(新)高考英语一轮复习短文语法填空选编三含解析1

广东陆丰县2017高考英语一轮短文语法填空选编（三）(2016·四川绵阳市高三二诊考试)Many teachers believe that hands－on experience is the __1__(good) way to learn. A group of students in the United States are putting that belief to the test. They __2__ (success) designed and built a robot for discovering unexplored mines __3__ the bottom of the sea. Students made the robot __4__(answer) a challenge from the U．S. Department of Defense.

The students recently tested the underwater vehicle __5__(call) PerseusⅡ in a 95－meter－long tank of water at the Stevens Institute of Technology.

The robot costs about $15，000 to build. The students use a video game control to direct __6__(it) movements in the tank. What’s more，devices known as Japters __7__ (able) the robot to go up，down and toward its target in the water. Video cameras on the robot send images back to a computer through a 13－meter－long cable. Perseus Ⅱ also has __8__ set of lasers (激光)，which are used to measure the size of an object.

The robot is the creation of five undergraduate students. For over six months，they worked up __9__ 20 hours a week to design and build Perseus Ⅱ.

DeLorme supervised the project from __10__(begin) to end. He says the specialized requirements of robots were demanding.

【语篇导读】本文通过事实证明：亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法。

1．best [考查形容词最高级。此处表示“亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法”，故用best。] 2．successfully [考查副词。副词修饰动词designed和built作状语，故用successfully。] 3．at [考查介词。at the bottom of表示“在……的底部”，故用at。]

4．to answer [考查动词不定式。在这里to answer是动词不定式作目的状语，表示“制造这个机器人是为了回应美国国防部的一项挑战”。]

5．called [考查过去分词。此处应用过去分词作后置定语，表示“被叫作”，故用called。] 6．its [考查代词。由后面的movements可知，应用形容词性物主代词作定语。] 7．enable [考查动词和时态。分析句子结构可知，主语是devices，谓语是设空处，故应用动词enable，表示“使发生”。且此处是一般性的描述，故应用一般现在时。]

8．a [考查冠词。a set of表示“一系列”，故用a。]

9．to [考查固定短语。up to表示“达到”，故用to。]

10．beginning [考查固定短语。from beginning to end表示“从头到尾”。]

(2016·安徽省安庆市高三下学期第二次模拟考试)Everyone needs to know how to prevent a fire.It is also important to know what to do when it __1__(break)out.

Every year，over 11，000 people __2__(kill)or injured in house fires.These fires could have been avoided.Smokers who are __3__(care)cause about 200 deaths and over 6，000 fires.More than of those __4__ die in fires are poisoned or harmed by smoke.

If fire happens，do not attempt to fight the fire unless it is small.Try putting out a small fire with water.If __5__ fire has spread or if the flames are more than 20 inches high，shut the door on it.Warn everyone else in the building and tell them to get out.You should leave and dial 911 for the fire department.

Before __6__(go)into a room，check the door.If the handle or the door is hot，do not open it! Instead，put clothing or a wet towel at the bottom of it to keep smoke out.If the door is not hot，open it __7__(slow)．If there is a rush of smoke heat，close it again and shout to warn __8__(other)inside.

Now open the window a nd shout “Fire！”．See whether you can drop safely to the e this __9__ your escape course if you can.If you are not on ground level，break your fall by pushing a mat out first.Lower yourself at arm’s __10__(long) before dropping.Once outside，stay out outside and make sure the fire department is called. 【语篇导读】本文主要讲了发生火灾时应注意的事项以及如何在火灾中逃生。

1．breaks [考查时态。有主句时态可知此处应用一般现在时，在it后面，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。break out为不及物动词短语，不用被动语态。]

2．are killed [考查被动语态。根据句意，每年有11 000个人在着火的房子中伤亡，所以填kill的被动形式，因为是陈述事实，所以be动词用现在时。]

3．careless [考查形容词。根据句意，吸烟者引发死伤和火灾，所以是粗心大意的吸烟者。] 4．who [考查定语从句。由句子结构可知此处应填定语从句的引导词，先行词是人并在定语从句中作主语，所以用who。]

5．the [考查冠词。前文中提到了fire，所以在此处提到上文提到过的事物时，要用定冠词the，表示特指。]