初中英语-比较级

一、形容词比较级的用法

形容词比较级通常可分为原级、比较级、最高级三种基本形式，具体而言，它们分别以下列形式出现在句中：

它们分别以下列形式出现在句中：

(1)as+原级+as

(2)比较级+than

(3)the+最高级+of (in)．．．

需注意的原级的用法：

(1)否定结构有A．．。not as+形容词原级+as B及A．．．not so +形容词原级+as B两种结构。

(2)表示倍数有．．．times as+形容词原级+as的句型。如：

This garden is ten times as large as that one．

This room is twice as large as that one．

(3)half as+形容词原级+as表示“……的一半”。

如：This book is half as thick as that one．

(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

如: He becomes fatter and fatter．

(5)"The+比较级…，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”。

如：The busier he is，the happier he feels．他越忙就越高兴。

二、最高级的用法：

常见结构有：“of+复数意义的词”表示“在……之中的”，“在……中”；“in+范围、场所”表示“在……之中”。如：

He is the tallest“all the boys”．

China is the greatest in the world．

三、比较级容易出现的问题

（一）比较对象不明

使用比较级时,前后两个比较项要保持一致：

若前一个比较项是不可数名词,则后一个比较项可为替代词that。

若前一个比较项是可数名词,则后一个比较项可为替代词one, ones 或those。

此时,这些替代词是绝不可少的。

例如:

The books on this shelf are more interesting than the ones on that shelf.

这个书架上的书比那个书架上的书有趣。

These soldiers on top of the mountain can see further than those in the wood.

山顶上这些士兵能比树林中的那些士兵看得远?

另外还要注意,前后比较对象不能处于同一范围内。例如:

Li Ming is cleverer than any other student in his class. 李明在他班里比任何学生都聪明。

句中的other 不可少,因为any student 也包括李明在内?依照常理,在同一时期或同一个方面,人或物自身不能与自身相比较。

在any 之后加上other,就是要从any student 中排除李明本人。如果二者不是在同一范围内,后一个比较对象就可为“any + 单数名词”。例如:

Shanghai is larger than any city in Africa.

上海比非洲任何一个城市都大。

（二）误用修饰语

如果句意上需要,比较级前面可以有much, no, rather, far, a little, a lot, even, still等修饰语?例如:

Be united as one, and you’ll win still greater victory.

团结起来,争取更大的胜利?

Canada is much larger than Mexico.

加拿大的面积比墨西哥大得多?

（三）词序有误

在安排比较结构中的词序时,有些学生只考虑中文意思,却忽略了英语的习惯表达方式?例如:

1. 他比我高一头?

误:He is taller a head than I.

正:He is a head taller than I.

2. 这个房间是那个房间的两倍大?

误：his room is as twice large as that one.

正：his room is twice as large as that one.

3. 汤姆似乎不像吉姆那样是个好孩子?

误Tom doesn’t seem to be as a good boy as Jim.

正Tom doesn’t seem to be as good a boy as Jim.

4. 她工作越努力,取得的进步就越大?

误he harder she worked, the more she made progress. 正:The harder she worked, the more progress she made.

（四）随意省略the

形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the,而形容词的比较级前边通常不加定冠词the?如果两者进行比较,形容词比较级后面没有than,而用of 短语来明确说出两个比较的对象时,形容词比较级前面必须加定冠词the?例如:

莉莉是双胞胎中较高的那个。

误: Lily is taller of the twins.

正: Lily is the taller of the twins.

1. 表示两者之中“较...”，用the+比较级+of the two。

I'll give you the bigger of the two steaks; I'm not very hungry.

我要把这块比较大的牛排给你，我不怎么饿。

2. 定冠词或指示形容词+比较级+名词表示比较。

The taller man is the boss of the restaurant and the shorter one is his brother.

那个身材较高的男人是餐馆老板。较矮的那位是他弟弟。

3. 有少数以-ior结尾的属于拉丁语的形容词，如inferior(次于), junior(年幼的;下级的), posterior(之后), prior(之前), senior(年长的,上级的), superior(优于)等本身就有比较的意思，后面不接than，常与介系词to连用，后面用宾格。

I am two years junior to you.

我比你小两岁。

该句相当于?

I am two years your junior.

I am your junior by two years.

I am two years younger than you (are).

类似结构还有?

be senior to(年长于)+宾格?be older than+主格

be superior to(优于)+宾格?be better than+主格

be inferior to(劣于)+宾格?be worse than+主格

一、选择正确的答案

1. This box is___ that one.

A. heavy than

B. so heavy than

C. heavier as

D. as heavy as

2. When we speak to people, we should be ' .

A. as polite as possible

B. as polite as possibly

C. as politely as possible

D. as politely as possibly

3. This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.

A. as difficult as; expensive

B. as more difficult as; more expensive

C. as difficult as; more expensive

D. more difficult as; as expensive

4. I think the story is not so ___ as that one.

A. interesting

B. interested

C. more interesting

D. most interesting

5. His father began to work____ he was seven years old.

A. as old as

B. as early as

C. since

D. while

6. I think science is _ than Japanese.