2020年中考英语听力技巧
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2020 年中考英语听力技巧
一、考点分析
【考情分析】听力技能是中考必考题型,以问答对话,句子朗读或短文朗读等形式呈现,主要既考查同学们听的能力,又考查同学们阅读、理解、逻辑思维和心理承受力。
【做题技巧】
一、听力技巧之——听辨单词类的答题技巧
此类题的出题形式多是听句子,从所给选项中选出所听句子里含有的那个单词。
此类题的答题技巧是这样的:
1.先浏览一遍题干,注意比较它们在发音上的不同之处,这样在听的时候就可以有意识地注意这个不同之处,从而迅速作答。
2.由于所给选项是四个读音相似、极易混淆的单词,而录音中播放的是一个句子,所以我们要尽量从整体上理解句子,不要只顾逐个听单词,要在语境中确定选项。
3.平时要注意那些容易混淆的音素和那些读音十分相近的单词。
如
thirteen/thirty;close/clothes;present/parent;horse/house;knows/news;bread/break/brea 等th。
4.注意区别句子中的同音词。
如whether/weather;four/for;two/too/to;where/wear 等。
二、听力技巧之——听句子选择恰当答语类的答题技巧
听句子选择恰当答语是常考题型之一,该题型主要考查学生的情景反应能力,要做这类题我们要做好以下三点:
1.听前认真浏览选项,掌握其意思。
2.听时要注意听清句子的意思。
同时注意对话出现的场景,从语调、疑问词中判断句的类型以此确定回答的内容,回答内容要与问句人称、时态等保持一致。
3.平时我们还应熟练掌握日常交际用语。
听时要正确判断出句子的语言交际功能,正确
理解说话人意图的基础上作出正确选择。
三、听力技巧之——图文搭配类听力的解题技巧
这类题主要是要求学生能把正确的图画语言与所听到的内容联系起来。
它具有生动简明的特点。
做好这类试题的关键是“听音”、“明意”。
一是要能听懂句意,而听懂句意的前提是能抓住句中的“关键词”,二是要具备“读图、识图”的能力。
清楚图画中的人物、动作、形态等。
四、听力技巧之——对话理解的答题技巧
由于对话是一个相互联系的整体,听前我们要浏览选项,了解一定的信息,并预测话题及内容。
在听的时候我们要注意对话中的人物(包括男女),时间(如果有的话),地点(尤其是多个易混的地点及相应的信息),语音语调,上下文之间的联系等,同时还要排除干扰,适当地作一些记录,以增强记忆。
弄清对话原大意,看清问题,即可选出正确答案。
五、听力技巧之——短文理解类解题技巧
短文理解是听力测试中综合性较强,难度较大的题型,短文主要为记叙文。
但短文与单句和对话不同,有一定完整的思想内容,涉及到的词汇量较大,涉及的知识面也广。
它的出题形式为: 1.听短文,判断正误。
2.听短文,根据所给的问题选择正确答案。
3.根据短文内容回答问题。
4.根据短文内容完成句子。
做这类题目应注意的问题:
1.抓紧听前几分钟的准备时间,先阅读本题的题干和有关选项,有些选项根据上下文逻辑关系和语法结构就可以选出,到该题录音播放时,核对一下即可。
2.听短文时,注意听第一句,因为它可能是短文主题句。
一般情况下,听完前三句就能确定短文属于哪一类,注意其中的时间、地点和人物,有利于对全文的理解。
3.听第二遍时,注意及时核对尚未完全听清的选项,感到有把握的答案暂放一边。
4.平时注重听力训练和阅读训练相配合。
二、中考题型预测
一)对话预测:在听对话,尤其是Short Conversation时,注意混淆信息。
(1)What time is it now?
(2)What is the woman 's opinion about the course?
(3)What does the woman think of the weather?
二).语篇预测:在Longer Conversation的听力过程中,按下列问题展开预测:
(1)What is the topic of the passage?
(2)Who is the speaker?
(3)What facts did the speaker offer?
(4)What facts did the speaker fail to offer?
三).依靠开篇句预测: 英语听力的第一句话通常会透露整篇的主题,所以要善于抓住听力
材料的首句信息。
例如:Americans have a popular saying “ Time is m。
o”ney 从这一句开篇句我们可以预测的信息范围:(1)这是一篇关于时间的话题。
(2)涉及的对象是美国人。
【试一试】
例如:Look at this picture. It is the London Tea Trade Centre. As you can see, it is on the north bank of the River Thames.
从这几句开篇句我们可以预测的信息范围: ______
【特别提示】识别关键词的技巧
1)透露说话人身份的关键词
如果可以通过关键词很快判断对话者的关系和身份,将有助于有目的地集中注意力,并在脑海中搜索相关背景知识,进一步加深对听力材料的理解。
例如:I just can ' t believe you are a police o,ffKicaeyr. I remember in high school, you always wanted to be a lawyer.
如果意识到该对话中的关键词为in high school ,那么他马上可以意识到这是两个老同学之间的对话。
又例如:Good morning, ladies and gentlemen . Welcome to Universal Studio. I ' ldik e to guide you all the way in the amazing park and share the wonderful moments with you.
这段话的关键词是guide, park,从中可以推断说话人是导游。
2)透露地点/场合的关键词
如果善于捕捉听力材料中的关于地点或场合(即语言环境)的关键词,也有助于他们判断
听力材料的主题、说话人之间关系等等。
如果对话中出现special price,那么对话很可能发生在商店;treatment,headache, take a temperature等词可以透露出医患关系。
3)捕捉数字
许多听力材料中涉及数字,例如年代、日期、价格、数量等等,并且会以基数词、序数词、分数、小数、百分比等形式出现,这就要求辨别各种形式的数字,还要熟悉数字之间的关系。
【例如】减价:20% off(八折),special offer,special price,25% discount(7.5折),on sales
原价:regular price,normal price, original price
增长:10% increase in,1/3 climb in
下降: 23% fall in ,5.5% decrease in
【特别提示】速记技巧:培养一定的速记技巧,有助于保持部分听力内容,帮助记忆。
1)运用速记符号例如: ↑up, ↓down, ← left, →right,=equal
2)发明并运用字母的缩写形式: 可以在平时训练时,本着便于记忆、助力、容易联想的原则,发明一些只需自己明白的字母搭配来表示相应的信息。
例如: Ex——expensive, lg ——large, eq——earthquake, ys——yesterday 通过运用这些字母和符号,帮助储存信息,帮助回忆。
三、听力核心句型 50 例
1.welcome to sp 欢迎到某地
Eg. Welcome to China.
2.What ' s the matter with sb./ sth? 出什么毛病了?
Eg. What 's the matter with your watch?
3.be different from 与---不同
Eg. The weather in Beijing is different from that of Nanjing.
4.be the same as 与⋯⋯相同
Eg. His trousers are the same as mine.
5. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好
Eg. Mr. Wang is very friendly to
us.
6. want to do sth. 想做某事
Eg. I want to go to school.
7. want sb. to do sth.
想让某人做某事
Eg. I want my son to go to school.
8. what to do 做什么
Eg. My father made a kite for me. 15. What ⋯mean by ?⋯
Eg. What do you mean by doing that? 16. like doing sth.
喜爱做某事
Eg. Jim likes swimming. 17. like to do sth.
喜爱做某事
Eg. He doesn 't like to swim now. 18. feel like doing sth. 想做某事
Eg. I feel like eating bananas.
Eg. We don 't know what to do next.
9. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
Eg. Let him enter the room. 10. let sb. not do sth. 让某人不做某人
Eg. Let him not stand in the rain. 11. why don '
t you do sth? 怎么不做某事呢?
Eg. Why don '
t you play football with us?
12. why not do sth.? Eg. Why not play football with us? 13. make sb. sth. Eg. My father made me a kite. 14. make sth for sb.
怎么不做某事
呢?
为某人制造某物
为某人制造某物
做⋯⋯是什么意思?
would like to do sth. 愿意做某事
Eg. Would you like to go rowing with me? would like sb. to do sth.
愿意某人做某事
Eg. I ' d like you to stay with me tonight. make sb. do sth.
逼使某人做某事
Eg. His brother often makes him stay in the sun. let sb. do sth.
让某人做某事
Eg. Let me sing a song for you. have sb. do sth.
使某人做某事
Eg. You shouldn ' t have the students work so hard. be far from sp
离某地远
Eg. His school is far from his home. be near to sp
离某地近
Eg. The hospital is near to the post office. be good at sth./doing sth.
擅长某事 /做某事
Eg. We are good at English. / They are good at boating. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花多少时间做某事
Eg. It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes. sb. spends some time/money ( in ) doing sth. 某人
花多少时间做某事 Eg. I spent twenty years in writing the novel.
19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.
某事花了某人多少时间/金钱sb. spends some time/money on sth.
Eg. What do you learn English for?
How/ what about doing sth.? Eg. How about going fishing?
S +be+ the+最高级 +of/in 短语 = Eg. Lucy is the tallest in her class. S + be +比较级 +than any other + n.
Eg. Lucy is taller than any other student in her class.
Eg. Jim spent 1000 yuan on the bike.
sth. costs sb. some money. Eg. The bike cost Jim 1000 yuan. sb. pays some money for sth. Eg. Jim paid 1000 yuan for the bike. begin/start with sth. Eg. The started the meeting with a song.
be going to do sth. Eg. We are going to study in Japan. call A B Eg. They called the village Gumtree. thank sb. for sth./doing sth. Eg. Thank you for your help.
/ What for ? 某物花了某人多少
钱
某人为某物付了多少钱
开始做某事
打算做某事
感谢某人做某事
Thank you for helping me.
为什
么 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36.
37.
38.
39.
做某事怎么样?
40.have to do sth. 不得不做某事
Eg. I have to go home now.
41.had better do sth. 最好做某事
Eg. You'd better study hard at English.
42.had better not do sth. 最好别做某事
Eg. You'd better not stay up.
43.help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
Eg. Lucy often helps Lily to wash her clothes.
44.help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事
Eg. He usually helps me learn English.
45.help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
Eg. I sometimes help my mother with the housework.
46.make it +时间把时间定在几点
Eg. Let 's make it 8:30.
47.take sb. to sp 带某人到某地
Eg. Mr. Wang will take us to the Summer Palace next Sunday.
49. have nothing to do (with sb)与某人没有关系
Eg. That has nothing to do with me.
50. 主语+ don't think +从句认为⋯⋯不⋯⋯
Eg. I don 't think it will rain tomorrow.。