国际音标教学_18. 音标讲解教程

音标

英语国际音标表（48个）

元音（20个）

长元音/ɑ://ɔ://ɜ://i://u:/

短元音/ʌ//ɒ//ə//ɪ//ʊ//e//æ/

双元音/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/

辅音（28个）

轻辅音/p//t//k//f//θ//s/

浊辅音/b//d//g//v//ð//z/

轻辅音/ʃ//h//ts//tʃ//tr/

浊辅音/ʒ//r//dz//dʒ//dr/

鼻音/m//n//ŋ/

半元音/j//w/

边音/ǀ/

*嘴巴的形状会直接影响到发音的效果，口型对了，不需要短促有力，发多久也是对的

元音

单元音

1./i://i//e//æ/

1)./i:/

音高咧嘴舌尖抵下齿，像笑一样

/i:/发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee

bee/bi:/meat/mi:t/team/ti:m/sheep/ʃiːp/

piece/pi:s/keep/ki:p/sweet/swi:t/thief/θi:f/

eg.Can you see the green leaves of each tree in the field.

Speeding on the freeway.

He and she.

2)./i/

嘴唇微张，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍微抬高，舌头略微向后缩

/i/发这个音的字母和字母组合i e(begin)y(happy)ey(monkey)ay（sunday）big/big/dig/dig/kick/kik/tip/tip/

zip/zip/quick/kwik/fish/fiʃ/nick/nik/Jim/dʒim/

eg.Be quick!Be quick!We’ll go to the cinema.What is it?It is a ticket.

*/i:/&/i/对比练习：

sit/sit/ship/ʃip/

seat/si:t/sheep/ʃiːp/

hit/hit/hill/hil/

heat/hi:t/heal/hi:l/

sleep/sli:p/eat/i:t/

slip/slip/it/it/

reach//seek//

rich//sick//

eg.

Been/bean I ate a bean./I have been there.

Eat/it I eat it.

Beat/bit The beat is a bit strong.

Keys/kiss Give me a kiss for the keys.

Feet/fit These shoes fit my feet.

Peel/pill Don’t peel that pill.

Sheep/ship There are sheep on the ship.

These/this These are better than this one.

Deed/did He did the deed.

Cheek/chick The chick’s cheek is soft.

3)./e/

唇形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍微隆起（下巴向下“点”）

/e/发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea

egg bell desk leg

pet bread head elephant

eg.The vet is fed up with that wet,dead pet.

Who lead Ted to the dead head in the bed?

4)./æ/

嘴张大且拉向两边，呈扁平型，舌尖抵下齿

/æ/发这个音的字母和字母组合a

dad cap bad apple stand

eg.Cat!Cat!Catch that fat cat.

I cannot imagine Sam wrote a bad exam.

Dad patted the cat.

[e]和[æ]对比：

bed–bad met-mat Ken–can men-man sent–sank

shed–shack let–lad set–sat peck–pack bet–bat

red–rat jet–Jack

*四个音标对比：

/i:/heat

/i/hit

/e/het

/æ/hat

例句：

The beans have been cooking since six o’clock.

Sit in that seat by the window.

We ate our meal,by the mill.

The seal will live in the ocean.

Tim’s team grinned after seeing the green field.

Pip and Pete shipped the sheep cheaply.

Those bins are for Bill’s beans.

Does Jim still steal Jill’s jeans?

The girls put concrete on Jill’s sneakers.

Pick cherries at their peak or you will eat the pits.

2./u://ʊ//ɔ://ɒ/

1)./u:/

嘴型小而圆，嘴唇外凸，尽量向前，舌头向后缩，发此音喉咙和腮帮有略微紧张感发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui

Blue Booth News Juice Loosen Ruler

Food Choose Mood Moving Loop Knew

eg.The room in the school was very cool.

Viewing the moon on June nights.

Do you remember the woman who lived in a shoe?She hadn’t a clue what

to do when her family grew.Well,through your help,they are moving in

June into two big boots