曼昆 宏观经济学 第七版 讲义(1)
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
How does it affect workers, consumers,
businesses, and taxpayers?
CHAPTER 1 The Science of Macroeconomics
2
Important issues in macroeconomics
Macroeconomics, the study of the economy as a whole, addresses many topical issues,
▪e.Wgh.y: does the cost of living keep rising?
▪ Why are so many countries poor? What
policies might help them grow out of poverty?
▪ What is the trade deficit? How does it
1976
7.7%
5.8%
Carter (D)
1980
7.1%
13.5%
Reagan (R)
1984
7.5%
4.3%
Reagan (R)
1988
5.5%
4.1%
Bush I (R)
1992
7.5%
3.0%
Clinton (D)
1996
5.4%
3.3%
Clinton (D)
2000
4.0%
3.4%
Bush II (R)
2010 UPDATE
In this chapter, you will learn:
▪ about the issues macroeconomists study ▪ the tools macroeconomists use ▪ some important concepts in macroeconomic
to the economy.
For example…
Unemployment (left scale)
Why learn macroeconomics?
2. The macroeconomy affects your well-being.
change from 12 mos earlier percent change from 12 mos earlier
Why learn macroeconomics?
1. The macroeconomy affects society’s well-
being.
U.S. Unemployment and
Social pPrroobpleertmysCrlimikeeRates
homelessness, domePsrtoipcertvyicorlimeensce, crime, and poverty a(rrigehtlsicnaklee)d
Great Depression
World War II
Second oil price shock
U.S. Inflation Rate
(% per year)
U.S. Unemployment Rate
(% of labor force)
percent of labor force
crimes per 100,000 population
2004
5.5%
3.3%
Bush II (R)
2008
7.2%
3.8%
Obama (D)பைடு நூலகம்
Economic models
…are simplified versions of a more complex reality
▪ irrelevant details are stripped away
…are used to
affect the country’s well-being?
CHAPTER 1 The Science of Macroeconomics
3
U.S. Real GDP per capita
(2000 dollars)
9/11/2001
First oil
long-run upwarpdrice shock trend…
5
In most years, wage growth 5
falls when unemployment is
4
rising.
3
3
1 2
1
-1
0 -3
-1 -5
-2
-3
-7
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
unemployment rate inflation-adjusted mean wage (right scale)
SEVENTH EDITION
MACROECONOMICS
N. Gregory Mankiw
PowerPoint® Slides by Ron Cronovich
1 C H A P T E R
The Science of Macroeconomics
© 2011 Worth Publishers, all rights reserved
“government stimulus” and why might it help?
▪ How can problems in the housing market
spread to the rest of the economy?
▪ What is the government budget deficit?
▪ show relationships between variables ▪ explain the economy’s behavior ▪ devise policies to improve economic
analysis
Important issues in macroeconomics
Macroeconomics, the study of the economy as a whole, addresses many topical issues,
▪e.Wgh.a:t causes recessions? What is
Why learn macroeconomics?
3. The macroeconomy affects election outcomes.
Unemployment & inflation in election years
year U rate inflation rate elec. outcome
businesses, and taxpayers?
CHAPTER 1 The Science of Macroeconomics
2
Important issues in macroeconomics
Macroeconomics, the study of the economy as a whole, addresses many topical issues,
▪e.Wgh.y: does the cost of living keep rising?
▪ Why are so many countries poor? What
policies might help them grow out of poverty?
▪ What is the trade deficit? How does it
1976
7.7%
5.8%
Carter (D)
1980
7.1%
13.5%
Reagan (R)
1984
7.5%
4.3%
Reagan (R)
1988
5.5%
4.1%
Bush I (R)
1992
7.5%
3.0%
Clinton (D)
1996
5.4%
3.3%
Clinton (D)
2000
4.0%
3.4%
Bush II (R)
2010 UPDATE
In this chapter, you will learn:
▪ about the issues macroeconomists study ▪ the tools macroeconomists use ▪ some important concepts in macroeconomic
to the economy.
For example…
Unemployment (left scale)
Why learn macroeconomics?
2. The macroeconomy affects your well-being.
change from 12 mos earlier percent change from 12 mos earlier
Why learn macroeconomics?
1. The macroeconomy affects society’s well-
being.
U.S. Unemployment and
Social pPrroobpleertmysCrlimikeeRates
homelessness, domePsrtoipcertvyicorlimeensce, crime, and poverty a(rrigehtlsicnaklee)d
Great Depression
World War II
Second oil price shock
U.S. Inflation Rate
(% per year)
U.S. Unemployment Rate
(% of labor force)
percent of labor force
crimes per 100,000 population
2004
5.5%
3.3%
Bush II (R)
2008
7.2%
3.8%
Obama (D)பைடு நூலகம்
Economic models
…are simplified versions of a more complex reality
▪ irrelevant details are stripped away
…are used to
affect the country’s well-being?
CHAPTER 1 The Science of Macroeconomics
3
U.S. Real GDP per capita
(2000 dollars)
9/11/2001
First oil
long-run upwarpdrice shock trend…
5
In most years, wage growth 5
falls when unemployment is
4
rising.
3
3
1 2
1
-1
0 -3
-1 -5
-2
-3
-7
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
unemployment rate inflation-adjusted mean wage (right scale)
SEVENTH EDITION
MACROECONOMICS
N. Gregory Mankiw
PowerPoint® Slides by Ron Cronovich
1 C H A P T E R
The Science of Macroeconomics
© 2011 Worth Publishers, all rights reserved
“government stimulus” and why might it help?
▪ How can problems in the housing market
spread to the rest of the economy?
▪ What is the government budget deficit?
▪ show relationships between variables ▪ explain the economy’s behavior ▪ devise policies to improve economic
analysis
Important issues in macroeconomics
Macroeconomics, the study of the economy as a whole, addresses many topical issues,
▪e.Wgh.a:t causes recessions? What is
Why learn macroeconomics?
3. The macroeconomy affects election outcomes.
Unemployment & inflation in election years
year U rate inflation rate elec. outcome