初中英语语法专项数词及初中英语语法总结及练习

初中英语语法专项练习四——数词
1. 1). There are ___ days in a year.
A. three hundreds sixty-five
B. three hundreds and sixty-five
C. three hundred and sixty-five
D. three hundred and sixty five
2). There are____ students in this school.
A. eight hundreds and forty-six
B. eight hundred and forty six
C. eight hundred and forty-six
D. eight hundred forty-six
2. 1).______people visit this museum every day.
A. Hundred
B. Hundreds
C. Hundred of
D. Hundreds of
2).There are two___ people in the meeting room.
A. hundred
B. hundreds
C. hundreds of
D. hundred of
3). Every year ___ watch NBA on TV.
A. million people
B. millions of people
C. millions people
D. million of people
4). ____ trees have been planted in our school in the past 10 years.
A. Thousands of
B. Two thousands
C. Thousand of
D. Two thousand of
5). Look! There are ___ in the sky.
A. thousand stars
B. thousand of stars
C. thousands of stars
D. thousands of star
3. 1). My brother is in____.
A. Three Class, One Grade
B. Class Three, Grade One
C. Grade One, Class Three
D. class three, grade one
2.) We are going to learn___ this term.
A. book six
B. six book
C. the book six
D. Book Six
3). Please turn to___. Let\'s read the text aloud.
A. Page Two .
B. the page two
C. second page
D. page second
4. 1). We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this____. A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-five B. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty five C.seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-five D. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five
2). "The year 1999" should be read "The year____". A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine C. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine
5. 1). He will come here ____ tomorrow morning.
A. at fifth
B. at ten
C. on two
D. till tenth
2). Every day he begins to do his homework ___.
A. at ten past seven
B. at seven pass ten
C. on ten past seventh
D. until ten
3). He was doing some washing ____.
A. at eight yesterday morning
B. yesterday morning eight
C. yesterday morning at eight
D. by eight yesterday morning
6. 1).He began to work there____.
A. on his fifty
B. at age of fifty
C. when he fifty
D. in his fifties
2). They moved to Beijing _
A. in 1980s
B. in the 1980 \'
C. in the 1980s
D. on the 1980\'s
3). We all like the boy.
A. of ten years old
B. ten-year-old
C. at ten old
D. of age of ten
4).She was ___ her early twenties when she went abroad.
A. at
B. on
C. of D: in
7.1). There are____ months in a year. December is the ____month of the year.
A. twelve; twelve
B. twelve; twelfth
C. twelfth; twelve
D. twelve; twelveth
2). During____ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.
A. twenty
B. the twentieth
C. twentieth /
D. the twenty
3). Sunday is the____ day of the week.
A. seventh
B. first
C. second
D. third
4). Autumn is season in a year.
A. the fourth
B. the third
C. a third
D. the threeth
5). Tom was to get to school and I was ______.
A. first; ninth C. the first; the ninth
B. a first; a ninth D. the second; the nineth
8.1) -What\'s the date today?
-Its___.
A. Friday
B. time to go
C. cloudy
D. June 4th
2). Jenny was born
A. on July 10, 1987
B. in July 10, 1987
C. in 1987, July 10
D. on 1987, July 10
3). Monday is the second day, and_______.
A. Tuesday is the fourth
B. Thursday is the fifth
C. the second is Tuesday
D. the second is Thursday
9. 1). About____ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.
A. four-fifth
B. four-fifths
C. fourth-fifths
D. fourths-fifth
2). ___ of the students are girls in our class.
A. Two three
B. Two threes
C. Two thirds
D. Second three
3). ___ of the world's books and newspapers are written in English.
A. Three quarters
B. Three quarter
C. Thirds four
D. Threes fourth
10.1). Tom is____ in the row.
A. a second
B. the second
C. two
D. second
2). The girl wanted to sing____ song in English.
A. the others
B. a second
C. other
D. the second
3). Now let me have____.
A. the third try
B. a third try
C. third try
D. this third try
答案:
1 . 1-
2 c c 6. 1-4 d c a d
2. 1-5 d a b a c 7. 1-5 b b b b c
3. 1-3 b d a 8. 1-3 d a b
4. 1- 2 c b 9 .1-3 b c a
5. 1-3 b a a10. 1-3 b b b
初中英语语法总结
一、词类：
英语词类分十种：名词、代词、数词、形容词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。

<一>、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。

如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, 英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：
1)专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。

如：Beijing, Tom, the P eople’s Republic of China
专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。

如：the Great Wall
姓氏名词如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。

2）普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。

名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：
①在单数名词词尾加s。

如：map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables.
②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：class→cl asses, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches.
[注意]：少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。

如：photo→photos, piano→pianos.
③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。

如：family→families, city→cities, party→parties.
④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。

如：shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→k nives.
不规则变化：man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep, tooth→teeth, fish→fish, child→children, ox→oxen, goose→geese
不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。

如：a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.
永远不可数名词巧计：消息说他工作进步老板奖他许多钱，他得到建议如果天气好，他要去买家具，设备，行李。

现在他在家喝牛奶听音乐，多么乐趣呀
3）名词所有格：
名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。

其构成法如下：
①表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。

如：Childern’s Day(儿童节), my sister’s book(我姐姐的书)
②以s或es结尾的复数名词。

只在词尾加’。

如：Teachers’ Day(教师节)
③有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s. 如：today’s newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes’ break(十分钟的课间休息),
China’s population(中国的人口).
④无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。

如：
a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).
[注意]：
①‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)
②两人共有某物时,可以采用A and B’s的形式,如：Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)
③“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)
4）名词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：
①主语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词
用单数形式：如：The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)
②集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,
如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：My family is a very big one.如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：My family like watching TV.
③Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。

如：There is a sheep in the yard. / There are some sheep in the yard.
④Maths , news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：The news is very
exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)
⑤glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。

如：
The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买) 专项练习：
一、写出下列名词的复数形式：
1. pencil-box _______
2. wife _______ 3 . Sunday______ 4. city______
5. dress _______
6. Englishman _______
7. match _____
8. Chinese _____
9. zoo ________10. exam________ 11. German ______
二、单选
1. June 1st is ____ Day all over the world.
A. Child‘s
B. Childs’
C. Children‘s
D. Childrens’
2. September 10th is ___ Day in China，isn't it？
A. Teacher‘s
B. Teachers’
C. Teacher
D. Teacher of
3. _____ is made of _____.
A. Glass；glass
B. A glass；glass
C. Glasses；glasses
D. A glass；glasses
4. This is _______ news.
A. such a good
B. a very good
C. so good a
D. such good
5. What ______ it is！Let‘s go swimming.
A. a fine weather
B. fine day
C. a fine day
D. bad weather
6. They like Chinese _____.
A. food and peoples
B. foods and people
C. foods and people
D. food and people
7. Lucy and I go to school _____ every day.
A. on feet
B. on foot
C. by foots
D. by buses
8. –Are those _____？-No，they aren’t. They’re _____.
A. sheep；cows
B. sheep；cow
C. sheeps；cow
D. sheeps；cows
9. What are you listening to，Jane？____ or ____？
A. a music；a news
B. music；news
C.a music；news
D. music；a news
10. How many ____ and ____ are there in your class？
A. boy student；girl ones
B. girls students；boys ones
C. boys student；girl one
D. girl students；boy ones
11. A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.
A. Frenchmen；Germans
B. Frenchmen；Germen
C. German；Frenchmen
D. Germans；Frenchmans
12. That bus driver drank two _____.
A. glass of water
B. glasses of waters
C. cups of tea
D. cup of tea
13. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _______.
A. Bob’s mother
B. Bob’s mother’s
C. mother of Bob
D. Bob mother’s
14. The tall man with a big nose is _______ teacher.
A. Tom and Carl
B. Tom's and Carl’s
C. Tom and Carl's
15. There is ______ tree in our school.
A. a 8-meters-tall
B. an 8-meter-tall
C. an 8 meters tall
<二>代词一．人称代词：
1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语.
He teaches ______(we) Chinese .
2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为:
单数:二,三,一（You, she and I ）复数:一,二,三(we , you and they )
注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)
She and I have been to Beijing .
Who broke the window ? I and Mike .
注：it 还有一些特别的用法。

1）用作形式主语,常用于“It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.
2) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.
3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.
4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.
5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 从句”中.
6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth .
二.物主代词.
1.形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。

2.名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。

名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。

Our classroom is as big as ______(they) .
This is a friend of ______(my).
注: 1)名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词.
（名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词）
2)形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词.
My own house = a house of my own
三.反身代词
反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替.
反身代词的常用搭配:
enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself = learn…by oneslf all by o neself
help oneself to … look after oneself leave sb by oneself lose oneself in
say to oneself for oneself dress oneself improve oneself see oneself in the mirror 四.指示代词
1.近指: this these 远指: that those
2.用法:
1)that those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词.
The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai .
The books in that shop are cheaper than ______in this shop.
A.this
B.that
C.one
D.those
2)this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子.
He had a bad cold ,that is why he didn’t come .
3)在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方.
This is Tom speaking . Who is that ?
五.不定代词的区别.
1.one与it 的区别
One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it代替上文中出现的某事物.
This book is a good one . May I borrow it ?
2.some与any 的区别
一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句,条件句中.但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some 代any. 常用于could / would / May 开头或what about /how about …. 的句中。

May I have some water ?
He asked me for some paper , but I didn’t have any .
3.many与much的区别
Many+可数名词的复数Much+不可数名词都相当于a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词
注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .
4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别
The story is easy to read . there are _____ new words in it .
Hurry up ! There is _____ time left .
5.each / every 的区别
each 表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.
There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street .
______ student has read a story .
注:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every 不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语.
Each of us _______(study )hard .
6.no one 与none 的区别
no one 表示没有人, 不能与of 连用. 而none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，谓语常用单数。

.
The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest .
7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别
There are many trees on ____ side of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all
注: 1). both 的否定词是neither , all的否定词是none.
2).both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数.
neither of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
Neither of the answers ______(be) right .
Both of my parents _______(be) workers.
3).词组
A) both …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:not only …but also … 反义词组: neither … nor …
Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV .= You like watching TV , _____ _____ she .
B) either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither…nor… 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.
Neither you nor he ______ (be ) right .
One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park.
C) either 也可用于否定句中的“也”
D) neither 也可表示“ 也不” 句型: neither … sb 某人也不怎么样.
If you don’t go there , _____ _____ I . (我也不去)
4) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答.
Who 的回答:用no one 回答.
What 的回答:用nothing 回答.
How many students are there in the classroom ? __________.
Who can answer the question ? _______.
A. None
B.No one
C.Nothing
8.other /the other /others /the others 的区别
注: 1) one …the other … 表示两者之间的一个……另一个……
2) some… others… 表示一些…… 一些……
3) another 表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个. 只能修饰可数名词的单数.
但another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词表示“ 另外几个……”Would you like ______ apple ?
I have two brothers , one is a teacher , _________ is a worker .
Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window .
There are 20 teachers in our school . Eight of them are men teachers ,and _____ are women teachers
9.
Every one of us has seen the film . Everyone should do their best . 10.复合不定代词.
注: 1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
2.形容词修饰不定代词时, 形容词放在不定代词之后.
3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后.
4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中,
1)指人的不定代词, 其反义疑问句中的主语用he 或they . 2)指物的不定代词, 其反义疑问句中的主语用 it .
5.any ,anything ,anyone, anyboby 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人” Everything ______(begin ) to grow in spring , _______ _______ ? Is there ___________(一些有趣的事)in today’s newpaper ? I want something ________ (eat ). 关系代词：用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词，如：who 、whom .which 、 that 、as,whose 连接代词：用来引导宾语从句、主语从句或表语从句的连接词称连接代词。

如：what, who ,whom, which ,whose 。

不定代词：代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词.如：some ，any ，none ，all,each,everything,nothing 等。

相互代词：表示相互关系的词叫相互代词。

each other ,one another 是相互代词,
疑问代词：用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。

如：who 、whom 、whose 、what 、which 、whoever 、whatever 、whichever 。

专项练习题：
I. 用所给代词的正确形式填空。

1. Mr. Lee teaches _______(we) English. We all like _______(he) classes.
2. Is this bike ________(you)? No, _______(I) is blue.
3. Did you enjoy ________(you) last night, kids?
4. She hurt _______(her) in the accident.
5. Is this _______(he) pen? Yes, it ’s _______(he).
6. –What ’s ______(you) age? --_______(me) am 15 years old.
7. We can help _______(every) other and learn from each other. 8. How is _______(you) father going, Li Lei? –He is fine, thanks. 9. --My book is here. Where is _______(you), Tom? --______ is in the classroom.
10. --Are ______(you) parents workers?
--No, _______(they) are teachers.
2,选择填空
1．This dictionary is not hers. It’s _______.
A. my
B. me
C. mine
2. --- Is this ______ magazine? --- No, it isn’t. It’s ________.
A. your, her
B. hers, mine
C. your, hers
3. There are two books on the desk. One is a math book, _______ is an English book.
A. others
B. another
C. the other
4. _______ of the girls plays tennis well.
A. Neither
B. Both
C. All
5. Mary speaks very quickly. _______ is difficult to understand what she is saying.
A. That
B. she
C. It
6. The school was built by the villagers _______.
A. us
B. ourselves
C. themselves
7. He put a finger into ______ mouth and sucked it.
A. his
B. he
C. him
8. He is always ready to help ______.
A. another
B. others
C. the other
9. Let _______ do this exercise myself.
A. him
B. her
C. me
10. Do you have _______ to tell us?
A. important something
B. something important
C. anything important
11. I met an old friend of ______ on ______ way home.
A. mine, a
B. my, the
C. mine, the
12. ______ of the students in our class has a ticket.
A. Every
B. Both
C. Each
13. There are several books on the desk.. _____ of them is English.
A. All
B. Neither
C. None
14. _______ live in Shanghai.
A. We
B. Our
C. Ours
15. --- Is this ______ jacket? --- Yes, it’s _______.
A. her, her
B. her, hers
C. hers, her
16. --- _______ is that boy? --- He’s my son.
A. Who
B. Whom
C. Whose
17. _______ humans ______ animals can live without air.
A. Both, and
B. Neither, nor
C. Either, or
18. They have twenty-six desks in the classroom. One is for the teacher, ______ are for the students.
A. the other
B. other
C. the others
19. My dictionary is in my bag. Where is _______?
A. yours
B. you
C. your
20. I think you can do the job by ______.
A. yourself
B. myself
C. himself
21. --- Which jacket is Mary’s? --- The red one is _______.
A. she
B. her
C. hers
22. My uncle was so angry that he was not ______ when he found I was beating his dog.
A. him
B. his
C. himself
23. There are many trees on ______ sides of the street.
A. all
B. both
C. either
24. _____ is important for us to keep the balance of nature.
A. There
B. That
C. It
25. She can’t find ______ watch.
A. hers
B. it
C. her
26. There is ______ milk in the glass.
A. many
B. little
C. few
27. Please pass ______ the cap of tea.
A. me
B. my
C. mine
28. Have you heard from ______ recently?
A. them
B. they
C. themselves
29. There is _____water in the bottle.
A. many
B. some
C. any
30. There isn’t ______ food left on the table.
A. many
B. few
C. much
31. Sorry, I can’t answer your question. I know ______ abou t the news.
A. a little
B. little
C. few
32. This is his schoolbag, ______ is on the desk.
A. my
B. yours
C. your
33. We made the radio ______.
A. us
B. ourselves
C. myself
34. Would please give me ______ hot tea?
A. one
B. any
C. some
35. --- Would you like some milk in your tea? --- Yes, just _______.
A. a little
B. little
C. a few
36. This question is so difficult that ______ students can answer it.
A. few
B. a few
C. a little
37. They have only _________ homework for Sunday.
A. a little
B. a few
C. little
38. They told us about their school and we told them about_______.
A. ours
B. us
C. our
39. This blue suit looks better than the green ________.
A. ones
B. one
C. suits
40. _________ is your father ,a worker or a teacher?
A. How
B. Which
C. What
<三>数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。

如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 分类：数词有基数词和序数词两种。

英语的数词可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。

基数词：表示数目的词叫基数词。

1、英语中常用的基数词有：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
11
12 one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
twenty
thirty
forty
fifty
sixty
seventy
eighty
ninety
one(a) hundred
23
35
101
twenty-three
thirty-five
one hundred and one
1000→one(a) thousand,10000→ten thousand,100000→one hundred
thousand ,1000000→one million,10000000→ten million, 100000000→one hundred
million,108→one hundred and eight, 146→one hundred and forty-six, 500→five
hundred , 1001→one thousand and one, 1813→one thousand eight hundred and
序数词：英语的序数词基本变法：
(1)一般在基数词后加th,(2)-ve结尾的改为-fth,(3)-ty结尾的改为-tieth,(4)熟记特殊词。

※first
※second ※third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth 13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
thirteenth
fourteenth
fifteenth
sixteenth
seventeenth
eighteenth
nineteenth
20th
30th
40th
50th
60th
70th
80th
90th
100th
twentieth
thirtieth
fortieth
fiftieth
sixtieth
seventieth
eightieth
ninetieth
one
undredth
21st
22nd
23rd
35th
101st
twenty-first
twenty-second
twenty-third
thirty-fifth
one hundred and first
<四>形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。

如：good, right, white, orange .形容词的句法功能:用作表语,定语,宾语补足语,作状语
一、形容词的位置
1. 前置与后置
⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。

如：a big yellow
wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)
⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后。

如：The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算
是合理)
⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。

如：We must try our best to keep our environment
clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)
⑷后置的情况：
①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。

如：Something serious has happened to
him.(他发生了严重的事故)
②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。

如：He’s 1.8 metres
tall.(他身高1.8米。

)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月
球离地38万公里)
2.前置形容词的排列顺序。

口诀：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。

<五>副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。

如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.用作状语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语。

形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级
1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。

原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

2、规则变化:
(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。

a)直接加er,est ：
b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：
c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：
(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.
3、不规则变化:
原级比较级最高级good好的
better更好的best最好的well好；(身体)好的,
bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；
(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的
ill(身体)不舒服的
many许多的(可数)
more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多的(不可数)；非常
little少的less更少的least最少的
far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进一步的(地) furthest最深刻的(地)
形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：
(1)讲述某人/物自身的情况时,用原级。

基本句型是：
主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词+ (very/too/so/quite/rather…) + 形容词/副词原级+….
如：He is very old now. / They ran quite fast. / The weather looks rather bad. / I am so happy!
☆表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型：
主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词+ as + 形容词/副词原级+ as + 第二个人物
+….
如：He is as excited as his younger sister./ Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady./ They picked as many apples as the farmers (did).
☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型：
主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词/副词原级+ as + 第
二个人物+….
如：He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋) / Lily did
not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady. (莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢) /
They didn’t pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did). (他们摘的苹果不如
农民多)
(2) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比较级。

基本句型：
主语(‘A’)+谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+第二
个人物(‘B’)+….
如：A modern train is much faster than a car.(现代的火车比轿车快多了) / This book didn’t cost me more than that one.(这本书花费我的钱不比那本多) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物不及第二个人物时,用比较级。

句型是：
主语(‘A’) + 谓语动词+ less+ (多音节形/副)比较级+ than + 第二个人物(‘B’)
+….
如：I think English is less difficult than maths.(我认为英语不比数学难)/ Do you
think it less important to learn a foreign language?(你认为学外语不那么重要
吗？)
(3)讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个时,用最高级。

句型是：
主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词+(the) +形容词/副词最高级+in / of ….
如：The Changjiang River is the longest in China.
He jumped (the) highest of the three (boys).
专项练习题：
1.Which does Jimmy like _______, Chinese or art?
A. well
B. best
C. better
D. much
2. The Changjiang River is one of ______ in the world.
A. the longest river
B. The more
C. the longest rivers
D. longer river
3. ______ of the two women is Mrs Brown.
A. The beautiful
B. The more beautiful
C. More beautiful
D. The most beautiful
4. My mooncake is nicer _______ his.
A. like
B. with
C. for
D. than
5. You are fatter than _______.
A. he
B. his
C. him
D. he is tall
6. He jumps _______ of the three.
A. far
B. further
C. farthest
D. furthest
7. My hair is longer than _______.
A. my sister
B. Kate
C. my brother’s
D.Lucys’
8. There is ______ paper here. Please bring some.
A. little
B. less
C. fewer
D. a little
9. The pen is ______ than that one.
A. more cheap
B. cheap
C. much cheaper
D. quite cheaper
10. Tom speaks Chinese _______ better than Jimmy.
A. more
B. very
C. a lot
D. much
11. There are _______ girls in Class 2 than in Class 4.
A. more
B. nicest
C. most
D. best
12. It’s too ______ for you to do that.
A. easy
B. more dangerous
C. harder
D. the easiest
13. Who has ______ apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy?
A. much
B. biggest
C. better
D. the most
14. You have more rulers than me. But ______ are nicer than _______.
A. mine, yours
B. mine, your
C. my, yours
D. my, your
15. Tingting is ______ than Meimei，but Meimei is ______ than Tingting.
A. tall, stronger
B. taller, strongest
C. tallest, strong
D. taller, stronger
16. Mother is _______ in my family.
A. busy
B. busier
C. the busiest
D. more busy
17. There are _______ in the park on Sundays.
A. more children
B. a lot of people
C. much men and women
D. many peoples
18. The dumplings are _______ than the noodles, I think.
A. more nicer
B. much delicious
C. very nice
D. much more delicious
19. She is _______ than me at drawing.
A. better
B. best
C. good
D. harder
20. This blue sweater is too big for me. Will you please show me a ______ one?
A. small
B. smaller
C. the smallest
D. smallest
21. The air in Beijing is getting much ______ now than a few years ago.
A.clean
B. cleaner
C. cleanest
D. the cleanest
22. My cousin has changed a lot. She used to be ______ but now she is tall.
A. short
B. thin
C. pretty
D.heavy
23. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are ______ than before.
A.cheap
B. cheaper
C. cheapest
D. the cheapest
24.— Have you bought that digital camera?
—No, I can’t afford it. The price is a bit ______.
A. low
B. high
C. cheap
D.expensive
25. —Do you like western food?
— No. The food of our country is ______ that of western countries.
A. rather good than
B. much better than
C. more better than
D. not so good as
26.This is _____ that all of us believe it’s very important.
A. such useful information
B. so useful an information
C. so useful information
D. such a useful information
27. — Mum, could I have an MP3 ?
— Certainly, we can buy _____ one, but as good as this.
A. a cheap
B. a cheapest
C. a cheaper
D. the cheapest
28. The harder we work, the ______ result we will get.
A. faster
B. fewer
C. better
D. the cheapest
29. We should keep our eyes ______ while doing eye exercises.
A. close
B. closed
C. open
D. opened
30. Jack doesn't work ____ Tom.
A. as so good
B. so good as
C. so hard as
D. so harder as
31. — Tom is good at drawing. How about Mike?
— Mike is ______, I think. He has got more prizes than Tom.
A. well
B. OK
C. good
D. better
32. He didn't know her address, ____ did I.
A. too
B. also
C. either
D. neither
33.Now more and more Chinese people are ______ enough to buy cars.
A. rich
B. weak
C. poor
D. strong
34. Kate is real ly ______. She’s never angry with others.
A.tall
B. friendly
C. lucky
D. clever
35.She read the book___. And I'll read it___.
A. long before; long before
B. before long; before long
C. before long; long before
D. long before; before long
36 He speaks English___his aunt.
A. as good as
B. as well as
C. as better as
D. as best as
37. Which do you like_____, skating, swimming or fishing?
A. more
B. most
C. better
D. best
38 Who sings___, Rose or Kate?
A. well
B. good
C. better
D. best
39 She writes____than I.
A. more careful
B. much careful
C. much more carefully
D. much carefully
40 The night was very ___, so he had to take off his shoes ___.
A. quiet; quietly
B. quite; quickly
C. late; quick
D. quite; quietly
<六>.冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。

如：a, an, the.
冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a和an的用法，定冠词the的用法和零冠词的用法等。

一.a和an的区别
不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。

例如：a boy, a university, a European country; an hour, an honor, an island, an elephant, an umbrella, an honest man ,a useful book
不看字母看读音,不见原因(元音)别施恩(n)
二.不定冠词的用法
1.泛指某一类人、事或物；相当于any，这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。

A horst is an animal
2.泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。

A girl is waiting for you.
3.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。

I have a computer.
4.表示“每一”，相当于every.
I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。

5.用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。

I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.
6.用在某些固定词组中：
a lot(of), after a while ,a few ,a little ,at a time ,have a swim ,have a cold ,in a hurry ,for a long
time,have a good time ,have a look
三.定冠词的用法
1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。