情态动词语法讲解课件PPT
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b)表示“可能”，可用may, might, can, could
may/might：
1.既可以表示现在的可能，也可表示将来 的可能，might在口气上比may更委婉
• 现在：It may/might be true. • 将来：He may/might leave tomorrow.
2.在疑问句中，用can，不用may。 • Can they have missed the bus? • Yes, they may have.
10
may not重音落在助动词上，表示 “不可能”，重音落在否定词上，表 示“不许可” , 比较：
•He may not go tomorrow. •He may not go tomorrow.
•所以在书面语中，表示“不可能” 常用can’t
11
can/could表示现在的可能，口气上 could比较委婉
2表示“许可”和“不许”
a)请求对方“许可”可用can, could, may, might.
may/might较正式，could/might较委婉
表示给予“许可”通常用can/may,而不用 could/might
Could I use your phone? Yes, of course you can. Might I trouble you for a light? You may indeed.
without a dictionary.
• I talked a long time, and in the end managed to make her believe me. 在否定句中，could既可以表示过去一般能 力，也可表示过去某具体事情的能力. • I couldn’t/wasn’t able to play the piano when I was at school.
need need not needn’t 4
一、情态意义表示法
1.表示“能力”和“可能”
a)表示“能力”，可用can, could, be able to can既能表示现在的能力，也表示将来的能 力。 Eg.Look! I can do it. I can’t do it now, but I can do it later.
❖That’s not mine. Whose can it be? ❖It could be John’s.
can常用于否定句和疑问句，而 could不受此限。
❖If you don’t have a guide, you could lose your way. ❖It can’t/couldn’t be true. ❖Can/could the news be true?
6
将来“能力”：
•通常 will/shall be able to
• I’ll be able to speak German in another two months
•具体某事：can
• Can you go and see him tomorrow morning? • If I can, I will do it.
7
过去“能力”: could, was/were
able to 肯定句：
•Could：一般能力
• She could play the piano when she was only six. • was/were able to(及managed to)：具体 事件
• He was able to translate the article 8
• Mr Reed looks pale. He may be ill.
13
“may/might +have done/have been doing”,“can/could +have done”表示过去 的可能。
❖He may/might have missed the train. ❖She may/might have been expressing her true feelings at that moment.
Grammar：
Modal verbs 情态动词
1
情态动词（modal verbs)：
表示说话人的语气或情态，如请求、命令、 愿望、能力以及可能性等。英语的情态动词 有：
2
can/could may/might must
shall/should will/would
need have to
能够 可能 必须
❖She can’t/couldn’t have missed the train.
“might/could +have done ”可以表示本来 可能发生但没有发生的，或者本来可能完成 却没有完成的动作，
❖York last week. ❖I could have passed the examination, but I failed. 14
应该 意愿 敢 需要 不得不
+ 动词原形
3
肯定
can could may might must should
否定
缩写否定
can not can’t
could not couldn’t
may not
/
might not mightn’t
must not mustn’t
should not shouldn’t
12
在肯定陈述句中，may与can的比较：
Can指逻辑上的可能性，may指事实上 的可能性
• The road can be blocked.(按逻辑可能会堵，)
•The road may be blocked.(可能现在正堵着，事 实上)
• Mr Reed is in poor health. He can be ill at any time.
5
现在“能力”：can, be able to
• As I have got enough money, I can/am able to help her.
Can:
1.某桩具体事情：eg.I can climb this cliff. 2.泛指一般的“能力”： • He can drive a car. • She can’t play the piano.
b)表示“可能”，可用may, might, can, could
may/might：
1.既可以表示现在的可能，也可表示将来 的可能，might在口气上比may更委婉
• 现在：It may/might be true. • 将来：He may/might leave tomorrow.
2.在疑问句中，用can，不用may。 • Can they have missed the bus? • Yes, they may have.
10
may not重音落在助动词上，表示 “不可能”，重音落在否定词上，表 示“不许可” , 比较：
•He may not go tomorrow. •He may not go tomorrow.
•所以在书面语中，表示“不可能” 常用can’t
11
can/could表示现在的可能，口气上 could比较委婉
2表示“许可”和“不许”
a)请求对方“许可”可用can, could, may, might.
may/might较正式，could/might较委婉
表示给予“许可”通常用can/may,而不用 could/might
Could I use your phone? Yes, of course you can. Might I trouble you for a light? You may indeed.
without a dictionary.
• I talked a long time, and in the end managed to make her believe me. 在否定句中，could既可以表示过去一般能 力，也可表示过去某具体事情的能力. • I couldn’t/wasn’t able to play the piano when I was at school.
need need not needn’t 4
一、情态意义表示法
1.表示“能力”和“可能”
a)表示“能力”，可用can, could, be able to can既能表示现在的能力，也表示将来的能 力。 Eg.Look! I can do it. I can’t do it now, but I can do it later.
❖That’s not mine. Whose can it be? ❖It could be John’s.
can常用于否定句和疑问句，而 could不受此限。
❖If you don’t have a guide, you could lose your way. ❖It can’t/couldn’t be true. ❖Can/could the news be true?
6
将来“能力”：
•通常 will/shall be able to
• I’ll be able to speak German in another two months
•具体某事：can
• Can you go and see him tomorrow morning? • If I can, I will do it.
7
过去“能力”: could, was/were
able to 肯定句：
•Could：一般能力
• She could play the piano when she was only six. • was/were able to(及managed to)：具体 事件
• He was able to translate the article 8
• Mr Reed looks pale. He may be ill.
13
“may/might +have done/have been doing”,“can/could +have done”表示过去 的可能。
❖He may/might have missed the train. ❖She may/might have been expressing her true feelings at that moment.
Grammar：
Modal verbs 情态动词
1
情态动词（modal verbs)：
表示说话人的语气或情态，如请求、命令、 愿望、能力以及可能性等。英语的情态动词 有：
2
can/could may/might must
shall/should will/would
need have to
能够 可能 必须
❖She can’t/couldn’t have missed the train.
“might/could +have done ”可以表示本来 可能发生但没有发生的，或者本来可能完成 却没有完成的动作，
❖York last week. ❖I could have passed the examination, but I failed. 14
应该 意愿 敢 需要 不得不
+ 动词原形
3
肯定
can could may might must should
否定
缩写否定
can not can’t
could not couldn’t
may not
/
might not mightn’t
must not mustn’t
should not shouldn’t
12
在肯定陈述句中，may与can的比较：
Can指逻辑上的可能性，may指事实上 的可能性
• The road can be blocked.(按逻辑可能会堵，)
•The road may be blocked.(可能现在正堵着，事 实上)
• Mr Reed is in poor health. He can be ill at any time.
5
现在“能力”：can, be able to
• As I have got enough money, I can/am able to help her.
Can:
1.某桩具体事情：eg.I can climb this cliff. 2.泛指一般的“能力”： • He can drive a car. • She can’t play the piano.