 66”: criticizing social injustice.