英语基础知识大全
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
英语基础知识大全
名词的变化规律?
1.?一般情况下加s?(如cats,?dogs,?friends,?books,?papers等)?
2.?以s,?x,?ch,?sh?结尾的加es?(如buses,?boxes,?matches,?flashes等)?
3.?以辅音字母+y?结尾的名词,把y?改为i?再加es?(如ladies,?stories,?candies等)?但要注意的是以
元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s,如:boy→boys,day→days。
4.?部分以等),
5.?)?
(7foot→【注意】与,
1.?直接在动词后加s?,如want—wants,work—works,know—knows,help—helps,get—gets。
2.?以s,?x,?ch,?sh?结尾的动词在后面加es?,如watch—watches,catch—catches。
3.?以辅音字母加o?结尾加es?,如go—goes,do—does。
4.?以辅音字母加y?结尾,把y?改为i?再加es?,如study—studies,carry—carries,fly—flies,worry
—worries
5.?以元音字母加y?结尾,直接加s?,如play—plays.
6.?不规则变化??
二、动词ing?的变化规律:?
1.英语动词加-ing,通常是在原形词尾直接加-ing构成:cough—coughing,climb—climbing,stand
—standing,fight—fighting?
2.以-e结尾的动词?
(1)如果动词原形以一辅音加一不发音的-e结尾,一般应去掉e再加ing:? write—writing,hope—hoping,care—caring,stare—staring,plane—plan-ing,have—having,save —saving,?produce—producing,?breathe—breathing?(2)以-ie结尾的动词应先将e去掉,将i 变成y然后再加-ing:?die—dying,tie—tying,vie—vying,lie—lying?
(3)以-ee,-oe,-ye结尾的动词加-ing时应保留词尾e:?
see—eye—
sue—suing e
,?true
run—
但辅音x
(2或
open—
—,travel
以非重读的-el结尾的动词加-ing时,英国英语习惯于重复词尾l,而美国英语则习惯于不重复1。?
4.若动词以一元音加一半元音(y或w)结尾,可直接加-ing:? pay—paying,?throw—throwing,follow—following,?draw—drawing,?em-ploy—employing?
5.以-ic结尾的动词应先在字母c后加一字母k再加-ing:? frolic—frolicking,panic—panicking,mimic—mimicking,picnic—picnicking,traffic—trafficking?
三、动词过去式的变化规律:?
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled,?cook-cooked??
2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted?
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:
stop-stopped??
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,?再加-ed,如:study-studied??
5.不规则动词过去式:??
am,is-was?are-were?do-did??see-sawsay-said?give-gave?get-gotgo-went??
come-came?have-had?eat-atetake-took??run-ransing-sang???put-putmake-made?
read-read?write-wrotedraw-drew?drink-drank?fly-flew?ride-rode?speak-spoke
sweep-sweptswim-swam?sit-sat
3如hot 4