短文填空专题训练

短文填空专题训练

步骤（Step）

一、

跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意

根据首字母填空的题型，实际上相当于完形填空，必须先快速通读全文，尽

量理解文章的主要内容，再仔细揣摩需要填词的句子，只有完全理解全句的

意思，才能准确填写单词。

二、复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。

1.利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义

2.再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。例如，

单，复数、形容词，副词的级别、时态、语态、语气及非谓语动词的形式等，要特别注意时态的呼应及主谓一致。

三、通读短文，检查答案

注意点（Attentions）

(1)、确定正确的时态

1．根据句中的时间状语来确定时态。

例如，现在完成时的时间状语：

already, yet, ever, never, just, before, for, since+时间点；since+过去时态的句子, so far, by now, in/during the last/past few years etc

2．注意时态呼应。

在主从复合句中，主句谓语与从句谓语动词的时态是相互照应的。

1）在宾语从句中，如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选用任何时态；

如果主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去的某种时态；如果从句表达的是一个

客观事实不管主句是何种时态，从句仍用一般现在时。

2）在状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，或是祈使句，或是含情态动词

的句子，时间和条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。

3．根据上下文确定时态。

有时句子没有明显的时间状语，也不能用时态呼应规则来对照，这时就可以

根据上下文内容来判断时间关系，确定时态。如：

如：

“You’ve certainly touched my heart with your choices. And I’m sure the Five Friendlies_____(touch) the heart of the world.”句意是“你以你的选择已经震撼了我的心，我相信这五个福娃将会给世人带来震撼。”后句是笔者对美好事物的祝愿，所以应用一般将来时。

(2)、确定正确的语态

我们在考虑时态的同时，也要考虑语态。当句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时，用被动

语态；反之用主动语态。如：

“They _______(choose) carefully by Beijing 2008 to represent

注意：不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语动词（如listen，sleep，take place, happen，get up，grow up，break out，come in等）没有被动语态。

如

Great changes have taken place in the last few years.

The war broke out many years ago．

但是，当“不及物动词＋介（副）词”构成的短语动词其作用相当于及物动

词时，则有被动语态。

The children are looked after well．

(3)、确定非谓语动词的形式

如果所给的动词在句子中不作谓语，就应该考虑用动词的非谓语动词形式。

1. want，hope，wish，decide，would like，agree, learn, plan, choose, manage, offer to do

2．在enjoy，finish，mind，be busy，be worth，feel like，what／how about，can't help，practice，have fun／problems ,miss, give up, suggest,

Look forward to, succeed in, pay attention to, keep, be worth, allow -ing

3．tell, ask, order, encourage, advise, teach, want, wish, allow sb to do

4.remember, forget, stop, try, mean, love, like, need, go on, continue, be used to do/doing

5.感官动词和使役动词

feel sb do/doing

listen to, hear sb do/doing

make, let, have sb do (have sth done)

look at, watch, see, notice sb do/doing

在被动语态中用to do

总结（Conclusion）

看图填词是对学生综合能力的考察，细心、积累和练习必不可少。

1. I am Jackie Lee, an American Chinese. Let me tell you about my grandfather's life story. My grandfather was 71 in 1932 and grew up in a poor village in Fujian, China. At the age of 14, he first heard of America. It was said to be the land of gold and poor people could easily become 72 there.

So, my grandfather came to America. "I had thought it was easy to 73 money in America," he told me. " But when I 74 in Los Angeles, I realized it was not true. I couldn't find a good job because I spoke little English. I wanted to go to a language school to learn English, 75 I couldn't afford it. Later, I worked in a small 76 , serving the guests, cleaning up the