英语语法之宾语从句

• The teacher told the students that the Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world. • ④宾语从句否定意义的转移：在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词所尾随 的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一 般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语，而将 从句宾语变为肯定形式。比如：I don’t think he has time to play chess with you./ I don’t suppose it is the rush hour yet.
• ②作介词的宾语。比如：This depends on how hard you work./ Is there anything wrong in what I said?
• ③作形容词的宾语。比如：They are confident that they can do the job well./ I am not certain whether the train will arrive in time.
直接引语和间接引语:
• 1.引述别人的原话称为直接引语。 • 如：She says, “I am a bus driver.” • 直接话，称为间接引语。 • 如: She says that she is a bus driver. • 间接引语是把说话人的原话变为宾语从句。
• 3.直接引语和间接引语都是复合句中的宾语从句。
直接引语变间接引语:
• 1根据表达内容的需要，句子的主语，宾语及 状语等到经常需要发生相应的变化。 • 2当主句的谓语动词是现在时，宾语从句中的 动词时态不变。比如：
• He says, “My mother will come back tomorrow.” He says that his mother will come back tomorrow. The boy says, “I’ve finished my homework .” The boy says he has finished his homework.
• 2)使用宾语从句要注意的问题
• ①从句引导词that的省略：在非正式场 合下，that在引导宾语从句时，可以省 略。比如：I think (that) you are right. • ②形式宾语it: 如果宾语从句后面跟有补 语，要有形式宾语it来代替，而将从句放 • 到补语的后面去。
• 比如：He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed./ I heard it said that that factory was founded in 1901. • ③宾语从句的时态呼应：如果主语的谓 语是过去时，宾语从句的时态要按照时 态呼应规则进行相应的调整。但是若宾 语从句表示的是客观真理或自然观念， 其谓语时态仍用一般现在时。比如： • He said that he had left his umbrella in the library.
直接引语变间接引语
• 当直接引语变为间接引语时，如果主句的谓语动 词是过去时态时，则间接引语中的动词时态应作 相应的改变。
直接引语变间接引语
1）直接引语是一般、选择或反意疑问句，变成间接引语 时，由连词whether 或if 引导，而且必须将原来的疑 问句的语序调整为陈述句的语序。如： He asked me: “Do you come from China?” He asked me if I came from China. 2) 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的 疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等 引导。如： My sister asked me: “What is your friend?” My sister asked me what your friend was. They asked, “Where do you live?” They asked me where I lived.
Grammar
Lesson99-100
• 宾语从句
• 用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句常常用 连词that引起，而that没有意义仅起连接作用。
• 1）宾语从句的分类 • ①作动词的宾语。比如：Everyone knows
that he is a good student./ He wondered how the pyramids were built.