基于单片机的压电加速度传感器低频信号采集系统的设计

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步起着重要的作用。传感器作为信息获取与处理系统中最前端的部件,直接面向
被测量的对象,是一项令人瞩目的高新技术,也是当代科学技术迅猛发展的重要
标志。其中压电加速度传感器作为一种重要的传感器,主要用于冲击和振动信号
的获取。它具有尺寸小、重量轻、抗干扰能力强、安装方便等优点。因此压电加
速度传感器信号的获取与分析在科学研究中显得尤为重要。
块给出了原理图并进行了分析。Biblioteka Baidu
软件部分采用MCS--51汇编语言编写单片机数据采集程序。同时利用了图形
化编程语言LabVIEW。、LabVIEW是著名的虚拟仪器开发平台,它摒弃了传统开发
中文摘要
工具的复杂性,在提供强大功能的同时还保证了灵活性。因此本文采用LabVIEW 软件为平台。为该数据采集系统实现实时数据曲线显示。
硬件部分对压电加速度传感器信号进行了放大滤波等调理工作,同时以TI
公司的TLC0831为A/D转换器,LG公司的单片机GMS97C2051为微处理控制芯片,
MAX232为单片机和计算机的串行接口组成采集系统。论文将整个系统分为调理
电路、A/D转换电路、单片机控制电路及串行接口电路四个模块,对各个硬件模
Based on the above characteristics,this paper analyses the signal,designs a
low-frequency signal gathering system based on MCU.The system consists of hardware and software.
forward in this paper;(2)The MCU program has been compiled,based on the MCS-51 assembly language;(3)The panel has been compiled,based On LabVIEW for display;(4)The experiment has been carried out,and the experimental result has
The main function of the hardware is"to amplify and filter the piezoeieclricity
acceleration螂9.sor sign丑1.In the system,TLC083 1 of TI Company is used as the A/D cDnvelter,GMS97C205|of LG Company is as microprocessor,and MAX232 is
gathering is very important. In the field of the signal gathering,National Instruments is not only the leader
and the inaugurator of virtual technique,but also of the signal gathering production based on the PC.It provides the extensive choice of si掣曲gathering production. However,equipping the system with NI’s sigma gathering hardware and software is expensive.At the same time,the signal of the piezoelectric atcelerometer is low- frequency,SO it is not the appropriate project with A/D card.It is necessary to choose the right hardware,write the right soft ware and found the economical and applied low-frequency signal gathering system.
As it is a data gathering system baSed on computer,the system’S function is flexibly defined and meets users’requirement easily.The system transmits the data to computer directly by serial interface,SO it is easy to process and analyze the data.
The software uses MCS一51 aSsembly language to compile the MCU program of
data gathering.GI印llical programming environment LabVIEW is a famous virtual
development platform.It avoids the complexity of the traditional developing
world attention and it is also the important sign of the science and technology which develop qmcl(1y.The piezoelectric accelerometer is an important sensor which uses for the gathering ofthe vibration and sR'ike signal.It has advantages of small size、 light weight、better ability ofresist disturbance、convenient installation and SO on.As all instrument which is used in broad fields,the piezoelectric aeeelerometer’S sigma
instrument,while prodding the formidable function and guaranteeing the flexibility. This paper regards LabVIEW as the platform,designs the soft'wale of displaying in the real time for data gathering system.
在数据采集领域,National Instruments(美国国家仪器有限公司,简称NI)
作为虚拟仪器技术的开创者和领导者,也是基于Pc的数据采集产品的领导者, 为用户提供了最为广泛的数据采集设备选择。但配备NI公司的数据采集硬件及
软件比较昂贵,并且对于本文中在实验室进行的压电加速度传感器信号的采集,
安徽大学 硕士学位论文 基于单片机的压电加速度传感器低频信号采集系统的设计 姓名:杨明莉 申请学位级别:硕士 专业:检测技术与自动化装置 指导教师:葛立峰
20070401
中文摘要
基于单片机的压电加速度 传感器低频信号采集系统的设计


信息的获取与处理已经成为现代信息技术领域的核心,对社会发展、科技进
插图清单
插图清单
图l--i硬件系统框图……………………………………………………………(3) 图1—2虚拟仪器系统结构示意图………………………o…………………….(3) 图2一i压电加速度传感器原理图………………………………………………(6) 图2--2压电加速度传感器的等效电路…………………………………………f7) 图2--3压电加速度传感器测试系统等效电路…………………………………(8)
Finally the system has good man-machine interface,and is easily operated.
Based on summarizing the characteristic of the piezoelectricity acceleration sensor’s measuremenL main achievements of the author include:(1)After the analysis of the signal,a design of a low-frequency data gathering system based on the A/D conversion ckcuit,the MCU control circuit and the interface circuit is put
关键词:压电加速度传感器,A/D转换,单片机,串行通讯,LabVIEW
英文摘要
A Design of the Piezoelectric
Accelerometer’s Low-Frequency Signal Gathering System Based on MCU
ABSTRACT
The analysis and gathering of signal becomes the core of modern signal technique,which has very important effect on the development of science and society.As the foreside of the signal’S analysis and gathering system,the sensor faces the object straightly.It is the advanced science and technology that attract the
本系统是基于计算机的数据采集系统,因此系统的功能可以灵活定义,便于 满足用户要求;此外,系统直接把采集数据通过串口传输到计算机上来,便于对 数据进行处理和分析;最后,系统具有良好的入机界面,操作方便。
作者在总结压电加速度传感器调理电路的基础上,完成的主要工作包括:(1) 通过对压电加速度传感器输出信号的分析,提出了一种基于A/D转换、单片机控 制的低频数据采集系统的设计方案;(2)编写了基于MCS一51汇编语言的单片机 程序;(3)以I.abVlEW为平台编制了实时采集的显示界面;(4)进行了实验验 证,给出了实验结果;(5)对系统的改进和完善提出了更好的想法。
英文摘要
as the communication between the microprocessor and the computer.The system which consists of four modules:the conditioning circuit,the A/D conversion circuit, the MCU control circuit and the interface circuit ale described in detail.It provides and analyses the schematic diagram of every modules。
其输出模拟量为缓变低频信号,采用总线型A/D卡并不是最合适的方案。所以选
用恰当的硬件,编写合适的软件,组建既经济又实用的压电加速度低频信号采集 系统是十分必要的。
本文基于上述特点对压电加速度传感器低频信号进行了分析,同时在参阅大 量文献资料的情况下设计了基于单片机的压电加速度传感器低频信号的采集系
统。系统分为硬件与软件两部分内容。
been obtained;(6)better suggestions for system’s improvement and perfection has
been put forward.
Key words:piezoelectricity acceleration salsor,A/D conversion,MCU,serial communication,LabVIE
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