水泵平衡装置设计

摘要

研究的目的是采取液体静压支承来平衡轴向力的方法。改善矿山排水装置平衡盘受力状况，解决离心水泵轴向力引起磨损严重的问题。延长水泵使用寿命，提高效率，降低矿井排水装置的维修费用。液体静压支承是借助于输入支承工作面间的液体静压力来支承载荷的滑动支承。它处于纯液体润滑条件下工作。液体静压支承具有速度范围宽、支承能力大、运动精度高、抗振性能好和使用寿命长等优点。但液体静压支承需要一套液压供油系统，润滑油的过滤精度要求较高。本文以150D30 9型泵轴向力的液体静压支承平衡为例。并且适合在各种型号的矿用的水泵的改装，起到代替平衡盘的作用。因为盘之间的较小间隙处容易堵塞，另一方面，固体颗粒会加快平衡盘的磨损，造成平衡盘与平衡环之间的间隙增大，达不到原有的平衡作用。所以矿用水泵可广泛采用液体静压支承来平衡轴向力。

关健词：多级离心泵；液体静压支承；轴向力；平衡盘

Abstract

We study the issue in order to introduce the method which static pressure supporting is able to solve the problem caused by the axial force of multistage centrifugal pump .It improve the force on the balance disk. Not only the method is good to increase working life and the efficiency for water pump but also it reduces the cost of maintenance. The static pressure supporting is able to work because of the hydrostatic pressure between the working surface .It works with the condition of the pure liquid Lubrication .There are some advantage such as having the wide range of speed, carrying power well , the movement precision highly and working life is long. But the static pressure supporting has to need a set of supplying oil systems. The lubricating oil need to be higher precision. Talking the static equilibrium of axial force of pump 150D30 9 as the example. Kinds of pump may are improved with the method. On the one hand there are a lot of slit blocked easily in the balance disk, on the other hand the solid particle can break balance disk, which increases slit between balance disk and balance disk ring. Therefore we may use widely the static pressure supporting method in mine pump fields.

Keyword: Multistage centrifugal pump; static pressure supporting; axial force; balance disk

目录

前言 (1)

1在矿山中水泵的应用 (3)

1.1矿山对排水设备的要求 (3)

1.2常用主排水泵结构 (3)

1.3平衡盘工作原理 (4)

1.4产生轴向推力的主要原因 (4)

2液体静压支承原理 (8)

2.1流体静压技术的简述 (8)

2.2油腔的流量及有效面积的计算推导 (8)

2.2.1基本矩形油腔的流量计算 (8)

2.2.2环行油腔推力轴承的流量计算原理 (9)

2.3节流器的流量计算 (12)

2.3.1小孔节流器 (12)

2.3.2节流比β和液阻比λ (13)

2.4液体静压支承的承载能力计算 (13)

2.4.1单油腔静压支承 (13)

2.4.2对称等面积对置油腔静压支承 (14)

2.5液体静压支承的油膜刚度计算 (15)

2.5.1油膜刚度的概念 (15)

2.5.2单油腔静压支承油膜刚度计算 (16)

3总体设计方案 (18)

3.1水泵的轴向推力计算 (20)

3.2平衡装置结构设计计算 (20)

3.2.1止推板尺寸计算 (20)

3.2.2油泵供油压力计算 (20)

3.2.3节流器选择 (21)

3.2.4油垫中油膜刚度及最大位移的计算 (22)

3.2.5油膜的流量及功率 (23)

4液压控制系统设计 (25)

4.1选择液压泵 (25)

4.2选择电机 (26)

4.3阀类元件及辅助元件 (27)

4.4液压系统的性能验算 (36)

4.4.1系统压力损失的验算 (36)

4.4.2油液发热温生计算 (38)

4.5设计及使用时的注意事项 (39)

5经济性评估 (40)

6结论 (41)

致谢 (42)

参考文献 (43)