系动词用法

终止系动词
• 表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意，例如：
• The rumor proved (to be) false. • The search proved (to be) difficult. • His plan turned out (to be) a success.
表像系动词
• 用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有 seem, appear, look, 例如：
• He looks tired. • He seems (to be) very sad. • She appears 18. But in fact, she is already 28.
持续系动词
• become “变成;变为”(好坏均可),语气正式, 且不能用于将来时态,强调结果.表人的身体状 况,情绪,天气和社会变化时可与get互换使用.
• • • •
He became a lawyer. I became/ got interested in math. He became/ got angry with me. I hope you will become/ get well.
• 注意：(1)表示“仍然处于原来的状态”时， remain和stay可以互换，例如：
• Three of them remained/ stayed single. • Shops should remain/ stay open till later in the evening. • The door stayed/ remained closed. • But the police themselves prefer to stay/ remain unarmed.
• 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度， 主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, continue. 例如： • He always kept silent at meeting. • This matter remains a mystery. • It continued/ remained rainy for days. • He stood quite still, except his lips moved slightly. • The snow lay thick on the ground.
• turn表示“变得”,指变为与原先不同的情况,通 常指颜色和天气等变化。 • The weather suddenly turned much colder. • Her face turned blue with fear. • She turned teacher after graduation. • get “变成,变得…起来”,后可接形容词,分词,介 词短语;接不定式时表示“由不…变得”. • The days are getting longer and longer. • He got excited about it. • My watch gets out of order.
• • • • •
go blind/ mad/ hungry/ bad… come true/ right/ clear/ dear/ unstuck/ untied… His dream to be a pilot has come true. My shoelaces have come undone. She went blind at the age of 8.
感官系动词
• 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look. 例如：
• • • •
This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet. The music sounds nice. The fish tastes good.
• • • • 用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词 He is a teacher. He is ill. (表示主语的状态) 连系动词 be 后根据情况可自由地接不定式作 表语： • My dream is to be a scientist. • All you have to do is to listen.
定义
• 系动词，亦称连系动词（Link Verb）。作 为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用 作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语（形 容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、 性质、特征等情况。 • 分类: 状态Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu动词; 持续系动词; 表像系动词 • 感官系动词; 变化系动词; 终止系动词
状态系动词 be
变化系动词
• 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. • go和come 是一对相反的词. go+ adj.表示令人不愉快的 事; come+ adj.表示好的事情,还可以接前缀un-的过去分 词作表语，表示变化的情况。
• fall接asleep, silent, quiet等静态形容词和表 示疾病的形容词，但不能接形容词的比较级。
• While I was doing my homework, my little sister fell asleep. • She fell ill from cold. • The naughty boy fell silent suddenly. • fall apart(散开) fall flat (没效果)
• run后接 short, dry, low, deep等形容词,主语为 流动性的或能消耗掉的东西。 • Their money was running short. • The well has run dry. • 但表语为wild时,主语是人; run wild(放荡不羁） • Don’t let the children run wild. • grow常指逐渐的变化,表示身高、岁数的增长。 • My little brother has grown much taller in the past year. • She grew thinner and thinner. • Soon the sky grew light.
• 注意：1. become, turn, go, get, fall后面能接名词 作表语,其他则不能. turn和go后面的名词不带冠 词。 • His dream has become/ got a reality. • He has turned scientist. • She has gone artist. • He fell an victim to cancer. • 2. 表变化的系动词用于进行时态时，表示逐渐的 变化。 • The days are getting/ becoming longer and longer. • She is growing to be more and more like her mother.
• (2)表示“需要设法才能保持某种状态”时， 可用keep和stay. 后常接的形容词有 calm, clean, awake, young, warm, fine等. 例如：
• She knew she must keep/ stay calm. • Although they have many difficulties, they keep happy. • Paul managed to keep/ stay awake by drinking lots of strong black coffee.