高考英语《阅读表达》专题训练含答案

中考英语专题训练《阅读表达》
理智使用网络
Surfing the Internet can help open students' eyes and get more knowledge. As a teacher, I encourage my students to use the Internet. In class those students who surf the Internet understand lessons better than the others. Besides, people can use the Internet to write letters or stories and send emails. Many students communicate with their friends online. You can also make friends by chatting on QQ. It is cheaper than calling somebody far away and it's also much quicker. Nearly one third of young people surf the Internet for fun. They like to listen to music, watch films, and go to their favourite stars' websites. But can the Internet cause problems? Some of my students who used to study well at school are now failing exams. Because they spend a lot of time playing computer games.
1. Surfing the Internet can help open students' eyes, can't it? (no more than seven words)
2. What's the writer? (no more than seven words)
3. How can you make friends on the Internet? (no more than seven words)
4. How many young people surf the Internet for fun? (no more than seven words)
5. What do you think of surfing the Internet?
英语的发展变化
How do we know what's right or wrong in English? Languages such as French and Spanish each has an official(官方的)organization that tells you what's correct. But there is nothing like that in English. So what can we do?
There is, of course, Standard English. This is the kind of English you read in newspapers or in formal letters. It is also the English you learn at school or in textbooks.
However, Standard English is not official English. And unbelievably, linguists(语言学家)think Standard English is on the same level as all other types of English such as Cockney English，Yorkshire English, South African English, Australian English, Singaporean English... And according to linguists, there is no such thing as Standard Spoken English.
English is changing all the time. Every year, new words appear and others disappear. Words change too. For example, for many years, the Latin word "agendum" was the accepted singular form and "agenda" was the plural form. However, these days, very few people use the Latin-sounding "agendum"，with "agenda" being the accepted singular form, and "agendas" the plural.
Newspapers each has their own style when they write certain things. For example, The Guardian puts dates like "21 July 2011" (with the day first，followed by the month and no commas).However, the news agency Reuters writes them like this "July 21，2011" (with the month first，and a comma(逗号)between the day and the year). Other newspapers have different ways of doing it too. So，as you can see, there's no one "correct" way-there's a variety of ways and each
one is acceptable.
Next time someone tells you that something is wrong, tell them that it isn't wrong, it is just English.
1. According to passage two, how many ways can you read or learn Standard English(no more than four words)
2. What is the plural form of the Latin word "agendum" in the past?(no more than four words)
3. How does the news agency Reuters write "2016年1月20日"?( no more than four words)
4. According to passage one, what languages have official organizations that tell you what is correct?(no more than four words)
5. What should you do when you face the changes of English?
肢体语言
Body language is one of the most powerful means of communication, often even more powerful than spoken language. People around the world show all kinds of feelings, wishes and attitudes that they might never speak aloud. It is possible to read others around us, even if they do not want us to catch their unspoken communication. Of course, body language can be misread, but many gestures and actions are common.
The most common facial expression is, of course, the
smile-its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.
It does not always mean that we are truly happy, however.
Smiles around the world can be false, hiding other feelings
like anger, fear or worry. There are unhappy smiles, such as
when someone loses face and smiles to hide it. However,
the general purpose of smiling is to show good feelings.
From the time we are babies, we show unhappiness or anger by frowning(皱眉头).In most places around the world, frowning and turning one's back to someone shows anger. Making a fist(拳头)and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry.
How about showing that I am bored? Looking away from people or yawning will，in most cases, make me appear to be uninterested. However, if I turn toward and look at someone or something, people from almost every culture will think that I am interested.
Being respectful to people is subjective, based on each culture, but in general it is probably not a good idea to give a hug to boss or teacher. In almost every culture, it is not usually good to stand too close to someone of a higher rank(等级).Standing at a little distance with open hands will show that I am willing to listen.
With so many cultural differences between people, it is great to have some similarities in body language. We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do !
1. What is even more powerful than spoken language according to the passage? (no more than four words)
2. What is the most common facial expression? (no more than four words)
3. How do babies normally show their anger? (no more than four words)
4. What is not good to do when you stay with someone of a higher rank? (no more than 13 words)
5. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? (no more than 14 words)
从失败走向成功
Why are so many people so afraid to fail? Quite simply because no one tells us how to face the failure(失败).In fact, failure can become experience that means growth. We forget that failure is part of the human condition and that every person has the right to fail.
Most parents work hard to prevent failure or protect their children. One way is to lower standards. Nearly 60% of the parents choose this way. When a child finishes making a table, the mother describes it as "perfect" even though it doesn't stand still. The other way is to blame(责怪)others. If John fails in science, his teacher is unfair or stupid.
There's a problem with the two ways. It makes a child unprepared for the real life if they don't meet enough failure. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time. The young should be allowed to experience failure.
Failure never gives people pleasure. It hurts both grown-ups and children. But it can be really good to your life when you learn to use it.
(Each answer should be no more than 6 words)
1. What can failure become in fact?
2. How many ways do most parents choose to prevent failure and protect their children?
3. How do 60% of the parents prevent failure or protect their children
4. What should young people be allowed to experience?
5. What should you do when you face the failure?
水稻
People all over the world eat rice. Millions of people in Asia,
Africa, and South America eat it every day of their lives. Some
People eat almost nothing but rice.
Rice is a kind of grass. There are more than 7,000 kinds of
rice. Rice is grown in many countries, even in the southern part of
the United States and in eastern Australia.
No one really knows where rice came from. Some scientists
think that it started to be planted in two places. They think that one
kind of rice was planted in southern Asia thousands of years ago.
Someone in China wrote about it almost 5,000 years ago. Another kind was probably grown in West Africa. Other scientists think that rice came from India，and Indian travellers took it to other parts of the world.
There are two main ways to grow rice. Upland rice grows in dry soil. Most rice is planted in wet soil. People in many countries do all of the work of growing rice by hand. This is the same way farmers worked hundreds of years ago. In some countries, people now use machines on their rice farms. The farmers all use fertilizer. Some insects are enemies of rice. Farmers poison them.
People use every part of the rice plant. They make animal feed and rice oil from it. They also make baskets, brooms, roofs and others for their houses. They burn dry rice plants in fires for cooking.
(Each answer should be no more than 9 words)
1. In what countries is rice an important food?
2. How many kinds of rice are there in the world?
3. When was rice grown in southern Asia?
4. How do rice farmers kill insects?
5. Why do people say rice is important?
铅笔的承诺
Adam Bruan set up the organization(组织)Pencils of Promise in 2008. Its goal is to make sure all children have a chance for education. Six years later, the non-profit organization is building a new school somewhere every 90 hours. It has helped more than 22,000 children in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
It all started when Adam Bruan was a college student. He was visiting India when a boy stopped him and asked for money on the street. Mr Bruan asked the boy what he would want，if he could have anything in the world.
"I thought the answer was going to be ‘a house’ or ‘a car’ or ‘a boat’. His answer was ‘a pencil’, So I gave him my pencil and he was just happy and excited. I realized he had never been to school before, and that was the reality(现实)for 57 million children around the world, "Bruan said.
Adam Bruan started working in finance(金融)after he graduated from college. But he never forgot the boy and the problem he realized.
"We live in a world in which every child can have a chance to get a good education, because we have everything necessary already. We are able to educate every child, So I promised to help change that world，"Bruan said.
Mr Bruan raised money for his project. He paid for building the first Pencils of Promise School in Laos, five years ago. Since then, his organization has helped pay for more than 200 schools in the countryside of Laos, Nicaragua, Guatemala and Ghana.
1. When did Adam Bruan set up the organization Pencils of Promise? (no more than 5 words)
2. How often is the organization building a new school somewhere six years later? (no more than
3 words)
3. What did the boy's answer make Adam realize?
4. Why did Adam Bruan set up the organization Pencils of Promise?
5. What do you think of the organization Pencils of Promise? Why?
培养自力更生的学生
Two years ago, a small town in Changhua started to grow healthy rice. The healthy rice was not grown by farmers but by the students from a small primary school of only about fifty people.
The idea of growing rice came from the school teachers. When making teaching plans, the teachers decided to teach students how to grow healthy rice on school land. They wanted the students to get closer to the land when doing the rice farming outside the classroom.
What's better, the school made money from selling the rice and giving farming classes to the public. With the money, the school could help the students who wished to go to foreign countries some day. Today the dream is becoming real—the students are flying to Japan to share their special farming experiences, and have fun over there, of course! "We all feel very proud that even students from a small town can make themselves seen in the world, " said one of the teachers.
1. When did the students begin to grow rice? (no more than 3 words)
2. Who decided to grow rice? (no more than 2 words)
3. Why was the decision made? (no more than 10 words)
4. What did the students do with the money from selling the ricer (no more than 4 words)
5. Would you like to be the students to learn to grow rice? Why?
一损俱损
A mouse was surprised and frightened to discover that the farmer and his wife had a mousetrap(老鼠夹)in the house. It ran to warn everyone, "There is a mousetrap in the house!" and wanted to get some help from them.
The hen raised its head and said, "Mr Mouse, this mousetrap is only for you. I won't be worried about it." The mouse turned to the pig. "I am sorry, Mr Mouse, but the mousetrap has nothing to do with me either! " the pig said. Then the mouse turned to the cow. "It sounds like you have a problem, not me, " the cow said. The mouse returned to the house with head down and it was very sad because no one would help it.
That night the farmer's wife heard aloud sound and she rushed to see what was caught. In the darkness she could not see that it was a snake. The snake bit(咬)the farmer's wife. The wife caught
a bad fever and the farmer thought the best way to treat a fever was chicken soup. So the farmer killed the hen for the soup. The wife got worse and her friends came to visit her. The farmer had to kill the pig to feed them. But the wife didn't get better and died. Her friends came and the farmer had to kill the cow to feed all of them.
So remember when any one of us is in trouble, we may all be in trouble.
1. How did the mouse feel when it discovered the mousetrap?
2. How many animals did the mouse warn in all? (no more than 3 words)
3. Why was the mouse very sad?
4. What was caught by the mousetrap that night? (no more than 3 words)
5. What can we learn from the story?
团队精神
Team spirit means the willingness of people to work together and help each other as part of a team. With this spirit, people try hard to make their team the best of all. Everyone has experienced team spirit one way or another, whether they were part of a team or saw a group of people cheer for their favourite player.
There are different kinds of team spirit. One kind is the connection between a team of people because their efforts and cooperation(合作)are necessary in reaching a particular goal. The second kind is when a group of people support a person or a team. The third is people's natural love for and pride in their country, when a whole nation cheers for its country in competitions.
Team spirit can also be seen in the workplace or in some activities.
Team spirit creates various good effects. It creates friendship and trust between people who may not get along when they don't have such team spirit. There may also be bad effects. Too great team spirit may cause arguments or fights with other team members.
Some people don't understand team spirit properly. They think team spirit means having to become an official member of an organization, team or fan club. In fact, team spirit can be built anywhere-between friends, coworkers or even between two people sitting next to each other. You don't have to be wearing the team spirit clothes. Anyone can show team spirit just by showing support for the goal.
1. What is team spirit?
2. Which kind of team spirit in the passage do you have in your group work in class?
3. What good effects does team spirit create?
4. Where can team spirit be built?
5. Why do you think team spirit is important?(请自拟一句话作答)
理智使用网络
1.Yes, it can.
2. A teacher.
3.By chatting on QQ.
4.Nearly one third.
5.Surfing the Internet can help open our eyes and get more knowledge. But spending lots of
time playing computer games is bad for us.
英语的发展变化
1.Four.
2.Agenda.
3.January 20,2016.
4.French and Spanish.
5.We should read English widely.
肢体语言
1.Body language.
2.The smile.
3.By frowning.
4.To give a hug or to stand too close to him or her.
5.The ways of showing feelings with body language and the importance of using it.
从失败走向成功
1.Failure become experience that means growth.
2.Two.
3.They lower standards./By lowering standards./To lower standards.
4.To experience failure.
5.We should face it bravely.
水稻
1.Countries located in Asia, Africa, and South America.
2.Over/More than 7,000.
3.Thousands of years ago.
4.They poison them.
5.Because they use every part of the rice plant.
铅笔的承诺
1.In 2008./He did it in 2008.
2.Every 90 hours.
3.He had never been to school before and that was the reality for 57 million children around the
world.
4.He did that to educate every child or to help change the world.
5.It is a good organization because it makes sure all children have a chance for education.
培养自力更生的同学
1.Two years ago.
2.The teachers.
3.To make students get closer to the land,/They wanted the students to get closer to the land.
4.They flew to Japan./They went to Japan./They visited Japan./They went abroad.
5.Yes, because we can get the special farming experiences and have fun.
一损俱损
1.Surprised and frightened.
2.Three.
3.Because no one/animal would help it.
4. A snake.
5.When any one of us is in trouble, we may all be in trouble.
团队精神
1. (Team spirit is/means) the willingness of people to work together and help each other as
part of a team.
2. The connection between a team/group of people/students.
3. (It creates)friendship and trust between people(who may not get along when they don't
have such team spirit.)
4. (Team spirit can he built)anywhere/between friends/between coworkers/between two
people sitting next to each other.
5. It helps us succeed in our work/studies/It helps us to reach our goal…
高考阅读表达
A study of more than five million books, both fiction and non-fiction, has found a marked decline in the use of emotional words over time. The researchers form the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer, a facility for finding the frequency of terms in scanned books, to search for more than 600 particular words identified as representing anger, dislike, fear, joy, sadness and surprise.
They found that almost all of the categories (类别) showed a drop in these “mood words”over time. Only in the category of fear was there an increase in usage.
“It is a steady and continuous decrease,” said Dr Alberto Acerbi. He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature, in a crowded media landscape. “One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media. Maybe these media—movies, radio, drama—had more emotional content than books.”
Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend, the research, published in the journal PLOS One, found that they also exhibited another interesting behaviour：the ratio (比率) between the two varied greatly, apparently mirroring historical events.
During the Roaring Twenties the joy-to-sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash. But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War. Nevertheless, the researchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trends. In the paper, they even argue that the reverse could be true.
“It has been suggested, for example, that it was the suppression (压抑) of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing ‘filled with romance and sex’…perhaps,”they conclude, “songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body.”
(Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
81. A study of more than five million books indicated a decline in “mood words” over time except
_______________.
82. According to Dr Alberto Acerbi, one reason for the drop of “mood words” in books may be that
_______________.
83. What were the two periods when the joy-to-sadness ratio was at its highest?
84. While the researchers found some changes in the use of “mood words” in books, they were
not sure that _______________.
81. in the category of fear
82. the literary position has changed in a crowded media landscape / other media—movies, radio, drama—
had more emotional content
83. During the roaring Twenties and before the recent financial crash.
84. their research result reflected wider social trends / songs and books reflected the real population
While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.
This pattern of age segregation(隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 t0 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent t0 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.
Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)
81. "This pattern of age segregation" refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from
82. Besides changes in the workplace, are the other two factors contributing
to adolescent peer culture.
83. When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?
84. How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?
81. younger children and adults
82. school reform efforts and the changes in population
83. In early adolescence
84. They have less close supervision of parents. /They manage to escape adult supervision./They are increasingly autonomous.
Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth-sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth-sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills (运动技能); these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult-sport participants. When coaches develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implications of deliberate play and deliberate practice.
Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté(2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street, on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involve d in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).
On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although the drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they
might be the most relevant to improving performance.
78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?
79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to ________.
80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?
81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at ________.
78. Improved physical health and psychosocial development.
79. participate in sports during adulthood
80. They change rules to suit their needs and their environment.
81. improving performance
“Let’s Talk”：The Free Advice Project
A few weeks ago, I took a walk around Washington Square Park. I met all the usual people：street performers, the Pigeon Guy, a group of guitarists singing in harmony. But off to the side, sitting on a bench was a woman doing something vastly different—giving free advice.
A week or two later, I set up an interview with her and we discussed her project at length.
Lisa Podell, 32, started the Free Advice Project this past May. It began as an experiment；she sat in Washington Square Park for a day with a sign that read “Free Advice” as a simple way to reach out to people. Podell was astonished at the strong response.
Podell admits that she was doubtful at first, but now she describes the project as mutually (相互地) beneficial. People learn from her—but she also learns from them. She says that the majority of those who come to her are dealing with some pretty heavy issues, and they expect her not only to listen, but also provide real answers.
Having worked as a full time teacher and now as an adolescent advisor, Podell believes that talking things out is an important in the decision-making process.
Sometimes, people walk around all day, keeping their problems in their own head and thinking about them in the same way. Podell simply strives to provide people with perspective.
I asked if there is a future plan for the Free Advice Project. Podell said she would like to promote it to each public space in New York, which would be carried out by various volunteers across the city.
It was truly inspiring to meet someone with such a big heart, especially in New York—where it is sometimes very hard to find anybody to listen. (303 words)
81. In what way was Podell different from other people in the park? (No more than 6 words) (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________ 82. What do people in need expect Podell to do? (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________ 83. According to Podell, what should people do when making decisions?
(No more than 6 words) (2 marks)。