基于单片机的冰箱控制系统

编号：

审定成绩：

重庆邮电大学移通学院

毕业设计（论文）

设计（论文）题目：冰箱控制系统的设计

单位（系别）：通信工程系

学生姓名：苗继镭

专业：通信工程

班级：01110916

学号：05

指导教师：邢阳阳王锌

答辩组负责人：

填表时间：2013 年 5 月

重庆邮电大学移通学院教务处制

重庆邮电大学移通学院毕业设计(论文)任务书

设计(论文)题目冰箱控制系统的设计

学生姓名苗继镭系别通信工程系专业通信工程班级01110916

指导教师邢阳阳王锌职称助教高工联系电话

教师单位重庆邮电大学移通学院下任务日期__ 2013___年_ 1__月_ 4__日

摘要

本课题设计的电冰箱的电控系统主要应用AT89C51单片机作为核心控制元件进行分析和设计，对各部分的软件编程、硬件电路设计、及调试进行了介绍。本系统分温度测量和信号产生输出两大部分。温度测量部分以模拟电路为主，配合电压比较模块、A/D转化模块，在误差允许范围内测量温度值，并进行比较，产生电压信号。信号经A/D转换，进入AT89C51单片机。信号经单片机的控制运算处理，产生控制信号并输出控制压缩机、加热器的启动与停止。此外，该系统可通过专用键盘接口芯片8279进行温度的设定及显示。系统扩展液晶显示器，显示动态的冷冻室温度和冷藏室温度；系统扩展了多个功能键，通过功能键可人为改变控制设定值从而满足不同用户的不同需要。

近年来，随着微电子技术、传感器技术以及计算机控制技术的发展，人们对电冰箱的控制功能要求越来越高，这对电冰箱控制器提出了更高的要求，多功能、人性化和节能是其发展方向。传统的机械式、简单的电子控制已经难以满足发展要求。为此，本文介绍了采用AT89C51单片机作为控制器核心，对电冰箱的工作过程进行控制，并用声音将电冰箱的一些工作过程进行提示，使控制过程更人性化。通过DS18B20温度传感器对冷藏室温度，冷冻室温度进行检测，并将产生的模拟信号，通过A/D转换送入单片机；对霜厚度则通过热敏电阻进行温度检测后产生中断信号送入单片机。温度检测信号经单片机处理后用于调节压缩机和加热器的工作，满足消费者对温度的设置要求，实现自动除霜功能。

经过实践证明，以及反复的模拟运行、调试、修改，最后形成了一套完整的程序系统。本系统运行稳定，其优点是软件功能完善，控制系统可靠，性价比较高等，具有一定的实用和参考价值。

【关键词】AT89C51单片机8279 DS18B20 电冰箱的电控系统。

ABSTRACT

The main topics designed by chip – microcomputer AT89C51 finish the function of controlling the fridge. This paper introduces the electric refriger ator’s electrically controlled system, including software, hardware design, and commissioning the problems encountered in design as well as system is dissolved into temperature measurement and signal output two most voltage measurement parts in the main circuit simulation, and tie comparative module, A/D conversion module. Surplus microprocessor through data processing, in the range of allowable error temperature measurements shows and generates voltage signal. Signal to the A/D conversion. Then the signal after conversion enters AT89C51 microprocessor ．The output that has been dealt with is used to control the run and stop of compressor and heater. In addition ，this system can fulfill the function of successive temperature setting by 8279 ,a chip used to control keyboard and show. The design extends liquid crystal display, which displays the dynamic environmental temperature and extends a few functional keys that a user can input the appropriate temperature parameter for the special need.

In these years, with the development of microprocessors and sensor, the demand of function of fridge is becoming higher and higher. Users need it has many functions, personal-like interface and little waste of power. However, the traditional fridge can not finish all the functions. As a result, this paper introduces the system which uses AT89C51 as the center of the control system, having sound system to remind users. The 51-computer gets the temperature parameter from the integration temperature sensor and the DS18B20 that transforms the analog parameter to the digital parameter. Then, the 51-computer puts out the signal to control the run and stop of compressor and heater.

After repeated debugging and revision, the final form of a complete set of procedures system is completed. Practice has proved that the system is steady. and it has the advantages of a software functions, reliable control system, high cost performance, practical and reference value.

【Key words】AT89C51 8279 DS18B20 electric refrigerator’s electrically controlled system.