保持肠道健康 蛋鸡养殖课件
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Binds to bacteria 与菌落群捆绑
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Yeast supplementation and shell weight 补充酵母和蛋壳重量
M保a持inta肠ini道ng健Int康estinal Health
Robert Van Wyhe 罗伯特 范 威赫
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Genetic Excellence®
• Intestine is the main organ in the body
Be specific 具有特效的
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Prebiotics 益生元
Indigestible 难以消化 Can effect microbiota 可以影响微生物群
Food for beneficial bacteria 益生菌群的食物
wheat based diets 向小麦基础日粮中添加木聚糖酶后对产蛋鸡生产性能的影响
a
b
饲 料 转 化 率 （ 饲 料 蛋 ）
/
© Hy-Line International
Mirzaie et al., 2012
Genetic Excellence®
Enzymes 酶
Pros 优点
Improves less than optimal diets
增加共生的细菌群落
Decrease pathogenic bacterial population
减少致病的细菌群落
Decrease affect of pathogenic bacteria
降低致病细菌的影响
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Feed additives 饲料添加剂
Enzymes
酶
Prebiotics
益生元
Probiotics
益生菌
Genetic Excellence®
Feed additives 饲料添加剂
Enzymes 酶
Phytase
植酸酶
β-glucanase, xylanase, cellulase
β葡聚糖酶，木聚糖酶，纤维素酶
Proteases
蛋白酶
在美国，每吨饲料添加25克杆菌肽是最常用和有效的治 疗方法
Other antibiotics including:
其他抗生素包括：
oxytetracycline 氧四环素 chlortetracycline 金霉素 penicillin 青霉素 neomycin 新霉素 tylosin 泰乐菌素 erythromycin 红霉素
Genetic Excellence®
Coccidiosis 球虫病
Modified from © Saxonet 1996 - 2005
Genetic Excellence®
Coccidiosis 球虫病
Modified from © Saxonet 1996 - 2005
Genetic Excellence®
难以测定是否节约成本
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Probiotics 益生菌
Mechanisms – not always proven in vivo
机制 – 在活体内并不经常有效
Effects on host 影响宿主 Effects on other microorganisms 影响其他菌群
Botulism 肉毒中毒
C. botulinum 肉毒梭菌
Focal duodenal necrosis 十二指肠局灶性坏死
?
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Focal Duodenal Necrosis 十二指肠局灶性坏死
Several factors affect absorption
一些影响消化吸收的因素 1. Quantity of nutrient 营养物质的数量 2. Quality of nutrient 营养物质的质量 3. Health of the animal 动物健康状况 4. Microbial population 微生物种群
粘性粪便
Genetic Excellence®
Water quality 饮水质量
Water temperature 水温
Cool water can improve feed intake and production in hot climates
气候炎热时提供冷水可以增加采食量和生产性能
pH pH值 Minerals 矿物元素
Trace 踪迹
Bacteria 细菌
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Signs of good health 身体健康的标志
Good health 身体健康
Poor health 健康状况不良
Increased production 生产性能提升
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Clostridial diseases 梭菌疾病
In the USA, bacitracin (BMD) at 25g per ton of feed is the most common and successful treatment
Genetic Excellence®
Genetic Excellence®
Genetic Excellence®
Feed quality and Fra Baidu bibliotekuantity
饲料质量和数量
Limiting amino acids
限制性氨基酸
Digestibility of nutrients
营养物质的可消化性
Coccidiosis 球虫病
Modified from © Saxonet 1996 - 2005
Genetic Excellence®
Coccidiosis 球虫病
Modified from © Saxonet 1996 - 2005
Genetic Excellence®
© Hy-Line International
Very specific in action 活性非常特殊
Highly variable 变化性非常大 Gram negative ≠ Gram negative 革兰氏阴性 ≠ 革兰氏阴性 Lactobacillus spp. ≠ Lactobacillus spp. 乳酸菌 ≠ 乳酸菌 Lactobacillus reuteri ≠ Lactobacillus reuteri 罗伊氏乳杆菌 ≠罗伊氏乳杆菌 Broiler ≠ Laying hen 肉鸡 ≠ 产蛋鸡
Particle size 颗粒大小
Digesta viscosity
消化物粘性
Course particle preference
颗粒大小偏好
© Hy-Line International
High Non-Starch Polysaccharide diets
高非淀粉多糖饲料
Sticky droppings
Genetic Excellence®
Phytate and Phytase 肌醇六磷酸和植酸酶
PHYTASE P
Starch
PPHYTASE P
P PHYTASE
P P
P = Phosphorus
Genetic Excellence®
Effects of xylanase supplementation on performance of hens fed
Few if any water delivery options
不能添加到饮水使用
Genetic Excellence®
Issues to consider 需要考虑的问题
Heat treatment 热处理 Can’t digest above 100% 消化率不会超过100% Match enzyme to your needs 根据需要选择适用的酶
Potential for improved performance
提高生产性能潜力
Cons 缺点
High fiber diets
高纤维日粮
Can target incorrect bacteria
错误的目标菌落
No water delivery
不能饮水添加
Cost savings hard to measure
Genetic Excellence®
Coccidia treatment 球虫病的治疗
Vaccination 免疫
Immunity at ~16 weeks
16周左右进行免疫
Not passed from parent to offspring
不会垂直传播
Coccidiostats 抗球虫药
Monesin (Coban) 能霉素 Narasin (Maxiban) 甲基盐霉素 Amprolium 安普罗铵
改善质量不理想的饲料
Reduces environmental impact
降低环境的影响
Decreased cost
减少成本
50 kcal/kg Apparent Metabolizable Energy 50千卡/千克表观代谢能 1% protein 1% 蛋白质 0.1% available Phosphorus 0.1%可利用磷
Lack of production 生产性能不好
Good feather cover 羽毛覆盖良好
General signs of disease 表现出疾病的特征
Active and alert 机警并且有活力
Ruffled feathers 杂乱褶皱的羽毛
Liquid feces 拉稀
© Hy-Line International
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Clostridial diseases 梭菌疾病
Necrotic Enteritis 坏死性肠炎
C. perfringens 产气荚膜梭状芽胞杆菌
Gangrenous Dermatitis 坏疽性皮炎
C. septicum,C. sordellii, C. colinum, 败毒梭菌，索氏梭菌，肠道梭菌 C. perfringens 产气夹膜梭状芽胞杆菌
• 肠道是身体内主要的器官
• 80% of the immune system
• 80%的免疫系统
• Heavily influenced by diet and management
• 受日粮和饲养管理的影响非常大
Genetic Excellence®
Intestine 肠道
Fat 脂肪 Protein蛋白质 Carbohydrates碳水化合物
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Prebiotics 益生元
Pros 优点
Improve bacteria in the gut
改善肠道菌群
Protection from disease
增强疾病抵抗力
Mineral absorption?
矿物元素吸收？
wheat based diets 向小麦基础日粮中添加木聚糖酶后对产蛋鸡生产性能的影响
a
b
饲 养 日 产 蛋 率
%
© Hy-Line International
Mirzaie et al., 2012
Genetic Excellence®
Effects of xylanase supplementation on performance of hens fed
© Hy-Line International
Cons 缺点
Optimal supplementation levels?
最佳的添加水平？
Diminished returns when using multiple enzymes
多种酶混合使用时效果降低
Not disease treatment
对疾病无治疗效果
Genetic Excellence®
Feed additives 饲料添加剂
All feed additives have similar goals
所有饲料添加剂都有相似的目标
Increase nutritive value of feedstuffs
增加饲料营养价值
Increase commensal bacterial population
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Yeast supplementation and shell weight 补充酵母和蛋壳重量
M保a持inta肠ini道ng健Int康estinal Health
Robert Van Wyhe 罗伯特 范 威赫
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Genetic Excellence®
• Intestine is the main organ in the body
Be specific 具有特效的
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Prebiotics 益生元
Indigestible 难以消化 Can effect microbiota 可以影响微生物群
Food for beneficial bacteria 益生菌群的食物
wheat based diets 向小麦基础日粮中添加木聚糖酶后对产蛋鸡生产性能的影响
a
b
饲 料 转 化 率 （ 饲 料 蛋 ）
/
© Hy-Line International
Mirzaie et al., 2012
Genetic Excellence®
Enzymes 酶
Pros 优点
Improves less than optimal diets
增加共生的细菌群落
Decrease pathogenic bacterial population
减少致病的细菌群落
Decrease affect of pathogenic bacteria
降低致病细菌的影响
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Feed additives 饲料添加剂
Enzymes
酶
Prebiotics
益生元
Probiotics
益生菌
Genetic Excellence®
Feed additives 饲料添加剂
Enzymes 酶
Phytase
植酸酶
β-glucanase, xylanase, cellulase
β葡聚糖酶，木聚糖酶，纤维素酶
Proteases
蛋白酶
在美国，每吨饲料添加25克杆菌肽是最常用和有效的治 疗方法
Other antibiotics including:
其他抗生素包括：
oxytetracycline 氧四环素 chlortetracycline 金霉素 penicillin 青霉素 neomycin 新霉素 tylosin 泰乐菌素 erythromycin 红霉素
Genetic Excellence®
Coccidiosis 球虫病
Modified from © Saxonet 1996 - 2005
Genetic Excellence®
Coccidiosis 球虫病
Modified from © Saxonet 1996 - 2005
Genetic Excellence®
难以测定是否节约成本
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Probiotics 益生菌
Mechanisms – not always proven in vivo
机制 – 在活体内并不经常有效
Effects on host 影响宿主 Effects on other microorganisms 影响其他菌群
Botulism 肉毒中毒
C. botulinum 肉毒梭菌
Focal duodenal necrosis 十二指肠局灶性坏死
?
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Focal Duodenal Necrosis 十二指肠局灶性坏死
Several factors affect absorption
一些影响消化吸收的因素 1. Quantity of nutrient 营养物质的数量 2. Quality of nutrient 营养物质的质量 3. Health of the animal 动物健康状况 4. Microbial population 微生物种群
粘性粪便
Genetic Excellence®
Water quality 饮水质量
Water temperature 水温
Cool water can improve feed intake and production in hot climates
气候炎热时提供冷水可以增加采食量和生产性能
pH pH值 Minerals 矿物元素
Trace 踪迹
Bacteria 细菌
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Signs of good health 身体健康的标志
Good health 身体健康
Poor health 健康状况不良
Increased production 生产性能提升
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Clostridial diseases 梭菌疾病
In the USA, bacitracin (BMD) at 25g per ton of feed is the most common and successful treatment
Genetic Excellence®
Genetic Excellence®
Genetic Excellence®
Feed quality and Fra Baidu bibliotekuantity
饲料质量和数量
Limiting amino acids
限制性氨基酸
Digestibility of nutrients
营养物质的可消化性
Coccidiosis 球虫病
Modified from © Saxonet 1996 - 2005
Genetic Excellence®
Coccidiosis 球虫病
Modified from © Saxonet 1996 - 2005
Genetic Excellence®
© Hy-Line International
Very specific in action 活性非常特殊
Highly variable 变化性非常大 Gram negative ≠ Gram negative 革兰氏阴性 ≠ 革兰氏阴性 Lactobacillus spp. ≠ Lactobacillus spp. 乳酸菌 ≠ 乳酸菌 Lactobacillus reuteri ≠ Lactobacillus reuteri 罗伊氏乳杆菌 ≠罗伊氏乳杆菌 Broiler ≠ Laying hen 肉鸡 ≠ 产蛋鸡
Particle size 颗粒大小
Digesta viscosity
消化物粘性
Course particle preference
颗粒大小偏好
© Hy-Line International
High Non-Starch Polysaccharide diets
高非淀粉多糖饲料
Sticky droppings
Genetic Excellence®
Phytate and Phytase 肌醇六磷酸和植酸酶
PHYTASE P
Starch
PPHYTASE P
P PHYTASE
P P
P = Phosphorus
Genetic Excellence®
Effects of xylanase supplementation on performance of hens fed
Few if any water delivery options
不能添加到饮水使用
Genetic Excellence®
Issues to consider 需要考虑的问题
Heat treatment 热处理 Can’t digest above 100% 消化率不会超过100% Match enzyme to your needs 根据需要选择适用的酶
Potential for improved performance
提高生产性能潜力
Cons 缺点
High fiber diets
高纤维日粮
Can target incorrect bacteria
错误的目标菌落
No water delivery
不能饮水添加
Cost savings hard to measure
Genetic Excellence®
Coccidia treatment 球虫病的治疗
Vaccination 免疫
Immunity at ~16 weeks
16周左右进行免疫
Not passed from parent to offspring
不会垂直传播
Coccidiostats 抗球虫药
Monesin (Coban) 能霉素 Narasin (Maxiban) 甲基盐霉素 Amprolium 安普罗铵
改善质量不理想的饲料
Reduces environmental impact
降低环境的影响
Decreased cost
减少成本
50 kcal/kg Apparent Metabolizable Energy 50千卡/千克表观代谢能 1% protein 1% 蛋白质 0.1% available Phosphorus 0.1%可利用磷
Lack of production 生产性能不好
Good feather cover 羽毛覆盖良好
General signs of disease 表现出疾病的特征
Active and alert 机警并且有活力
Ruffled feathers 杂乱褶皱的羽毛
Liquid feces 拉稀
© Hy-Line International
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Clostridial diseases 梭菌疾病
Necrotic Enteritis 坏死性肠炎
C. perfringens 产气荚膜梭状芽胞杆菌
Gangrenous Dermatitis 坏疽性皮炎
C. septicum,C. sordellii, C. colinum, 败毒梭菌，索氏梭菌，肠道梭菌 C. perfringens 产气夹膜梭状芽胞杆菌
• 肠道是身体内主要的器官
• 80% of the immune system
• 80%的免疫系统
• Heavily influenced by diet and management
• 受日粮和饲养管理的影响非常大
Genetic Excellence®
Intestine 肠道
Fat 脂肪 Protein蛋白质 Carbohydrates碳水化合物
© Hy-Line International
Genetic Excellence®
Prebiotics 益生元
Pros 优点
Improve bacteria in the gut
改善肠道菌群
Protection from disease
增强疾病抵抗力
Mineral absorption?
矿物元素吸收？
wheat based diets 向小麦基础日粮中添加木聚糖酶后对产蛋鸡生产性能的影响
a
b
饲 养 日 产 蛋 率
%
© Hy-Line International
Mirzaie et al., 2012
Genetic Excellence®
Effects of xylanase supplementation on performance of hens fed
© Hy-Line International
Cons 缺点
Optimal supplementation levels?
最佳的添加水平？
Diminished returns when using multiple enzymes
多种酶混合使用时效果降低
Not disease treatment
对疾病无治疗效果
Genetic Excellence®
Feed additives 饲料添加剂
All feed additives have similar goals
所有饲料添加剂都有相似的目标
Increase nutritive value of feedstuffs
增加饲料营养价值
Increase commensal bacterial population