专四听力训练原文
专四英语听力原文
[ti:Dictation 1 Superstition][00:00.50]Dictation 1 Superstition 迷信[00:05.39]One person in four in Britain is, apparently, superstitious, [00:11.35]and they'll do everything from hanging horseshoes[00:14.58]over their fireplace to crossing their fingers,[00:17.84]touching wood and absolutely never walking under a ladder. [00:22.40]And they're careful about cats.[00:25.58]Black cats are supposed to be the familiars of witches, [00:30.02]so if one is following you it's definitely bad luck[00:34.70]- a witch is after you![00:36.46]On the other hand, if one crosses your path and continues [00:41.17]then it's good luck because it hasn't noticed you.[00:45.15]However, in some places the beliefs are different[00:49.53]- so it pays to know where your black cat comes from! [00:53.36]Old superstitions linger even in today's modern world. [00:59.10]The author Philip Pullman drew on them[01:02.57]in his award winning novel "His Dark Materials".[01:06.78]The novel, which appeals to both children and adults, [01:11.26]has been adapted for radio and also the theatre.[ti:Dictation 2 Graduate Student][00:03.50]Dictation 2 Graduate Student 研究生[00:07.17]Graduate students specialize in a particular field of study. [00:11.77]They study to become experts in this field[00:15.03]and to learn new advances in their fields[00:18.05]while they earn an M.A. or Ph.D.[00:20.88]Sometimes when they get an M. A. in one field[00:24.47]they begin studying another field.[00:26.42]They hope that when they earn their graduate degrees [00:29.02]they will succeed in finding important jobs.[00:31.99]They hope to get jobs that are interesting and high paying. [00:35.74]The life of a graduate student is often difficult.[00:39.11]They are usually too busy studying to make a good living. [00:42.97]Often they have to pay high tuition fees for their education. [00:46.72]Some give up studying before they get their degrees. [00:50.74]But most keep on working at their studies until they graduate. [00:55.01]In today's world, most graduate students[00:58.31]don't regret spending time with their studies.[01:01.13]They are finding that new developments[01:03.46]are occurring in all fields.[01:05.47]For many graduate study has become a necessity.[ti:Dictation 3 April Fool's Day][00:03.00]Dictation 3 April Fool's Day 愚人节[00:05.63]1st April is a day to be careful,[00:08.89]or you could easily get tricked by someone.[00:11.59]It's April Fool's Day,[00:13.82]a day when people traditionally like to try[00:17.18]to make a fool of someone else and laugh at them.[00:20.39]There are lots of theories surrounding the origins of the day, [00:25.02]but one explanation is connected with the change[00:28.67]in the calendar in the 16th century,[00:31.32]which meant that 1st April[00:33.40]was no longer the beginning of the year.[00:36.66]Those who still celebrated the New Y ear[00:39.52]on 1st April were called fools.[00:42.56]So what kind of pranks[00:45.27]do people play on April Fool's Day?[00:47.97]Well, there are lots of simple tricks[00:50.51]that you can play on your friends.[00:53.49]For example, you could wear a black sweater[00:56.41]and pull a piece of white thread through it,[00:58.95]so that people try to pull it off.[01:01.04]Y ou could change the time on someone's alarm clock[01:04.33]so that they're late for work.[ti:Dictation 4 Living Online][00:03.00]Dictation 4 Living Online 网上生活[00:06.10]How do you meet new people, make new friends,[00:09.25]or find out about the latest bands?[00:11.84]Here in the UK young people have traditionally[00:14.66]done their socializing in bars, pubs and clubs.[00:18.12]However, there is a new generation growing up[00:21.58]that finds it easier to manage their social lives on the net, [00:25.24]using free websites like MySpace, Bebo or MSN Spaces. [00:30.88]Welcome to the social networking website[00:34.25]- a place where you can present yourself[00:36.39]to the digital community and meet other like-minded people. [00:40.45]The most successful social networking website[00:43.51]in the UK is .[00:47.07]As of July 2006, MySpace is the world's[00:51.45]fourth most popular English-language website,[00:54.66]attracting almost 3 million visitors per month.[00:58.73]MySpace claims to have 95 million members[01:03.72]with 500,000 new members joining the community each week.[01:08.45]So how has it become so successful?[01:11.86]Perhaps its secret is in its simplicity.[01:15.64]Each new member can build their own page simply[01:19.29]- uploading photos, videos and MP3 files.[ti:Dictation 5 Mother's Day][00:03.50]Dictation 5 Mother's Day 母亲节[00:06.14]Does your mother know how much you appreciate her? [00:09.41]Well, Mother's Day is the time to show her.[00:13.44]It's a chance to say 'thank you',[00:16.19]or to tell your mum how much you love her.[00:18.78]In Britain, Mother's Day, or Mothering Sunday,[00:23.35]falls on a different day each year,[00:26.30]because it takes place a few weeks[00:28.69]before the festival of Easter.[00:30.67]But it is always in the early springtime,[00:33.63]which seems appropriate,[00:35.46]as the season when new plants emerge,[00:37.85]and baby birds and animals are born.[00:40.74]In the USA, Mother's Day takes place a little later, in May, [00:46.54]and many other countries also celebrate[00:49.09]their mothers on different days of the year.[00:51.98]It began many years ago, when children,[00:56.07]especially girls, as young as 10[00:58.57]would live and work away from home[01:01.01]as housemaids and other types of servant.[01:03.80]Mothering Sunday was a day when everyone was allowed [01:08.03]to go to their home village or town, and visit their mothers.[ti:Dictation 6 Online Shopping][00:02.50]Dictation 6 Online Shopping 网上购物[00:05.15]With only two weeks to go before Christmas,[00:08.31]buying presents is a high priority for a lot of people.[00:12.13]However, this year not so many people are leaving their homes [00:16.45]to browse around the shops.[00:18.30]These days lots of people can do their shopping[00:21.46]in the comfort of their own home[00:23.55]with the help of the internet.[00:25.63]Online shopping is becoming more and more popular[00:29.56]for a number of reasons;[00:31.33]prices are often lower online,[00:33.97]you don't have to queue up in busy shops[00:36.56]and you can buy almost any product imaginable[00:39.57]with just a few clicks of your mouse.[00:41.80]Computer trends are often male-dominated[00:45.58]but this year women are expected to do[00:47.72]more shopping on the internet than men.[00:50.66]It seems women are now more attracted to[00:53.88]the convenience of online shopping than they used to be.[00:56.67]A verage spending online this Christmas by women will rise to 240 pounds [01:03.73]compared to the slightly lower average of 233 pounds for men.[ti:Dictation 7 Reality TV][00:03.50]Dictation 7 Reality TV 真实电视[00:05.91]The latest fashion on British TV is Reality TV.[00:11.15]Reality TV means that shows follow and film[00:15.31]ordinary people in an artificial situation.[00:18.47]This could be at work, or in some kind of competition.[00:22.65]One of the first and most popular Reality TV shows[00:27.73]is Big Brother.[00:29.10]In this show, 15 complete strangers[00:32.77]have to live together in a house for 11 weeks.[00:36.23]They are filmed 24 hours a day, and shown on television.[00:40.95]Each week, the viewers vote to evict[00:43.85]one of the housemates.[00:46.44]Finally, only one is left,[00:48.68]and they win the prize money![00:50.66]The show was an instant hit,[00:53.34]and runs in several countries.[00:55.47]The housemates often become stars as a result of the show,[00:59.40]and appear in national newspapers and on other shows.[01:03.06]Another very popular show is[01:05.95]I'm a Celebrity - Get Me Out Of Here![01:09.15]In this show, 10 celebrities[01:12.05]have to complete tasks each week,[01:14.64]such as eating insects.[ti:Dictation 8 School][00:03.50]Dictation 8 School 学校[00:05.66]September is traditionally the end of summer[00:09.18]and the beginning of autumn in the UK.[00:11.77]It is also the month when children go back to school[00:15.64]after their long summer holidays.[00:17.83]There are two types of school in England.[00:20.55]State-run schools are paid for by the government,[00:23.64]so are free to attend.[00:25.53]Independent Schools are private,[00:27.92]which means you have to pay to attend.[00:30.17]The school day usually starts at 9 in the morning[00:34.65]and finishes around 4,[00:36.48]with breaks for lunch of course![00:38.81]In many schools, you have to wear a uniform too.[00:42.42]Children start school when they are 5 years old.[00:45.52]This is called primary school,[00:47.96]and lasts until the child is 11[00:50.51]when he or she will go on to senior school.[00:53.11]Secondary school is compulsory[00:56.20]from 11 until 16 years of age.[00:58.91]At 16, students take national examinations called GCSE's. [01:03.95]After this, students can stay at school for another 2 years [01:08.27]and take A Level examinations.[ti:Dictation 9 The Modern Family][00:04.00]Dictation 9 The Modern Family 现代家庭[00:06.38]Father leaves for work in the morning after breakfast. [00:10.47]The two children take the bus to school,[00:13.56]and mother stays home cooking and cleaning[00:16.70]until father and the kids return home in the evening. [00:20.45]This is the traditional picture[00:23.02]of a happy family living in Britain.[00:25.88]The past 20 years have seen enormous changes[00:30.18]in the lives and structure of families in Britain.[00:33.46]The biggest change has been caused by divorce.[00:37.46]As many as 2 out of 3 marriages now end in divorce, [00:42.38]leading to a situation[00:44.30]where many children live with one parent[00:47.18]and only see the other at weekends or holidays.[00:50.48]There has also been a huge rise[00:53.92]in the number of women with children who work.[00:56.76]The large rise in divorces has meant[01:00.01]many women need to work[01:01.84]to support themselves and their children.[01:04.59]Even when there is no divorce,[01:07.01]many families need both parents to work in order to survive.[ti:Dictation 10 Mid-Autumn Festival][00:03.00]Dictation 10 Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节[00:05.68]On 25th September this year, people all over China[00:10.01]will be getting together to eat with their families,[00:13.20]look at the moon and celebrate one of the biggest festivals [00:16.40]in the Chinese lunar calendar.[00:18.29]However, the celebrations stretch[00:20.64]far beyond the borders of China.[00:23.05]Here in the UK[00:24.27]events are taking place for Chinese people living here, [00:27.53]and to teach the people of Britain[00:29.52]more about this popular festival.[00:31.85]The Soho Theatre in London conducted a study[00:35.61]which showed that Chinese Londoners[00:37.64]don't engage much with the arts world.[00:40.55]As a result, 'Moon walking In China[00:43.50]has been created to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival. [00:46.60]This is no normal theatre production though,[00:49.85]as it doesn't take place in the theatre.[00:52.46]Theatre professionals and volunteers from the local community [00:56.11]will take audiences around the streets of Soho[00:59.11]on a magical lantern-lit walk[01:01.36]through the landmarks and backstreets of Chinatown.。
英语专四听力原文试题及答案
英语专四听力原文试题及答案2017年英语专四听力原文试题及答案读书是易事,思索是难事,但两者缺一,便全无用处。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年英语专四听力原文试题及答案,希望能给大家带来帮助!听力原文part Ⅱ dictationsalmonevery year, millions of salmon swim from the ocean into the mouths of rivers and then steadily up the rivers. passing through waters, around rocks and waterfalls, the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes. they dig out nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. then, exhausted by their journey, the parent salmon die. they have finished the task that nature has given them. months, or years later, the young fish start their trip to the ocean. they live in the salt water from 2-7 years, until they, too are ready to swim back to reproduce. their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food-fish. when the adult salmon gather at the river mouths for the annual trip up the rivers, they are in the best possible condition, and nearly every harbor has its salmon fishing fleet ready to catch thousands for markets.?now, you have two minutes to check through your work.part Ⅲ listening comprehensionin sections a, b and c, you will hear everything once only. listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.section a statementin this section, you will hear seven statements. at the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer thequestion.1. you must relax. don't work too hard. and do watch your drinking and smoking.2.we hadn't quite expected the committee to agree to rebuild the hospital, so we were taken aback when we got to know that it had finally agreed.3.the coach leaves the station every 20 minutes. it's 9:15 now, and you have to wait for five minutes for the next one.4.perhaps jane shouldn't have got married in the first place. no one knows what she might have been doing now, but not washing up. that's for sure!5.i happen to be working on a similar project at the moment.i am only too pleased to help you.6.the man arrived for the ceremony with patched jackets and faded jeans that the average person would save for mowing the lawn in his garden at the weekend.7.mark! here you are! this is the last place in the world i would have expected to find you.section b conversationin this section you will hear 10 short conversations between two speakers. at the end of each conversation, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.8. w: i couldn't stand this morning. my right leg went stiff.m: i'm afraid it's probably a side-effect from the drugs i put you on.9. w: how did your writing go this morning? is the book coming along alright?m: i'm not sure. i think the rest of it will be difficult to write.10. w: is there anything you can do to make the cold go away more quickly?m: no, there isn't. and a cold isn't really serious enough for a visit to a doctor.11. w: look! what have i got here!m: oh. so you did go to that bookstore!12. m: excuse me. has there been an emergency?w: oh, no sir. there's just a storm, so the plane will leave a little later this afternoon.13. w: i wish i hadn't hurt linda's feeling like that yesterday. you know i never meant to.m: the great thing about linda is that she doesn't hold any grudges. by tomorrow she'll have forgotten all about it.14. m: my grades are not bad, but not good enough. i knowi didn't study at all this semester. now i have to work very hard next semester to keep my scholarship.w: i'll see you in the library, then.15. w: i'll wear this blue jacket for the evening. i like the color on me, don't you think?m:i think it looks terrific on you-really!16. w: do you know that sam turned down that job offer bya travel agency?m: yeah. the hours were convenient, but had he accepted it, he wouldn't have been able to make ends meet.17. w: at the rate it is being used, the printer is not going to make it through the rest of the year.m: the year? it is supposed to be good for four!section c news broadcastquestions 18 and 19 are based on the following news. at the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. now listen to the news.the u.n resolution calls for greater international intelligenceand law enforcement cooperation. and it requires states to change their banking laws in order to police the global network of terrorisms financiers. it makes providing funds for terror activities a criminal offence and would freeze bank accounts of those who sponsor terrorism.questions 20 and 21 are based on the following news. at the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. now listen to the news.a police spokesman said the devices were made safe by explosive experts in the ardorn district, where a woman was shot in the leg and 13 police officers were injured during a second successive night of violence. northern ireland's police chief had earlier called on community leaders to work together to end the violence. the violence has erupted sporadically throughout a summer of sectarian tension in northern belfast.question 22 is based on the following news. at the end of the news item you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. now listen to the news.airlines are being hit with huge increases to ensure their planes after the terrorist attacks in the united states. goshork insurance holdings, which ensures aircraft around the world, said rates had soared as much as 10 fold since the september 11th terror attacks. airlines around the world have cut services and dismissed staff as their business has plunged in the wake of the crisis. they are also struggling with increased security costs.questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. at the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. now listen to the news.a pakistani lawyer said the resumption of the trial of eight foreign aid workers accused of preaching christianity inafghanistan has been put off until sunday. he had met earlier saturday with the aid workers, 2 americans, 2 australians, and 4 germans. they insist they were in afghanistan to help the poor, not to convert them. the penalty for these captured aid workers could range from expulsion to a jail term and death sentence.question 25 is based on the following news. at the end of the news item you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. now listen to the news.on the 20th anniversary of the first official report on aids, the head of the united nations aids program warns that the deadly disease may only be at its early stages in many parts of the world. dr. piu said the disease has already reached staggering proportions since first being identified in 1981. 58 million people worldwide have contracted the hiv virus, which causes aids, while 22 million have died from related illnesses. the un estimates the world's hiv positive population at 36 million, including 25 million in sub-saharan africa.international officials warn the disease will have disastrous political, social, and economic consequences in many developing countries.this is the end of listening comprehension.答案与详解part Ⅰ writingsection a compositionthe importance of keeping a good moodpeople in modern society live under a lot of pressure. i see three kinds of pressure working on people today: pressure from education, family and career. it is easy to blame the school for charging too much money, the family members for the heavy burden, the society for the fierce competition. i think peopleshould relax. it is important for them to keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.long gone are the days when people lived their life with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of activities-film, music, art, poetry. but now, a lot of people suffer from a lot of pressure. they can't communicate well with co-workers and family members, and have unbalanced, one-dimensional lives. some people complain of symptoms of stress, for instance, loss of appetite, a complete sense of exhaustion, insomnia and low morale. thus have destructive effect on their health. people tend to lose temper easily, and this may interfere personal relationship. what's more, a high rate of suicide may warn people of their emotional well-beingto be a healthy person physically and psychologically, one should keep a good mood, according to some psychology experts. those little things may seem relatively insignificant-reading mystery novels, playing volleyball, spending time with family and friends, maintaining your emotional well-being, getting plenty of rest, going fishing. they can help you keep a good mood.??section b note-writingoct. 18, 2003dear clare,thank you for inviting me to your house-warming party this weekend. but i'm afraid i couldn't go there, because i have an important business appointment on that day. i saw some pictures of your new house, which is so cozy and comfortable. i sincerely hope that you have a good day.yours,gou mingpart iii listening comprehensionsection a statement1. 答案:d【问句译文】关于听者哪一句是不对的?【试题分析】本题为细节题。
专四halloween听力原文
专四halloween听力原文专四Halloween听力原文Part OneJohn: Hey, Mary, do you have any plans for Halloween this year?Mary: No, not yet. What are you thinking?John: Well, I heard that the downtown area is going to have a big festival on Halloween night. They're going to have food trucks, live music, and even a haunted house.Mary: That sounds like a lot of fun! I'd love to go.John: Great! We can meet up at the festival and enjoy all the festivities together.Part TwoAnnouncer: Good evening, folks! Welcome to the annual Halloween festival in downtown. We have some great food trucks lined up for you tonight, so make sure you try everything. And don't forget about our haunted house – if you're brave enough to enter!Musician: (playing guitar and singing) This next one is called "WerewolfHowl" – it's perfect for Halloween!Crowd: Whoo-hoo!Part ThreeHaunted House Host: Welcome to the haunted house, brave souls. Are you ready to enter?Teen 1: I don't know, man. This looks pretty creepy.Teen 2: Oh, come on. It can't be that scary.Haunted House Host: (laughs) You're about to find out! Enter if you dare...(Sounds of screaming and eerie music)Part FourJohn: (laughing) That was so scary!Mary: (breathing heavily) I know, right? My heart is still racing.John: Did you see that ghost that popped out of nowhere?Mary: Yes, and that creepy clown with the red balloon.John: (shudders) Let's grab some food – I need to calm down.Part FiveAnnouncer: Ladies and gentlemen, it's time for our costume contest. Our judges will be walking around to check out everyone's costumes, so make sure you show off your best Halloween outfit.Judge 1: Wow, that's a fantastic zombie costume!Judge 2: And look at that little girl – she's dressed up as a tiny witch.Judge 3: I love the creativity of that guy in the inflatable dinosaur costume.Announcer: And the winner of our costume contest is...the guy in the inflatable dinosaur costume! Congratulations, sir!Part SixJohn: Well, that was a great Halloween festival.Mary: Absolutely. I loved all the food and music, and that haunted house was definitely a highlight.John: Speaking of highlights, I have to say the inflatable dinosaur guy was my favorite part.Mary: (laughs) Yeah, he was pretty awesome. Overall, it was a fantastic Halloween night. I can't wait for next year's festival.。
Sunbed专四听力原文
Sunbed专四听力原文The Future of SunbedsSunbeds – they used to be all the rage, especially for those wanting a tan all year round. But in recent years, their popularity has declined, and for good reason. Sunbeds have been linked to an increased risk of skin cancer, premature aging, and even eye damage. As a result, many countries have implemented stricter regulations or even banned the use of sunbeds altogether. So what does the future hold for sunbeds?Well, there are some who believe that sunbeds could make a comeback in the future, but in a safer and more regulated form. One possible technology that may be developed is the use of UV-free tanning beds. These beds would use a different type of light, such as LED lights, to simulate the effects of the sun without the harmful UV rays. This would greatly reduce the risk of skin cancer and premature aging, while still providing a tan. In fact, some salons already offer these UV-free tanning beds as a safer alternative to traditional sunbeds.Another possibility for the future of sunbeds is the use of virtual reality. This technology would allow users to experience the sensation of being in the sun, without actually being exposed to any harmful rays. By wearing a virtual reality headset and using special UV-blocking goggles, people could enjoy the warmth and relaxation of the sun without any of the risks. Virtual reality sunbeds could become a popular option for those who miss the experience of lying in the sun but want to protect their skin.Of course, there will always be those who argue that sunbeds should be eliminated altogether, regardless of any safety advancements. They believe that a healthy tan can be achieved through natural exposure to the sun without the need for artificial means. They also point out that sunbeds can be addictive, leading to excessive and potentially dangerous tanning habits. Additionally, the cost of developing and implementing safer sunbed technology may be too high for many salons and individuals.In conclusion, the future of sunbeds is uncertain. While advancements in technology may make sunbeds safer and more appealing to some, there will always be concerns about the potential health risks and costs involved. Ultimately, it is up to individuals to weigh the benefits and risks before deciding whether or not to use sunbeds.。
专四听力练习原文[新版]
专四听力训练原文专业四级标准听写二十篇TEM 4 Dictation PracticesPassage 1 SaltWe do not know when man first began to use salt, / but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout history. / Historical evidence shows, for example, that people who lived over 3,000 years ago ate slated fish. / Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to preserve the dead. /Stealing salt was considered a major crime during some periods of history. / In 18th century, for instance, / if a person was caught stealing salt, he can be put in jail. / History records that about ten thousand people were put in jail during that century for stealing salt. / About 150 years before, in the year 1553, / taking more salt that one was allowed to was punishable as a crime. / The offender’s ear was cut off.Salt was an important item on the table of royalty. / It was traditionally placed in front of the king when he sat down to eat. / Important guests at the king’s table were seated near the salt. / Less important guests were given seats farther away from it. / (175 words)Passage 2 PerceptionsAsk three people to look out of the same window at a busy street and tell you what they see. / Probably you will receive three different answers. / Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it. /Perceiving goes in our minds. / Of the three people who look out of the window / one may say that he sees a policeman giving a driver a ticket. / Another may say that he sees a rush –hour traffic jam at the street corner. / The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children. / For perception is the mind’s interpretation / of what the senses – in this case our eyes – tell us. /Many psychologists today are working to try to explain / just how a person experiences or perceive the world around him. / Using a scientific method these psychologists set up experiments: / they are trying to find out what makes different people / perceive totally different things about the same scene. / (164 words)Passage 3 BalloonsBalloons have been used for sport for about one hundred years. / There are two kinds of sport balloons: gas and hot air. / Hot air balloons are safer than gas balloons, / which may catch fire. / Hot air balloons are preferred by most balloonists in theUnited States because of their safety. / They are also cheaper and easier to manager than gas balloons. / Despite the ease of operating a balloon, / pilots must watch the weather carefully. / Sport balloon flights are best early in the morning / or late in the afternoon, when the wind is light. / Over the years, balloonists have tried unsuccessfully to cross the Atlantic. / It wasn't until 1978 that three American balloonists succeeded. / It took them just six days to make the trip / from their homes in the United States to Paris, France. / Their voyage captured the imagination of the whole world. / (143 words)Passage 4 You Found a Job, Now How do You Save Money?Saving your hard earned money can be difficult, / as most of us enjoy spending rather than saving, / I certainly had a tough time holding onto my money every payday. / When I got my first few paychecks, / right away I spent the cold, hard cash I’d earned by hard work. /But I quickly realized that this sort of spending wouldn’t really help me get the things I wanted. / So I made a pact with myself. I promise that before I did anything with the money, / I would deposit at least 50% of the money into my saving account. / That way, I eliminated the temptation to spend that money. /After I got used to saving my money, / it was much easier for me not to be tempted to buy things when I saw them. / WhenI saw a CD or video game that looked appealing, / I learned to ask myself, “Do I really need this?” / Asking this question helped me appreciate my money and not let it slip out of my wallet quite so fast. / (173 words)Passage 5 Online Health ForumThere are many aspects to health, illness and healing. / Among all the teachings there is one theme that is universal to them all / and that is the unquestionable benefit achieved by communicating with others about health and its related issues. / It is with this single philosophy in mind / that we have developed this site as a forum for communication. / Dealing with a medical concern is often difficult. / Connecting with others who are going through the same thing / can make a world of difference. / Our mission is to develop online communities to help you make those connections. / You can post questions, comments and respond to messages from others. / We’ve got various topics, and we’re adding more all the time. / If you don’t see the topic you are looking for, / just let us know and we will consider a message board for it. / We hope you decide to become a regular participant / and help to make this a great resource. / (158 words)Passage 6 WordsHow men first learn to invent words is unknown, / in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. / All we really knowthat is men, unlike animals, / somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, / actions and things, so that they can communicate with each other; / and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, / which could be represent those sounds, and which could be written down. / Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, wer call words. / The power of words, then lies in their associations, / that is, the things they bring up before our minds. / Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; / and the longer wer live, the more we reminded of the glad and sad events / of our past by certain words wer read and learn, / the more the number of the words / that means something to us increase. / (149 words)Passage 7 Teacher-student RelationshipThe relationship between a teacher and a student can be either good or bad, helpful or harmful. / Either way, the relationship can affect the student for the rest of his life. / A good teacher-student relationship will make the teacher’s job worthwhile. / A bad relationship can discourage the student from learning / and make teaching an unpleasant task. /In order to have a good teacher-student relationship, / respect between teacher and student is very important. / If the teacher is too strict, he frightens the student. / If the teacher is too friendly, the student may become lazy and stop lear ning hard. / The teacher’s attitude and approach shouldbe in between those two extremes. / As for the student, his proper respect to the teacher must be shown all the time. / He should be eager to learn and willing to work hard. /In conclusion, a good teacher-student relationship can be beneficial to both. / The student absorbs knowledge eagerly and enjoyable, / and the teacher gains satisfaction from his work. / (163 words)Passage 8 NearsightednessWeak eyesight is a term that is generally used to refer to nearsighted eyes. / People who are nearsighted can see well at a short range, / but anything very far away is likely to be unclear. / The term “weak eyesight” is misleading, / for in nearsighted eyes the lens of the eye is actually too strong. / The nearsighted lens is so powerful that it focuses the light coming onto the eye so quickly. / Nearsightedness is common, and its growth may be graded; / often the unclearness of distant object is so slight at first / that a person may not recognize the condition. /Nearsightedness is frequently discovered first at school. / It is here that a student first realizes the difficulty of seeing words on the blackboard, / whereas others in the class have no trouble reading the blackboard at all. / After discovery, nearsightedness can easily be corrected. / You just needs a pair of glasses / which can decrease the power of the lens of theeye. / (161 words)Passage 9 Rice CookingRice is very much under appreciated in the United States. / With the exception of Asian cooking, / rice is usually a side dish or combined with other ingredients. / Rice is very nutritious, low cost and easy-to prepare food. / There are different types of rice available and the cooking time varies by type of rice. / Follow the package instructions for the amount of liquid necessary and the cooking times. / Both vary for each type of rice. / Regular white rice has been milled / to remove the hull comes in long, medium and short grains. / Long grained rice is the best for all-purpose use. / Brown rice has a pleasant nutty flavor and a firmer texture. / While white rice is cooked in about 15 minutes, / brown rice takes 45 to 50 minutes to cook. / When cooking rice do not be concerned if you have cooked rice left over. / There are some excellent recipes, which use cooked rice. / (151 words)Passage 10 First Sign of AIDSThe virus causing AIDS enters the blood and quickly penetrates certain white cells in the body. / At first there is often little or no trace of the virus at all. / This situation usually lasts for six to twelve weeks. / During this time the person is free of symptoms / and antibody tests are negative. / The first thing that happens after infection / is that many people develop a flue-like illness. / This may be severe enoughto look like glandular fever / with swollen glands in the neck and armpits, / tiredness, fever and night sweats. / Some of those white cells are dying, / virus is being released, / and for the first time the body is working hard to make correct antibodies. / At this stage the blood test will usually become positive. / Most people do not realize what is happening, / although when they later develop AIDS they look back / and remember it clearly. / Most people have produce antibodies in about twelve weeks. / (156 words)Passage 11 The Library of CongressThe Library of Congress is the national library of the United States. / It was founded in 1800 to serve the needs of the congressmen. / Today, it contains books, articles and documents on every subject imaginable. / Besides senators, congressmen and other government officials, / it serves libraries, researchers, artists and scientists throughout the country and the world. /The Library is one of the largest libraries in the world. / It has a collection of 74 million items which are housed in three buildings. / The bookshelves stretch for 350 miles. / Of the 18 million books, more than half are in languages other than English. /The main reading room is a great hall of marble pillars. / It is the center of activity in the library. / There is a computer catalog center with six terminals for quick access toinformation. / For greater speed and efficiency, / the library has installed an electric book –carrying system / that carries books from one building to another in only a few seconds. / (160 words)Passage 12 A Car Soccer RaceAmerican football is different from the European football / and some people think that it is better. / Now there’s a new kind of football or soccer which is played in America. / It’s called car soccer. / The players drive small cars, which are called Beetles. / The players try to catch the ball in their cars. / The cars are protected all since they often crash into each other. / The ball is larger than the usual one and the players are protected, too. / In 1985, the First European car soccer match took place in West Germany. / Teams from some countries in European played in the match. / The Beetles raced around the ground madly / while the spectators shouted “The ball is behind you”. / When the match ended, three cars had been crashed into pieces. / And the players as well as many of the spectators were badly hurt and had to be taken to hospital. / Will this car soccer become as popular as football? I doubt. / (160 words)Passage 13 Changes of Family LifeThe concept of family life has changed considerably over the years. / In earliest times, several generations lived togetherin clans, / which consisted of all living descendents and their husbands or wives. / These clans were almost totallyself-sufficient, / every member contributing in some way toward the survival of the group. / The men hunted and fished for food or sometimes maintained flocks of sheep or goats. / The women baked bread and roasted the meat their men provided. / Special members of the community were selected to make products like pottery, baskets and home weapons. / But with the development of greater varieties of food, clothing and shelter, / a single clan could no longer develop all the individual skills the group required. / Clans merged into larger societies and at the same time broke into smaller units consisting of married couples and their children. / Later the Industrial Revolution brought about even more important changes in family life. / New inventions brought shorter working hours for men and easier housekeeping routines for women. / Today a productive family life suggests not the group’s cooperative efforts of working together, / but the pleasant and meaningful sharing of its leisure. / (185 words)Passage 14 VitaminsIt was not until the beginning of this century that it was recognized / that certain substances were essential in the diet to prevent or cure some diseases. / These substances are now known as vitamins. / They are vital for growth, good health, / and maintenance of the normal functions of the body. / A well-balanced diet should provide all the vitamins we normally require. / Those of us who are fortunate enough to be able to buy sufficient food / should not suffer from vitamin deficiency./ However, for various reasons, / some people do not maintain a balanced diet. / People often lose their appetite because of illness. / People living alone may not bother to eat proper meals, / and people on a diet may not eat sufficient quantities of necessary foods. / Moreover, modern methods of preserving, freezing, and long-term storage of food, / together with overcooking, can destroy many of the vitamins. / (145 words)Passage 15 CometsIn recent years scientists’ investigation of comets has increased / because of growing interest in the origin of the sun and planets. / Scientists want to learn how comets are formed. / They think that such information will help explain the origin of the solar system. / The word “comet” comes from Greek and means “hairy object”. / In history comets have a special place. / People believed that they brought news of death, destruction or military victories. / The tails of comets provide viewers with spectacular sights at night. / Comet tails are millions of kilometers long. / The tails frequently reach lengths of 250 million kilometers and more. / The most famous comet of history is called Halley’s Comet, which appears every 76 years. / It was named for Edward Halley, a British astronomer. / He predicted the appearance of the comet in 1758, 16 years after his deat h. / Halley’s Comet is extremely bright and has two tails. / In the 20th century it returned in 1910 and 1986. / (159 words)Passage 16 Mobile Phone EtiquetteThe mobile phone has created a new way of life. / It gives us the opportunity to reach people when and wherever we like. / But when mobile phones become as commonplace as wristwatches, / it seems they are creating embarrassing situations. / People let their phones ring in restaurants, theaters or business meetings. / People loudly discuss very personal issues over their phones while strangers are around them. / People spend all their time in the presence of friends / paying more attention to those at the other end of their mobile phones. / By now, everyone knows that mobile phone etiquette is a real problem. / These are tips for being a good mobile citizen. / Firstly, remember to check your phone is off at activities. / Secondly, respect the people around you when you make or take calls in public. / Thirdly, don’t answer your c ell phone while talking with another person / unless that phone call is more important than the person you are with. / Follow these rules and you’ll be a responsible mobile phone user by being considerate to others.Passage 17 Reduce, Reuse and RecycleIn recent years there has been an increase awareness of the importance of recycling. / The three Rs to keep in mind / for a cleaner environment are: reduce, reuse, and recycle. / Reducing is the best way to protect the environment. / However, if you can’t reduce something, reuse it and if you can’t reuse it, recycle it. / Reducing waste means shopping with the environment in mind. / Consider the environmental impact ofeach product before you buy it. / Make a list of what you need before you go shopping; / this will reduce impulse buying. / Avoid buying things that can’t be recycled. / Learning to reuse is easy after a little practice. / For example, you can reuse shopping bags. / Buy durable, high quality goods for a longer life outside the landfill. / Although durable goods may cost a little more at first, / they will save your money and help save the environment in the long run. / Before throwing anything away, think about how each item can be reused. / (162 words)Passage 18 Mercy KillingSome people hold that for patients with painful and terminal disease mercy killing is a solution, / for it will allow them to die a peaceful death and it seems to benefit everybody: / the patients themselves, their relatives, the medical staff, / and the patients who are waiting for hospital beds. / But mercy killing is still a controversial issue. / Those who are strongly against it hold / that the possibility of abuse will expose sick people to all kinds of danger. / At present, many societies and organization have been formed in the world to promote mercy killing / but in no country has it been legalized. / However, in the Netherlands the society and the courts tend to tolerate doctor-assisted suicide / if strict criteria are met. / In 1995 about 2.3% of all Dutch deaths, or 3118 cases, / were attributed to mercy killing by government studies. / A few cases of mercy killing are also reported in the U.S. / although the majority of the public are against it. / (161 words)Passage 19 WorryWorry is like blood pressure. / You need a certain level to live, but too much can kill you. / People who worry too much suffer. / For all their hard work, for all their humor and willingness to laugh at themselves, / for all theirself-awareness, worries just cannot achieve peace of mind. / Worry is amazingly common. / At least one in four of us –about 65 million Americans / –will meet the criteria for an anxiety disorder at some point in our lifetime. / Even those individuals whose lives are going well / may worry excessively on occasion. / And yet, worry is a very treatable condition. / Most people today are not aware of all that we have learned about worry in the last 50 years. / We’ve come to understand different types of worry and the underlying triggers. / Worry may accompany simple shyness, depression of generalized anxiety disorder. / Each kind of worry responds to specific and powerful techniques. / (151 words)Passage 20 The Attitude of GratitudeThanksgiving Day is a day for giving thanks to family and friends in the United States. / Some people think Thanksgiving is the most important holiday of the year / because they believe the two most important words in the English are “thank you”. / For business success, a “thank you” tells a prospect or partner / that you are appreciative of what he has just done. / And that means you have an interest in that person / and the business relationship as well. / For social interaction,expressing gratitude is equally important to show / how you value the other person and the social relationship you have with him. / Therefore, “thank you” is a bonding phrase. / Additionally, giving thanks is most important for out own pursuit of happiness. / Whatever you have, you can either appreciate of not. / If you appreciate it and really notice that you have it, it will bring you happiness. / However, if you take it for granted, and focus on things you don’t have, / what you do have won’t bring you hap piness. / (169 words)。
halloween专四听力原文
对于英语专四考生来说,听力部分一直是备考的重点之一,而Halloween主题作为英语专四听力考试的一部分,也是备考中需要重点关注的内容之一。
下面将为大家带来一篇关于Halloween专四听力的原文,希望能够帮助大家更好地备考。
1. Halloween专四听力原文2. Good morning, everyone. Today we are going to talk about Halloween. Halloween is a holiday celebrated on the night of October 31st. It originated from the ancient Celtic festival of Samh本人n, when people would light bonfires and wear costumes to ward off ghosts. In the 8th century, Pope Gregory III designated November 1st as a time to honor all s本人nts. The evening before was known as All Hallows' Eve, and later, Halloween. Over time, Halloween evolved into a day of activities like trick-or-treating, carving jack-o-lanterns, festive gatherings, and wearing costumes.3. For many people, Halloween is a fun time of year, but for others, it's a time of superstition and fear. While some people enjoy dressing up in costumes and attending parties, others avoid anything related to Halloween because of its scary imagery. Black cats, spiders, bats, and witches are allmonsymbols of Halloween, and many people believe they are related to evil and dark forces. However, for most people, Halloween is simply a time to have fun and enjoy the festivities.4. In recent years, Halloween has g本人ned popularity in many countries around the world, not just in its country of origin, the United States. In places like the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, Halloween is celebrated with costume parties, haunted houses, and the traditional trick-or-treating for children. In fact, in some countries, Halloween has be more popular than some traditional holidays. This globalization of Halloween has brought about new and creative ways of celebrating the holiday, as well as new opportunities for businesses to capitalize on themercial aspects of the holiday.5. So, whether you love or hate Halloween, there's no denying its impact on popular culture and its ability to bring people together in celebration. From its ancient origins to its modern-day festivities, Halloween will continue to be a significant holiday for people all around the world.6. That's all for today's discussion. I hope you have g本人ned a better understanding of Halloween and its cultural significance.Thank you for listening.以上就是关于Halloween专四听力原文的内容。
pressing oil from seeds专四听力原文
pressing oil from seeds专四听力原文Pressing Oil from SeedsOil is separated from seeds by using pressure.A machine called a press is often used.The first step in pressing the oil from seeds is to crush the seeds between two stones.A cloth container or bag is filled with the crushed seeds.Then the bag is hung up.Some of the oil will flow out of the bag and can be collected.But some oil will remain in the crushed seeds inside the bag.The easiest way to get the rest of the oil out is to place heavy rocks on the crushed material.Another method is to place several cloth bags on top of each other in a box.Then a long wooden stick is used to slowly push a heavy cover down on the bags.Great pressure is produced in this way.Much greater pressure can be produced by using a machine.The greater the pressure, the more oil will be produced. 译文:用种子榨油把油从种子里挤压出来,需要借助一定的外力。
commuting专四听力原文
commuting专四听力原文示例文章篇一:《我眼中的通勤之旅》我每天早上都会看到好多大人去上班,他们的通勤就像是一场特别的冒险。
我就想啊,这通勤到底是个啥样的事儿呢?我邻居叔叔是在城里的写字楼上班的。
他每天早上起来,那表情就像是要去打一场大战似的。
他先是急匆匆地吃几口早饭,然后就拎着他那个大大的公文包出门了。
我有一次问他:“叔叔,你上班为啥这么急呀?”叔叔叹口气说:“小宝贝啊,通勤可不容易呢。
我得先走到公交站,要是错过了那趟早班车,上班就可能迟到,迟到了老板可是要扣钱的。
”我似懂非懂地点点头。
我还听妈妈说过她朋友阿姨的通勤故事。
阿姨住得离公司有点远,她每天要先坐地铁,再转公交车。
地铁里人多得像罐头里的沙丁鱼,挤得满满当当的。
阿姨说:“每次在地铁里,我都感觉自己快喘不过气来了。
周围都是人,大家都面无表情,就像一个个机器人一样。
”我就想啊,那多难受呀。
我在学校里课间休息的时候,教室外的走廊可比这宽敞多了,大家还能跑来跑去玩耍呢。
有一次,我跟着爸爸去他单位玩。
爸爸开车通勤,路上那车多得像蚂蚁搬家一样。
爸爸一边小心翼翼地开车,一边还跟我说:“你看,这么多车都在往自己的目的地赶呢。
这路上就像是一个大的赛场,大家都不想落后。
”我看着车窗外那些匆匆而过的车辆和行人们,心想这通勤就像是一场没有硝烟的战争,每个人都在努力地争取不迟到,能按时到达自己的工作或者学习的地方。
我的老师也跟我们讲过她的通勤经历。
老师住得离学校不算太远,她有时候会选择骑自行车来学校。
老师说:“骑自行车的时候,我能看到路边的小花小草,还能感受到清晨的微风,那感觉可舒服了。
不过要是下雨或者下雪天,就有点麻烦了,路滑还得小心别摔倒。
”我就想象着老师在小路上骑着自行车,旁边有五颜六色的小花,就像一幅美丽的画。
而下雨天呢,就像是有个调皮的小怪兽出来捣乱了。
在我看来,通勤虽然很辛苦,但也像是生活中的一段独特旅程。
大人们在这个过程中会遇到各种各样的情况,就像我们在学校里会遇到不同的挑战一样。
preparingfortests专四听力原文
preparingfortests专四听力原文听力原文: Good morning everybody.The topic of today’s lecture is preparing for tests.(1)You need to understand the importance of tests,the best methods of preparation,the common sense required for both a physical and mental approach to them,how to read instructions and questions correctly,and how to answer the way the tests or teacher expect you to answer.This is one of the most valuable psychological benefits that can come from your education.People have different attitudes towards tests.(2)Do you ever consider the tests or examinations as a personal battle which the teacher wages in an attempt to defeat you or do you see it as a contest in which one tries to outwit the other?The difference in attitude can be seen in the difference between two questions:Why did you take off points on this question and What should I have included that I did not.Another attitude that you should avoid is that of fear (3)Fear of taking a test results in tension and disturbed thinking.Students who are afraid start in a state of confusion and disorder.Thus they throw away the advantages they have gotten by preparation.Students who approach tests with fear are almost always characterized by the following:Their grade is considerablylower than their daily recitation grades.sometimes as much as twenty points lower.They complain about the teacher-insufficient explanation,lack of detailed review,etc.(4)They find fault with the test materials-too long,not the type of questions expected and studied for,didn’t understand the wording of questions.Fear drives these students to study for the test with another student.(5)A third attitude is wholly positive.It is the attitude of challenge,self-confidence,and content-reliability(6)This attitude requires the relationship between student and teacher,and question and answer,always to be one of cooperative production rather than competitive destruction.(7)To adopt an attitude of challenge andself-confidence towards tests and examinations you must first understand the real purposes of tests.(8)First the motivation.From the student’s point of view,the first reason for tests is motivation Few of us are self-disciplined and motivated enough to educate ourselves without direction and requirement.A second reason for tests is that they provide students with a chance to show how much they have learned.Daily recitation does not provide such an opportunity.(9)A third reason is that students gain insight into what the teacher considers most important.If test questions deal with main topics and essential principles,the student can accurately estimate the nature of future and larger tests.(10)A fourth important reason is that students can discover both their shortcomings and the extent of their progress.They can carefully study their errors and the general areas in which they occur. Now that you understand the reasons for tests and examinations,and how they benefit both student and teacher,you should not groan when a test is announced.If you manage this,your grade will manage itself.That’s all for today's lecture.Preparing for Tests I.Preparing for tests Thunderstorm and the(T1)of tests(T1)-The common sense required for both a physical and mental approach to them-How to read instructions and questions correctly How to answer the questions II.People’s different attitudes towards tests A.A(n)(T2)or a contest:(T2)Why did you take off points on this question.What should I have included that I did not.B.Fear:Fear results in(T3)and disturbed thinking.(T3)The characteristics:Their grade is considerably lower than normal.They complain about the teacher-insufficient explanation lack of review,etc.。
英语专业四级听力材料
英语专业四级听力材料以下是一份可能的英语专业四级听力材料:听力材料一:There's one sound that gets a big reaction from kids on a hot day, the sound of an ice-cream truck. In the hot weather, Maria McCartney has been in the mobile ice-cream business since 2005.问题:1. What kind of business is Maria McCartney in?2. When did Maria McCartney start her mobile ice-cream business?3. Why does the sound of an ice-cream truck get a big reaction from kids on a hot day?听力材料二:Woman: Good morning. Sit down, please, Mr. Johnson.Mr. Johnson: Thank you, Ma’am. Good morning.Conversation Two: Woman: Excuse me. Could I ask you some questions?Woman: I work for an advertising agency, and I’m doing some research. It’s for a new magazine for people like you.Man: OK. Man: En… Twice a week, three t imes a week?Man: Parcel Express, Good morning. How can I help you?问题:1. What does the woman want to ask the man?2. Who does the woman work for?3. What is the man's response to the woman's questions?。
cricket专四听力原文
cricket专四听力原文When you hear the word "cricket", what do you think of first?A small, chirping insect?Or a summer sport between playersin white trousers and woollen jerseyswho stop for a 20-minute tea break in the afternoon?The chances are, if you're in England, India or Australia,you'll be thinking of the latter,where the sport is watched, played and adored by millions.But in many other parts of the worldthe sport is virtually unknown.Many outsiders are put off by its complicated laws, unintelligible terms (any idea what a googly or a grubber is?), and mind-boggling statistics.With games that last for days or even weeksand scores that look more like share prices than sports results, how do we begin to understand this game?Well in its most basic form cricket is a bat and ball game,not unlike baseball in that it involves two teams of players:one batting and the other bowling and fielding.Like football, both teams have 11 players.When bowling, the aim is to hit the wicket,while the batsman tries to defend itand hit the ball far away to win "runs".If the bowler hits the wicket then the batsman is "out",and the next one from the 11 in the batting team takes his place. When they are "all out"the batting side's total runs are added upand the teams swap sides until the second side is also "all out". Whoever has the most runs at the end wins.Simple? Well, that's just a taster.If you're interested there's a whole world of cricket out there, with its leg-before-wickets, silly mid-ons and doosras.And if learning the finer points of cricketsounds like hungry work,you can always take comfort from the fact it's the only sport where lunch and tea are formally included in the order of play.。
rainbow英语专四听力原文
rainbow英语专四听力原文《专四听力真题之rainbow相关内容原文及解析》。
一、原文内容。
(假设一段可能的专四听力原文示例)。
W: Look! There's a beautiful rainbow in the sky.M: Wow, it's really spectacular. You know, rainbows are formed by the refraction, dispersion, and reflection of light in water droplets.W: That's interesting. But I always thought they were just a magical phenomenon.M: Well, there's a bit of magic in the science too. When sunlightenters a raindrop, it bends and splits into different colors.W: So that's how we see all those colors. It's amazing.M: Yeah, and the colors usually appear in a specific order: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.W: I remember learning that in school. It's like a natural painting in the sky.M: Exactly. And rainbows can sometimes be double rainbows. Have youever seen one?W: No, I haven't. That must be even more beautiful.M: Double rainbows occur when light is reflected twice inside the raindrops. It's a rare but wonderful sight.二、注释。
专四真题听力原文.pdf
听写Think Positive and Feel PositiveAre you confident or insecure in a difficult situation? Do you react positively or negatively? The answer may depend in part on whom you're around.A study found that negative thinking can be contagious in some cases. For example, the researchers studied 103 college roommates. They measured each roommate's tendency towards negative thinking. It was found that thinking patterns can be contagious.Students with a negative-thinking roommate became more depressed themselves. And students with more positive-thinking roommates were more likely to become more positive as well.TalkWhat Is Grit?Good afternoon, everyone. (1)Today, I would like to talk about my research project concerning the key to success. I would like to start my topic with my own story.When I was 27 years old, I left for a demanding job: teaching seventh graders math in the New York City public schools. And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests. I gave out homework assignments. When the work came back, I calculated grades.What struck me was that IQ was not the only difference between my best and my worst students. Some of my strongest performers did not have super IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids weren't doing so well.Then I felt very interested in knowing the reason why the students' math performance is not that closely related to their IQ scores. (2)I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of challenging settings, and in every study my question was, who is successful here and why.My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy. We tried to predict which students would stay in military training and which would drop out. (3)We went to the National Spelling Contest and tried to predict which children would advance furthest in competition. We worked with private companies, asking, which of these salespeople is going to keep their jobs? And who's going to earn the most money.We went to many places, and finally one characteristic emerged as a significant predictor of success. And it wasn't social intelligence. It wasn't good looks, physical health, and it wasn't IQ. It was grit.What is grit?(4)Well, grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals. (5)Grit is sticking with your future, day in, day out, not just for the week, not just for the month, but foryears, and working really hard to make future a reality.(6) Grit is living your life like it's a marathon, not a sprint.A few years ago, I started studying grit in the Chicago public schools. I asked thousands of high school juniors to take grit questionnaires, and then waited around more than a year to see who would graduate. (7)It turned out that grittier kids were significantly more likely to graduate, even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure, things like family income, test scores and so on.To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know, how little science knows, about building it. Every day, parents and teachers ask me, "How do I build grit in kids? How do I keep them motivated for the long run? "Our data shows very clearly that there are many talented individuals who simply do not follow through on their commitment. (8)In fact, in our data, grit is usually unrelated to measures of talent.So far, the best idea I've heard about building grit in kids is something called "growth mindset." (9)Growth mindset is the belief that the ability to learn is not fixed, that it can change with your effort.(10) Kids with grit are much more likely to persevere when they fail, because they don't believe that failure is a permanent condition.So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit. But we need more. And that's where I'm going to end my talk, because that's where we are. That's the work that stands before us. We have to be willing to fail, to be wrong, to start over again with lessons learned.As a conclusion, we need to be gritty about getting our kids grittier.Next time, I would like to share with you my experience in building up students' grit.CONVERSATION ONEW: Hello, This is Kate Smith, I'm calling from ABC Company.M: Oh, hello, Kate. Great to hear from you.W: You've already been told that you've been shortlisted for interview...M: Oh, yes...W: Well, we're very excited about meeting you. (1)OK, I just want to talk you through the procedure for the day. Someone will meet you when you arrive, and then bring you up to meet myself and Arthur Miller, the CEO.M: OK, sounds good. So will you be the only members of the interview panel there then?W: Yes, it'll be just me and Arthur who will talk to you. The interview will be in three parts---first of all we'll ask you some general questions about yourself and your educational and professional background, and then we'll move on to specifics.M: Oh, um, specifics? Well er, what kind of questions will you be asking?W: Well, it'll be very similar to the personal statement you submitted with your CV — we'll be expecting you to... to give actual examples of problems you've faced and solved, and of what you feel are the major successes in your career so far.M: OK. Well, yeah, that sounds great — can't wait!W:(2) Then there'll be a chance for you to ask us any questions — about the job itself, or ABC Company in general...M: Oh, um, OK... I'll think of something!W:(3/4)After that, we'd like you to give a short presentation on how you see ABC Company as a company progressing, and how you see yourself taking us there.M: OK, so will I be expected to give like a formal style presentation?W: It can be as formal or informal as you like. There'll be a computer and a data projector there available. If you need anything else, just let us know.M: Oh, um... OK, a presentation! I'll think of something. I haven't done one of those in a while... W: Is that all clear?M: Yes.W:(5)Great! So, Daniel, I'll see you at 11 a.m., Thursday next week.M: OK, great. I look forward to meeting you! Thanks, bye.W: Bye.Questions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.1. Why does the woman call the man?2. What kind of questions can the man ask in the interview?3. Which is the last part of the interview?4. What might be expected from the man's presentation?5. When is the interview scheduled?CONVERSATION TWOW: It says a growing number of students are making a major hole from the minute they enter the real world because they are already, some of them, more than 100, 000 dollars in debt. With usnow is Mark Spencer, he is the senior financial analyst for SBC Bank. Welcome to you.M: Thank you. Nice to be with you.W: Now I guess there are two kinds of debts: good debt and bad debt. Where does this go?M: (7)Well, student loan debt is traditionally considered good debt, but the problem for many students and their families is that the cost of colleges has been going up at 6 to 8% a year, far faster than the income, far faster than the standard of living. That means debt's taking on a bigger and bigger role in financing education.W: (6-1)How much debt is too much debt for, for one student?M: (8)Well, one guideline is that you look at the first year's salary in your field after graduation, and use that as a barometer, but even then...W: Is that right?M: Well, you are talking big payments even in that instance, for example, 30, 000 dollars worth of debt. If you are gonna repay that over 10 years, you are talking more than 300 dollars a month at, in payments every month for 10 years.W: (6-2)But there is surely more than one way to get a loan for college. There are government programs. There are so many kinds of grants. What's, what's the best advice for people who are looking for these loans to try to keep themselves from going under.M: I understand that loans are just one way of college finance. Take advantage of the other opportunities. (9)Things like a college savings plan, let, let you save on a tax advantage basis. So you can put money away in these accounts and withdraw tax-free to pay for that education.W: So it's important to start early and that really reduces that reliance on debt later.M: (6-3)Another thing, leave no stone unturned, looking at grants, scholarships, even on-campus jobs. I mean every dollar you get that way is seen as another dollar you don't have to borrow later.W: (10-1)The kinds of jobs that so many students, the fresh off students, like to go into, er, charity stuff, volunteer work. This debt is eliminating a lot of that, isn't it?M:(10-2) I think that's the social cost. Really, I mean, you know, when you consider that, you know, people may pass up a rewarding career in charitable work, or non-profit organization because they have to get a higher salary someplace else to pay off that debt.W: Yeah, that's for sure. Mark Spencer, senior financial analyst from SBC Bank.Mark, good you could be here.M: Thank you.6. What is the interview mainly about?7. How does the cost of college education change every year?8. What is used to measure student loan debt as a guideline?9. What is the advantage of joining a college savings plan?10. What is the possible social cost of a college loan?。
专四听力文本doc
Model Test 1HobbiesIn early times, most people were too busy making a living to have many hobbies. Today as machines have reduced the amount of time they must spend on their jobs, people have more time than before for hobbies.People take up hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment, friendship, knowledge, and relaxation. Sometimes they even yield financial profit. Hobbies help people relax after periods of hard work. They provide a balance between work and play, especially for workers who do the same monotonous tasks all day long. Hobbies also offer interesting activities for persons who have retired. Those who have devoted hobbies never need to worry about what to do with their newly-found leisure hours. Anyone can follow a satisfying hobby, regardless of his age, position, or income. A famous Canadian doctor expressed the value of hobbies bysaying, “No man is really happy or safe without a hobby.”Model Test 3Let Children Learn to Judge Their Own Work A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things, such as walking, running, climbing, and riding a bicycle, they learn to do them without being taught. Rather, they compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself. Weact as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher.Model Test 4A New Need for Traffic Lights Space is getting crowded. That’s the latest worry for many scientists. About ten thousand objects are orbiting our planets now. Some are satellites that have a job to do. Other items have finished their work. Parts of rockets may have been discarded during a flight and left behind in space.This is becoming a real problem. More items in space lead to more danger. Some of the objects now floating through space are just a few inches in size. But they can still do harm. If they hit a spacecraft or spacelab, they might destroy it.Space agencies can now locate objects in space with a computer. Yet, accidents still happen. Someone may see that two objectsseem to be very close. But they have no power to prevent the crash. Experts can only plot courses to help future rockets avoid some of the objects.Model Test 5SportThe word “sport”first meant something that people did in their free time. Later, it often meant hunting wild animals and birds. About a hundred years ago, the word was first used for organized games, which is its usual meaning today. People spend their spare time playing football, basketball, tennis and many other sports. Such people play because they want to. Some people are paid for the sport they play. These people are called professional sportsmen. They may be sportsmen for only a few years, but many of them can earn a lot of money.Of course, it is only possible for a few sportsmen to earn much money in sports for individuals, like golf, tennis and motor racing.And famous stars can even get huge amounts of money from advertisements. They allow the companies to use their names or photographs and are paid for this. Sport is no longer just something for people’s spare time.Model Test 7Teaching and LearningTeaching is supposed to be a professional activity requiring long and complicated training as well as official certification. The act of teaching is looked upon as a flow of knowledge from a higher source to an empty container. The student’s role is one of receiving information, while the teacher’s is one of sending it.There is a clear distinction assumed between one who is supposed to know and another, usually, younger person who is supposed not to know. However, teaching needn’t be the province of a special group of people nor need it be looked upon as a technical skill. Teachingcan be more like guiding and assisting than forcing information into a supposedly empty head. If you have a certain skill, you should be able to share it with someone. You don’t have to get certified to convey what you know to someone else or to help them in their attempt to teach themselves.Model Test 8The Use of ComputersNearly everything we do in the modern world is helped or even controlled by computers. Computers are being used more and more extensively for the simple reason that they are far more efficient than human beings. They have much better memories and can store huge amounts of information. They can collect and analyze enormous numbers of facts very quickly. This makes them suitable for all kinds of work. They can pay wages,reserve seats on planes, control machines in factories. They can even play chess, write poetry, or composemusic. But perhaps the most interesting applications will be for personal use. In some countries, modified television sets have been connected by telephone to a very large computer. Users dial a few numbers on the telephone to get information from the large computer such as schedules for airplanes, information from dictionaries, or weather forecasts. They can also use the computers to do complicated calculations and to play games.Model test 9Life in SpaceSome scientists say that in twenty years, there will be communities in space. These will begin because men will go to work on the moon, and send important metals back to earth. They will need somewhere to live, and so, with the help of special building machines, they will create large “ships ”in space. People will be able to live a new way of life because the ships will be large enough for all the thingspeople need. In the middle of the ship there could be a river. On the outside of the ship, the people will grow vegetables, under plastic or glass. These will grow very quickly because of the light from the sun. But perhaps the most beautiful thing about these communities is that people inside will be able to fly, since the gravity will be very low. Perhaps when people live in places like these,, they will have a better life than in the cities on earth.Model Test TenForeign Language StudyThe knowledge of a foreign language is an important part of an education. A person cannot be considered truly educated if he knows only one language. Nevertheless, the importance of learning foreign language is often underestimated.English is one of the most commonly used languages in international communication. Some speakers of English mistakenly argue that it is important for them to know anotherlanguage for communicative purposes. They think that everyone else should know English. But there are still billions of people who do not speak English, and many of these people have limited educational opportunities. If English speakers do not make the effort to learn to communicate in other languages, they should not expect others to gain a knowledge of English.If there is to be world peace, the people of the world must understand each other.Communication is necessary to thatunderstanding, but people cannot communicate if they do not speak the samelanguage./5908417366/profile?topnav=1&wvr=6&is_all=1 //shop-a1057660228///8sLH3ZqZvDYP。
专四听力文本doc
can be more like guiding and assisting than forcing information into a supposedly empty head. If you have a certain skill, you should be able to share it with someone. You don’t have to get certified to convey what you know to someone else or to help them in their attempt to teach themselves.
Model Test 7 Teaching and Learning Teaching is supposed to be a professional activity requiring long and complicated training as well as official certification. The act of teaching is looked upon as a flow of knowledge from a higher source to an empty container. The student’s role is one of receiving information, while the teacher’s is one of sending it. There is a clear distinction assumed between one who is supposed to know and another, usually, younger person who is supposed not to know. However, teaching needn’t be the province of a special group of people nor need it be looked upon as a technical skill. Teaching
专四听力50篇
Passage1Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months.Passage2A Change in Women’s LifeThe important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at thefirst opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.Useful Words and Expressions:1. life-pattern生活方式Passage3A Popular Pastime of the English PeopleOne of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what the do with their non-working time.Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railwaylines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them.But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English.Useful Words and Expressions:1. window box:窗台上的花盆箱2.pastime 消遣,娱乐Passage4British and American Police OfficersReal policemen, both in Britain and the U.S., hardly recognize any common points between their lives and what they se on TV—if they ever get home in time.Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them much of them.The first difference is that a policeman’s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to knowactually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what’s mor e, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guilty--- or not of stupid, unimportant crimes.Useful Words and Expressions:1. think much of 重视,尊重2. in court 在法庭上Passage 5Living SpaceHow much living space does a person need? What happens when his space needs are not met? Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But iftheir living conditions become too crowded, their behavior and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, the more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, population and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is enough space not only satisfactory, but necessary for human survival? These are interesting questions.(147 words)Passage6The United NationsIn 1945, representatives of 50 nations met to plan this organization. It was called the United Nations. After the war, many more nations joined.There are two major parts of the United Nations. One is called the General Assembly. In the General Assembly, every member nation is represented and has an equal vote.The second part is called the Security Council. It has representatives of just 15 nations. Five nations are permanent members: the United States, Russia, France, Britain, and China. The 10 other members are elected every two years by the General Assembly.The major job of the Security Council is to keep peace in the world. If necessary, it can send troops from member nations to try to stop little wars before they turn into big ones.It is hard to get the nations of the Security Council to agree on when this is necessary. But they did vote to try to stop wars.Useful Words and Expressions:1. representative 代表2. General Assembly 联合国大会3. permanent 永久的,持久的4. Security Council 联合国安全理事会Passage 7PlasticWe use plastic wrap to protect our foods. We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans. We sit on plastic chairs, play with plastic toys, drink from plastic cups, and wash our hair with shampoo from plastic bottles!Plastic doesn’t grow in nature. It is made by mixing certain things together. We call it a produced or manufactured material. Plastic was first made in the 1860s from plants, suchas wood and cotton. That plastic was soft and burned easily.The first modern plastics were made in 1930s. Most clear plastic starts out as thick, black oil. That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural gas.Over the years, hundreds of different plastics have been developed. Some are hard and strong. Some are soft and bendable. Some are clear. Some are many-colored. There is a plastic for almost every need. Scientists continue to experiment with plastics. They hope to find even ways to use them! (160 words)Passage 8Display of GoodsAre supermarkets designed to persuade us to buy more?Fresh fruit and vegetables are displayed near supermarket entrances. This gives the impression that only healthy food is sold in the shop. Basic foods that everyone buys, like sugar and tea, are not put near each other. They are kept in different aisles so customers are taken past other attractive foods before they find what they want. In this way, shoppers areencouraged to buy products that they do not really need.Sweets are often placed at children’s eye level at the checkout. While parents are waiting to pay, children reach for the sweets and put them in the trolley.More is bought from a fifteen-foot display of one type of product than from a ten-foot one. Customers also buy more when shelves are full than when they are a half empty. They do not like to buy from shelves with few products on them because they feel there is something wrong with those products that are there. (166 words)Passage 9Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. His father owned a factory that made electrical devices. His mother enjoyed music and books. His parents were Jewish but they did not obser ve many of the religion’s rules. Albert was a quiet child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonderwhen he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction—to the north. He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move. Their answers about magnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy to understand. Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things. (143 words.)10 Private CarsWith the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a car. Yet opinions of the development of a private car vary from person to person.It gives a much greater degree of comfort and mobility. The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport, and hence no irritation caused by waiting for buses or taxis. However, others strongly object to developing private cars. They maintain that as more and more cars are produced and run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people.Whether private cars should be developed in China is adifficult question to answer, yet the desire for the comfort and independence a private car can bring will not be eliminated.Passage 11A Henpecked Husband and His WifeThere was once a large, fat woman who had a small, thin husband. He had a job in a big company and was given his weekly wages every Friday evening. As soon as he got home on Fridays, his wife used to make him give her all his money, and then she used to give him back only enough to buy his lunch in his company every day.One day, the small man came home very excited. He hurried into the living-room. His wife was listening to the radio and eating chocolates there.“You will never guess what happened to me today, dear,” he said.He waited for a few seconds and then added, “I won ten thousand dollars on the lottery!”“That is wonderful!” said his wife delightedly. But then she pulled a long face and added angrily, “But how could you afford to buy the ticket?” (148 words)Passage 12A Young Man’s P romiseOne day a young man was writing a letter to his girl friend who lived just a few miles away in a nearby town. He was telling her how much he loved her and how wonderful he thought she was. The more he wrote, the more poetic he became. Finally, he said that in order to be with her he would suffer the greatest difficulties, he would face the greatest dangers that anyone could imagine. In fact, to spend only one minute with her, he would swim across the widest river, he would enter the deepest forest, and he would fight against the fiercest animals with his bare hands.He finished the letter, signed his name, and then suddenly remembered that he had forgotten to mention something quite important. So, in a postscript below his name, he added: “By the way,I’ll be over to see you on Wednesday night, if it doesn’t rain.” (154 words)Passage 13A Kind NeighborMr. and Mrs. Jones’ apartment was full of luggage, package, furniture and boxes. Both of them were very busy when they heardthe doorbell ring. Mrs. Jones went to open it and she saw a middle-aged lady outside. The lady said she lived next door. Mrs. Jones invited her to come in and apologized because there was no place for her to sit. “Oh, that’s OK,” said the lady. “I just come to welcome you to your new home. As you know, in some parts of this city neighbors are not friendly at all. There are some apartment houses where people don’t know any of their neighbors, not even the ones next door. But in this building everyone is very friendly with everyone else. We are like one big happy family. I’m sue you’ll be very happy here. ” Mr. and Mrs. Jones said, “But madam, we are not new dwellers in this apartment. We’ve lived her for two years. We’re moving out tomorrow. ” (163 words)Passage 14That Isn’t Ou r FaultMr. and Mrs. Williams got married when he was twenty-three, and she was twenty. Twenty-five years later, they had a big party, and a photographer came and took some photographs of them.Then the photographer gave Mrs. Williams a card and said, “They’ll be ready next Wednesday. You can get them fromstudio.”“No,” Mrs. William said, “Please send them to us.”The photographs arrived a week later, but Mrs. Williams was not happy when she saw them. She got into her car and drove to the photographer’s studio. She went inside and said angrily, “You took some photographs of me and my husband last week, but I’m not going to pay for them.”“Oh, Why not?” the photographer asked.“Because my husband looks like a monkey,” Mrs. William said.“Well,” the photographer answered, “that isn’t our fault. Why didn’t you think of that before you married him?” (148 words)Passage 15A Guide’s AnswerIn 1861, the Civil War started in the United States between the Northern and the Southern states. The war continued with great bitterness until 1865, when the Northerners were victorious. However, even today, many Southerners have not forgotten their defeat, or forgiven the Northerners.A few years ago, a party of American tourists were goinground one of the battlefields of the Civil War with a guide who came from one of the Southern states. At each place, the guide told the tourists stirring stories about how a few Southern soldiers had conquered powerful forces of Northerners there.At last, one of the tourists, a lady who came from the North, stopped the guide and said to him, “But surely the Northern army must have won at least one victory in the Civil War?”“Not as long as I’m the guide here, madam,” answered the Southern guide.(147 words)Passage 16A Qualified PilotThe captain of a small ship had to go along a rocky coast, but he was unfamiliar with it, so he tried to find a qualified pilot to guide him. He went ashore in one of the small ports, and a local fisherman pretended that he was a pilot because he needed some money. The captain took him on board and asked him where to steer the ship.After half an hour the captain began to suspect that the fisherman did not really know what he was doing and where he was going.“Are you sure you are a qualified pilot?” he asked.“Oh, yes,” answered the fisherman. “I know every rock on this part of the coast.”Suddenly there was a terrible crash from under the ship. At once the fisherman added, “And that’s one of them.” (138 words)Passage 17Living Things ReactYou and all organisms live in an environment. An environment is made up of everything that surrounds an organism. It can include the air, the water, the soil, and even other organisms.An organism responds to changes in its environment. When an organism responds to a change, it reacts in certain ways. All living things respond in some way.Have you ever noticed how plants and insects respond to light? Plants bend toward light. Insects fly toward light.Living things also respond in other ways. The leaves on some trees respond to a change in season. In autumn, they change colors and then fall off the branches. Animals also respond to a change in season. Squirrels save nuts for the winter. Bears sleep through the winter in a cave.You respond to your environment in many ways, too. You may shiver if you are cold. What other ways do you respond to changes in your environment? (156 words)Passage 18Flowering PlantsWhat are the parts of a flower?Flowers can have male parts and female parts. The female parts make eggs that become seeds. The male parts make pollen. Pollen is a powdery material that is needed by the eggs to make seeds. To make seeds, pollen and eggs must come together. The wind, insects, and birds bring pollen to eggs. Many animals love flowers’ bright colo rs. They also like a sugary liquid in flowers. This is called nectar. While they drink nectar, pollen rubs off on their bodies. As they move, some of this pollen gets delivered to the female flower parts.Over time, the female parts turn into fruits that contain seeds. Animals often eat the fruits and the seeds pass through their bodies as waste. The animals do not know they are working for the plants by planting seeds as they travel to different places. (147 words)Passage 19Finding the Direction and LocationHow can you tell which direction? By day, look for the Sun. It is in the east in the morning and the west in the afternoon. At night, use the Big Dipper to help you find the North Star. It would be better to bring a compass because its needle always points north.How do you know how far you have gone? You could count every step. Each step is about two feet. You’d better wear a pedometer which is a tool that counts steps. If you know where you started, which direction you are heading, and how far you have gone, you can use a good map to figure out exactly where you are.Today there is a new way for travelers to figure out where they are. It is the GPS. It has 24 satellites that orbit the earth and constantly broadcast their positions. Someday you may carry a small receiver as you hike and use GPS to find out if you are there yet!Passage 20WavesHow does light get from the sun to the earth? How does musicget from the stage to the audience? They move the same way —in waves!Light and sound are forms of energy. All waves carry energy, but they may carry it differently. Light and sound travel through different kinds of matter. For example, light waves cannot move through walls, but sound waves can. That is why you can hear people talking in another room even though you cannot see them. The energy of some waves is destructive. An earthquake produces seismic waves.Catch a wave. Ask a friend to stand a few feet away from you. Stretch a spring between you. Shake the spring to transfer energy to it. What happens? The spring bounces up and down in waves. When the waves reach your friend, they bounce back to you!Light waves travel 300,000 kilometers (186,000 miles) per second! They can also travel through a vacuum. That is why light from the sun and distant stars can travel through space to the earth.(175 words)Passage 21SoilsThere are many different kinds of soils. Different soilshave different types of rock and minerals in them than other. Some soils have more water in them than others. Some soils might have more plant and animal material in them, too.Different kinds of soils are found in different parts of the world. There are several kinds of soils found in the United States. In some areas, the soil has a lot of clay. Other soils are very sandy. Loam is a kind of soil that has a good mixture of clay and sand.In some places, soil layers are very thick. Lots of plants grow in places with a thick soil layer. In dry and windy places soil layers are much thinner. Layers of soil on mountains are thin because gravity pulls the soil downhill.The type of soil in a particular place affects what kinds of plants can grow there. (150 words)Passage 22CrisisLife is a contest! Who will win? A bluebird and sparrow both compete for space to build their nests. A fast-growing maple tree and slower-growing dogwood compete for the sunlight they both need. Oil competes with coal and nuclear power as an energy source for electric power plants.There is a problem. There is a limited amount of space for birds, sunlight for trees, and energy for people! If we do not cut back on our uses of some of our resources, someday they will be gone!How can we use energy today and know we will have enough to go around in the future? We can choose alternate, or replacement, energy resources. It takes the earth millions of years to create coal, oil, and gas. They are nonrenewable resources.Solar energy, wind energy and water energy are renewable. What other ways we conserve our resources? How can we make sure there is always enough to go around? (159 words.)Passage 23America’s Worst SurpriseDecember 7, 1941 was one of the worst days in American history. Nearly all Americans who are old enough to remember that day can still remember what they were doing at the moment they heard “the news”. The news was that America had been attacked!Shortly before 2:00 P.M., a radio dispatch came into Washington from Honolulu, Hawaii. “Air Raid, Pearl Harbor —This is no drill.” Japanese planes had begun an attack on the largest American military base in the Pacific. They first destroyed planes on the ground. Then they bombed the ships in the harbor.No one had expected the attack. So no one was prepared for it. And it did not take long for the Japanese to do their damage. When the smoke cleared, the Navy counted its losses. Eighteen ships had been sunk or badly damaged. Nearly 150 planes had been destroyed. More than 2,400 Americans had been killed and more than 1,200 wounded. (157 words)Passage 24Great Depression in the U.S.In 1929, the bills started to come in. American industry had produced too many goods. Americans could not afford to buy all of them. So factories had to cut down on their production. Many workers lost their jobs. Investors tried to get their money back. But businesses did not have enough money to pay them. Banks tried to get their money back from investors. But the investors could not pay, either. Too many people owned money.And few of them could pay their bills.During the next few years, business got worse and worse. By 1932, banks all over the country were closing.People without money could not buy goods. So more businesses closed. More and more people lost their jobs. By 1932, more than 12 million Americans were jobless. Millions more were earning barely enough to live on. The country was in a great depression they had never experienced before. (151 words)Passage 25A Place of Our OwnWe are all usually very careful when we buy something for the house. Why? Because we have to live with it for a long time. We paint a room to make it brighter, so we choose the colours carefully.We buy new curtains in order to match the newly decorated room, so they must be the right colour. We move the furniture round so as to make more space — or we buy new furniture —and so on. It is an endless business.Rich or poor, we take time to furnish a room. Perhaps some people buy furniture in order to impress their friends. But most of us just want to enjoy our surroundings. We want to live ascomfortably as we can afford to. We spend a large part of our lives at home. We want to make a small corner in the world which we can recognize as our own. (151 words)Passage 26Travel for WorkYou can see them in every airport in the world. They are businessmen and women who have to travel for their work.When they first applied for the job, they may have thought of good food and hotels, huge expense accounts and fashionable cities. Now they have to sit in airport lounges, tired and uncomfortable in their smart clothes, listening to the loudspeaker ann ounce “The flight to Tokyo, or Berlin, or New York is delayed for another two hours”. Some people say to me, “How lucky you are to be able to travel abroad in your work! You can go sightseeing without paying any money by yourself!” They think that my job is like a continual holiday. It is not.There are advantages, of course, and I do think I am lucky, but only because I can go to places I would never visit if I was a tourist. (149 words)Passage 27IntelligenceAre some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus, the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, held by most experts now, can be supported in a number of ways. As is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. (154 words)Passage 28A Free Dress Every WeekThe temptation to steal is greater than ever before especially in large shops and people are not so honest as they once were.A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it for her as quickly as possible. The woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter.. Believe it or not, the girl “gave” her mother a free dress every week. (148 words)Passage 29TimeTime is tangible. One can gain time, spend time, waste time, save time, or even kill time. Common questions in American English reveal this concrete quality as though time were a possession. “Do you have any time?”, “Can you get some time for this?”, “How much free time do you have?” The treatment of time as a possession influences the way that time is carefully divided.Generally, Americans are taught to do one thing at a time and may be uncomfortable when an activity is interrupted. In businesses, the careful scheduling of time and the separation of activities are common practices. Appointment calendars are printed with 15-, 30-, and 60-minute time slots. The idea that “there is a time and place for everything” extends to American social life. Visitors who drop by without prior notice may interrupt their host’s personal time. Thus, ca lling friends on the telephone before visiting them is generally preferred to visitors’ dropping by. (157 words)Passage 30CartoonistIn a good cartoon, the artist can tell in a few lines as much as a writer can tell in half a dozen paragraphs. The cartoonist not only tells a story but he also tries to persuade the reader to his way of thinking. He has great influence on public opinion. In a political campaign, he plays an important part. Controversial issues in Congress or at meetings of the United Nations may keep the cartoonist well-supplies with current materials.A clever cartoonist may cause laughter because he often useshumour in his drawings. If he is sketching a famous person, he takes a prominent feature and exaggerates it. Cartoonists, for instance, like to lengthen an already long nose and to widen an already broad grin. This exaggeration of a person’s characteristics is called caricature. The artist uses such exaggeration to put his message across. (144 words)Passage 31Water PollutionWater is very important to us. Factories and plants need water for industrial uses and large pieces of farmland need it for irrigation. Without water to drink, people die in a short time. Today most water sources are so dirty that people must purify water before drinking. Water becomes dirty in many ways: industrial pollution is one of them. With the development of industry, plants and factories pour tons of industrial wastes into rivers every day. The rivers have become seriously polluted, and the water is becoming unfit for drinking or irrigation. The same thing has also happened to our seas and oceans. So, the problem of water pollution is almost worldwide. Scientists of many countries have done a lot of work to stop pollution. The polluted water in some places has become clean。
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After I got used to saving my money, / it was much easier for me not to be tempted to buy things when I saw them. / When I saw a CD or video game that looked appealing, / I learned to ask myself, “Do I really need this?” / Asking this question helped me appreciate my money and not let it slip out of my wallet quite so fast. / (173 words)
Passage 2 Perceptions
Ask three people to look out of the same window at a busy street and tell you what they see. / Probably you will receive three different answers. / Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it. /
Perceiving goes in our minds. / Of the three people who look out of the window / one may say that he sees a policeman giving a driver a ticket. / Another may say that he sees a rush – hour traffic jam at the street corner. / The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children. / For perception is the mind’s interpretation / of what the senses – in this case our eyes – tell us. /
Passage 3 Balloons
Balloons have been used for sport for about one hundred years. / There are two kinds of sport balloons: gas and hot air. / Hot air balloons are safer than gas balloons, / which may catch fire. / Hot air balloons are preferred by most balloonists in the United States because of their safety. / They are also cheaper and easier to manager than gas balloons. / Despite the ease of operating a balloon, / pilots must watch the weather carefully. / Sport balloon flights are best early in the morning / or late in the afternoon, when the wind is light. / Over the years, balloonists have tried unsuccessfully to cross the Atlantic. / It wasn't until 1978 that three American balloonists succeeded. / It took them just six days to make the trip / from their homes in the United States to Paris, France. / Their voyage captured the imagination of the whole world. / (143 words)
Passage 5 Online Health Forum
There are many aspects to health, illness and healing. / Among all the teachings there is one theme that is universal to them all / and that is the unquestionable benefit achieved by communicating with others about health and its related issues. / It is with this single philosophy in mind / that we have developed this site as a forum for communication. / Dealing with a medical concern is often difficult. / Connecting with others who are going through the same thing / can make a world of difference. / Our mission is to develop online communities to help you make those connections. / You can post questions, comments and respond to messages from others. / We’ve got various topics, and we’re adding more all the time. / If you don’t see the topic you are looking for, / just let us know and we will consider a message board for it. / We hope you decide to become a regular participant / and help to make this a great resource. / (158 words)
But I quickly realized that this sort of spending wouldn’t really help me get the things I wanted. / So I made a pact with myself. I promise that before I did anything with the money, / I would deposit at least 50% of the money into my saving account. / That way, I eliminated the temptation to spend that money. /
Salt was an important item on the table of royalty. / It was traditionally placed in front of the king when he sat down to eat. / Important guests at the king’s table were seated near the salt. / Less important guests were given seats farther away from it. / (175 words)
Stealing salt was considered a major crime during some periods of history. / In 18th century, for instance, / if a person was caught stealing salt, he can be put in jail. / History records that about ten thousand people were put in jail during that century for stealing salt. / About 150 years before, in the year 1553, / taking more salt that one was allowed to was punishable as a crime. / The offender’s ear was cut off.
Many psychologists today are working to try to explain / just how a person experiences or perceive the world around him. / Using a scientific method these psychologists set up experiments: / they are trying to find out what makes different people / perceive totally different things about the same scene. / (164 words)
专业四级标准听写二十篇
TEM 4 Dictation Practices
Passage 1 Salt
We do not know when man first began to use salt, / but we do know that it has been used in many difory. / Historical evidence shows, for example, that people who lived over 3,000 years ago ate slated fish. / Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to preserve the dead. /