从智人到人类【英文】Hominids to Humanity

Myth & history
The Epic of Gilgamesh
Gilgamesh Enkidu
2100 BCE
mythopoeic
II. Neolithic Revolution
A. End of an era
1. Climate change
Pleistocene Overkill
2. Ice age tech
- “big four”
C. I should have stayed on the farm
1. Domestication 2. Horticulture
10-8000 BCE
8000 BCE 7-5000BCE
3. Animal husbandry
D. Settlement:
1. Risks
12,000-10,000 BCE
The Agricultural (neolithic) Revolution
ca. 9,000 – 5000 BCE
B. The Fertile Crescent
1. Nutritious plants
- cereal grains
2. Cooperative animals
rewards & risks
Gilgamesh
- disease - malnutrition - loss of mobility - vulnerability - exploitation - gender inequities Sex at Dawn (2010), Ryan & Jethá
I. Internal and External
Evolution
First step toward civil Nhomakorabeazation
Homo sapiens ca. 200K BCE ↓ Civilization ca. 3500 BCE Civilization is a by-product of human evolution
B. The Pleistocene Era:
Ice, Ice, Baby
- migration - “cold filter” 1.6M-10K BCE
1. Hidden uses of adversity
2. Fresh meat!
- community - protein
C. The Paleolithic Revolution
…development of the human mind …response to environmental change
A. Paleolithic
1. 1 – 2.5 M Homo habilis and erectus ↓ ↓ Homo sapiens (200K)
“thinking man”
2. Rewards
- surpluses, material + intellect - time = creativity → complexity CIVILIZATION
“Sticky”
Egyptians, ca. 2000 BCE
Edouard Manet, At the Bar of Folies Bergè re 1882
2. Dispersal
- Multiregional theory multiple
- Out of Africa theory one branch
3. Hoppin’ hominids
approx. time approx. #
200K BC 70K BC 1700 CE 2012 CE
–1M – 10,000 (Toba Super-eruption) –1B –7B
Hominids to Humanity
The Unbinding of Isaac
The mythopoeic past
Our Humanity Emerges
The “precondition” of civilization - faith in the unseen “higher law” - value of human life - strength of love - exercise of free will
1. Neanderthals
- 500-30K (?)
Abstractions
2. Cro-Magnon - sapiens sapiens
Lascaux
40-10K
3. They are us (anatomically & intellectually “modern”)...
…but we’re more sophisticated