代词和数词讲与练
英语语法精讲多练(英语语法一本通)附答案
【考试内容概述】第一节词类（冠词、名词、代词、数词）【冠词内容讲解】1.不定冠词a/an用法2.定冠词the的用法3.零冠词1.不定冠词 a / an用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物的“一个”。
表示个别或泛指的用法：【例1】How about taking _____ short break? I want to make _____call.A.the; aB.a; theC.the; theD.a; a『正确答案』D『答案解析』take a short break“休息一会儿”，make a call“打一个电话”。
【例2】Christmas is _____ special holiday when _____ whole family are supposed to get together.A.the; theB.a; aC.the; aD.a; the『正确答案』D『答案解析』a special holiday指“某一个特别的节日”；the whole family为特指。
注意：不定冠词还可用于固定短语中，在这些固定短语中，a 是不可缺少的一部分。
例如：have a seat 坐下in a hurry匆忙地have a good time 玩得开心have a cold /fever 感冒/发烧不定冠词还可以用在具体化的抽象名词前【例题】—How about _____ Christmas evening party?—I should say it was _____ success.A.a; aB.the; aC.a; 不填D.the; 不填『正确答案』B『答案解析』the Christmas evening party为特指刚结束的圣诞晚会；a success考查抽象名词具体化时的不定冠词用法。
success原为抽象名词，不可数，但在此处已经完全具体化而变为可数名词。
题中a success意为“一次成功的晚会”。
数词用法讲解及练习
数词I.定义与分类数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等；表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。
数词用法相当于名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。
II. 基数词1. 英语中没有“万”这个读数单位，要表示汉语中的“万”，英语需借用thousand一词，如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand)，“十万”用“一百个千”表示(one hundred thousand)。
2. 用作基数词单位的hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。
如：About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。
3. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。
如：He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头(from 。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。
III. 序数词1. 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的，如four / fourth，six / sixth，ten / tenth，sixteen / sixteenth，但是nine变为序数词是ninth，而不是nineth。
2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。
3. first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。
2020届中考英语语法专练代词讲解及真题专练 (1)
2020届中考真题语法专练之代词讲解及配套真题专练代词：代词可以分为以下七大类：II. 不定代词用法注意点：1. one, some与any:1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。
some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。
One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。
Would you like some bananas?Could you give me some money?3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。
I have read this article in some magazine.Please correct the mistakes, if any.4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。
There are some 3,000 students in this school.Do you feel any better today?2. each和every:each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。
Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary.Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points.3. none和no：no等于not any，作定语。
代词专题(练习题含答案)
代词专题每年中考对代词的考查都占比较大的比重，通常集中在不定代词，其变化的多样性是考查的重点。
一、 代词的定义和分类代词是代替名词，形容词和数词的词，按其意义、特征及在句子中的作用可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、 反身代词、疑问代词、不定代词、相互代词、和关系代词等。
部分代词如下表所示：二、 代词的用法： 1. 人称代词(1)人称代词有主格和宾格之分，通常主格做主语，宾格做宾语。
(2)人称代词还可作表语，做表语时用宾格。
如： ----Who’s knocking on the door? ----It ’s m e(做表语). (3)人称代词在 than 之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。
如： He is older than me. He is older than I (am). 2. 物主代词表示所属关系的代词叫做物主代词。
物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两类。
其用法如下。
(1)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中做定语。
如： This is her pencil-box.(2) 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词， 在句子中可以做主语、 宾语和表语。
如： Our school is here, and theirs is there. John’s car doesn't work. You can use mine. Is this English book yours( 做表语)？ 3. 指示代词指示代词包括 this, that, these, those.(1) this 和 these 一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物， that 和 those 则指时间或空间上较远的人或事物。
如： This is a pen and that is a pencil. We are busy these days. In those days the workers had a hard time.(2) 有时 that 和 those 指前面讲过的事物， this 和 these 则指下面要讲到的事物。
十大词性-句子成分及基本句型讲解及练习(附答案)
十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习一、新课导入个体名词集体名词普通名词 物质名词1.名词 抽象名词专有名词功能：表示人或事物的名称人称代词： 主格 宾格 〔注意it 的用法〕物主代词： 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词指示代词：this, that, these, those单数：myself`, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself反身代词：复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves2.代词疑问代词：who, whom, whose, what, which.简单不定代词：One/ones, Either/neither, both/all, each/ everyanother, other, the other, others, the others复合不定代词： somebody, anybody, nobody不定代词 someone, anyone, no onesomething, anything, nothingeverybody, everyone, everything功能：用来代替名词、形容词或数词等3.数词： 基数词 序数词 功能：表数量或顺序4.冠词： 定冠词 不定冠词 零冠词 //功能：用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物表地点：at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ underneath ….表时间： in/ on/ at, in/ after, from/since from, after/ behind,5.介词： 表运动： across/ through/ over/ pass …表方位：….其他功能：用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系6．形容词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特性、性质7. 副词：平级、比较级、最高级功能：用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性并列连词：and/ both/ or/ not only…but also, but/however/ yet/ still/ while…8. 连词：从属连词: if/ unless, because/as/ since, although/though…功能：用来连接词、短语或句子实义动词〔vi./vt.〕系动词助动词9. 动词：情态动词不定式〔to do〕非谓语动词分词: 现在分词〔-ing〕和过去分词〔-ed〕动名词〔-ing〕功能：表示人或事物的动作或状态10. 感慨词：oh ah well…功能：表示说话时的感情或口气课前小测：1.句子成分摸底测试：（1）指出以下句子划线部分是句子的什么成分？1)The students got on the school bus.2)He handed me the newspaper.3)I shall answer your questions after class.4)What a beautiful Chinese painting!5)They went hunting together early in the morning.（2）判断以下句子是简单句并列句还是复合句？1)We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2)The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3)There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?4)My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning.5)He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.二：新课讲解：〔一〕句子成分七种句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语〔直接宾语、间接宾语〕、定语、状语、补语、表语等。
讲与练10 名词、形容词与代词类提示词语法填空题攻略(原卷版)
2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练（通用版）10名词、形容词与代词类提示词语法填空题攻略【高频考点回顾】要点一提示词为名词的解题攻略1.提示词为名词时，主要考查名词复数、名词所有格和名词变形容词。
(1)解题规则(2)名词变复数必记的三条规则【典例示例1】 (2020·浙江7月卷)Later ，they learned to work with the 62.____________ (season)，planting at the right time and ，in dry areas ，63.making use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.【答案与解析】 seasons [根据常识和语境可知，人们开始按照季节更替来种植庄稼，故填seasons 。
]【典例示例2】 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66.that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67.____________ (cause)．【答案与解析】 causes [cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，且前面有all 修饰，故填cause 的复数形式causes 。
]【典例示例3】 (2018·浙江6月卷)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese 56.____________ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.【答案与解析】 dishes [句意：我认识的人似乎很少渴望做饭或有时间做饭。
中考英语语法复习名词代词数词冠词和介词
第一讲名词一、名词的定义名词是表示人、事、物、地点以及抽象概念的词。
二、名词的分类（一）专有名词和普通名词名词根据其意义分为普通名词和专有名词1、专有名词是表示特定的人或事物名称的词。
如：Peter, Snow White, Sunday, April,Christmas Day, China, Changsha, the Great Wall, the WTO, West Street...2、凡不属于特定的人或事物的名称的词，叫普通名词。
如：desk, book , people, air, interest,idea...（二）可数名词和不可数名词名词根据是否能够用数字来计算，可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1、可数名词复数的变化规则a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches；c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families, city-cities ；d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：wife- wives, knife-knives,wolf -wolves, leaf-leaves ；e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况1）__________+es 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2) ___________+s 如：photo-photos radio-radiosf. 不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, child-children, foot-feet,tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, goose-geese单复数同形:fish-fish deer -deer sheep -sheep people(人们）-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese（中日不变英法变，其余后面加s)Englishman-____________________, Frenchman-_________________Russian=_____________________ American-__________________2、复合名词变复数boy student-boy students man doctor-men doctors3、不可数名词◆不可数名词没有复数形式，如：tea,,meat.◆不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词（a/an）直接修饰，若要表示数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。
2021小升初英语总复习7代词(一)讲义+练习
第七讲代词（一）一．代词的定义：代词是代替_____词的一类词。
二．代词的分类代词分为_______代词、________代词、________代词、_______代词、______代词和________代词。
三．人称代词1.含义：人称代词是表示人称的代词，具体包括我( )、我们( )、你( )、你们( )、他( )/她( )/它( )、他们( )。
2.包括：______格和_______格。
3.区分①Here are two Christmas cards.One is for___,and the other is for ____.A.you;HelenB.your;HelenC.her;yourD.your;her②Please look at________.A.IB.mineC.myD.me③He’s lazy.Let______go.A.heB.hisC.himD.he’s④用所给词的适当形式填空1)My uncle is a worker.________(him)works near here.2)I love__________(they)very much.⑤I can’t see_______.A.yourB.themC.hisD.she⑥The desks are for________.A.you and meB.you and IC.I and youD.me and you⑦There’re some policemen on the road. are on duty now.A.HeB.ThemC.They4.be动词的用法①【2012西北国棉五厂子526真卷】用所给词的适当形式填空I_______(be)from China.②【市一中分班试卷】用所给词的适当形式填空1)________(be)she your sister?2)They________(be)pens.③【师大附中分班试卷】Where_____your father．．．．．．．．．． from?A.areB.isC.amD.be注意：Where ______(be)your sisters．．．．．．．．．．． from?Where ______(be)you．．． from?④【2012经发学校小升初综合素质评价真卷】英语写作（根据汉语填所缺单词）Kim 12岁。
初升高(初高中衔接)学生暑期英语学习讲与练—— 代词【含答案】
初升高（初高中衔接）学生暑期英语学习讲与练专题代词一、代词的定义及类别代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。
按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。
二、人称代词1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。
2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。
通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。
如：I like table tennis. （作主语）Do you know him?（作宾语）3.人称代词还可作表语。
作表语时用宾格。
如：---Whos is knocking at the door?---It’s me.4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。
如：He is older than me.He is older than I am.三、物主代词1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。
2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。
例如：Our teacher is coming to see us.This is her pencil-box.3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语）--- Is this English-book yours? （作表语）--- No. Mine is in my bag.I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语）四、指示代词指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。
1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：This is a pen and that is a pencil．We are busy these days．In those days the workers had a hard time．2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物，例如：I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.What I want to say is this ; pronunciat ion is very important in learning English．3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如：Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai．4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。
初中词性短语结构类型句子成分讲解及练习附答案
初中词性短语结构类型句子成分讲解及练习附答案初中词性、短语结构类型、句子成分讲解及练习附答案特殊语法训练词性【知识清单】汉语词性分类一、实词:名词、动词、形容词、数量词、代词.（－）名词名词是代表一个人或事物的词。
例如：指人的：鲁迅、农民、工人、作家、老师、学生指的是：天、风、山、马、米、飞机、原子、计算机、车辆、纸张、道德、法律、文化、时间：春天、明年、上午、周日、现在、刚刚、马来西亚、北京、凯旋门、大庆、亚洲表方位的：上、下、前、左、右、东、南、内、外（单纯的）上、前、东、上、上、东、西、内、外、中（合成）动词动词是表示动作、行为、心理活动或存在变化等的词。
例如：它表示行动行为：走路、坐着、听、看、批评、宣传、辩护、学习、研究、指挥、开始、停止、禁止、指示存在、改变和消失：存在、存在、存在、平等、发生、进化、发展、成长、死亡、消除，表示心理活动：爱、恨、叔叔、小姐、计划、喜欢、希望、伤害叔叔、担心、恨，表示判断：是表示可能意愿必要（助动词）：能、能够、会、可以、愿、愿意、肯、敢、要、应当、应该、配、值得方向动词：向上，向下，向内，向外，向后，打开，向上，向上，向下，向内，向外，向后开来、过来、起来、去、上去、下去、进去、出主、回去，开去、过去动词的语法特点：一.有些动词可以重叠表示“短动作”或“尝试”，这是时态的表达。
单音节动词的重叠形式是：看--看--想--想--试--试--试--试--谈--谈双音节动词重叠形式是：abab学习--学习--批评--批评--讨论--讨论--休息--休息动词更复杂，有些需要解释。
1.动词“是”i.“是”用在名词前边是动词，这种“是”常常表示主语“等于什么”或“属于什么”。
例如“鲁迅就是周树人”、“牛是反刍动物”、“他是个开车的”、“是他救了我”；此外，“这一年，人家都是丰年，我是歉年，收完秋就没吃的了”等里面的“是”仍是动词，作谓语。
二、“是”用在动词和形容词前面，表示肯定，包含“确实”和“现实”的含义。
小升初英语专项复习讲与练 词法大全(四)-数词(含答案)
词法大全（四）-数词Contents基数词序数词分数、小数、百分数时间的表达日期的表达大显身手数词基数词0-12 zero one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve13-19 thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighte en nineteen20-99 twenty twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three twenty-fourtwenty-five twenty-sixtwenty-seven twenty-eight twenty-nine thirty forty fifty sixtyseventy eighty ninety100及以上one hundred one hundred and one one hundred and two数字的英文读法hundred thousand million billion284 two hundred and eighty-four5599 five thousand five hundred and ninety-nine3758590 three million seven hundred and fifty-eight thousand five hundred and ninety72893934900 seventy-two billion eight hundred and ninety-three million nine hundred and thirty-four thousand and nine hundred注意three hundred five thousand eight million several thousandhundreds of 数以百计的，成百上千的thousands of 数以千计的，成千上万的millions of 数百万的，成百上千万的billions of 数十亿的序数词first second thirdfourth fifth sixthseventh eighth ninth tenth twentieth sixtieth eightieththirty-first forty-second fifty-ninth基变序，有规律，一、二、三，个别记；-th从四起，八加-h，九去-e；-ve要用-f替，以y结尾变-ie；几十几，几百几，首词不变尾变序。
名词代词冠词数词介词连词(讲义和练习)
中考考点一、名词一、名词的复数：1.名词变复数的规则形式1).一般情况下直接加s book------books cup-----cups2).以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es .city-------cities family-----families3).以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es .bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------wathes4).以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es .tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes5).以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es .leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves2.少数名词的复数形式是不规则的。
man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice3.单数和复数形式相同。
deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese4.某国人的复数。
1). 中、日不变。
Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese2). 英、法变。
Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen3). 其余s加后面。
American -----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians二、不可数名词：1.不可数名词：1).不能直接用数字表数量2).不能直接加a或an 3).没有复数形式4).可用some、any 、lots of、plenty of 、much 修饰5).可用“量词短语”表示2.不可数名词的数量的表示方法： a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk三、名词的所有格：1. ’s 所有格。
中考语法词性分类1(名词,冠词,数词,代词详解及练习)
名词格的分类：主格、宾格、所有格
名词所有格的构成
-’s 所有 格
of 所有格
双重所有格
名词的语法功能
作主语 作表语 作状语
作宾语 作补语 作同位语 作定语 作称呼语
考点练习
1.What's in the cupboard? A few _____, but little_____. A.apple;coffee B.coffee;apples
冠词练习 零冠词用/表示
1.What would you like for ___ breakfast? Two pieces of bread and ____ cup of tea, please. 2.Don't worry! There is _____ hour left. 3.____ old lady in brown is ___ university professor. 4.May I have a look at ___ MP4, sir?
4.Some people like wearing ____ in summer. A.sunglass's B.sunglasses C.sunglassis D.sunglassies 5.Who is that ____? Sorry, I don't know. A.child B.children C.police D.people 6.On Sundays, the ______ often buy a lot of food all at once. A.housewife B.houseswives C.housewives D.hosewifes 7.All the _____ teachers and ____ students are having a meeting there. A.women;girls B.women;girl C.woman;girls D.woman;girl
初中英语代词讲解与专项练习
初中英语代词专项训练及答案1．Would you like ________ to drink?A．something else B．else something C．anything else D．anything else【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：您还想喝点什么吗?考查不定代词。
anything表示“某事、某物”，用于否定句和疑问句，用在肯定句中表示“任何事、任何东西”；something表示“某事、某物”，用于肯定句中，也可用于以could或would开头的疑问句中，表达请求询问的语气，希望得到肯定回答；此句是以would开头的疑问句，询问对方是否喝东西，故用不定代词something，当“else”修饰不定代词时要后置，表示“其他的、别的”。
故选A。
2．—Could you give me _______ English newspapers?—Of course. Here you are.A．a little B．few C．a few【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——你能给我几份英文报纸吗？——当然。
给你。
考查不定代词。
a little一点，修饰不可数名词；few很少，修饰可数名词，表达否定的含义；a few少许，修饰可数名词，表达肯定的含义。
根据“Could you give me...English newspapers?”可知此处是请求对方给自己几份报纸。
newspaper是可数名词，排除A选项。
由语境可知此处是肯定的含义，故选C。
3．—Would you like to go to the cinema with me this Friday?—I’d like to, but I’m going to see my grandparents. Let’s make it ________ day.A．other B．the other C．another D．others【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——这个星期五你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？——我很想去，但是我要去看我的祖父母。
初中英语语法大全全套讲解及练习
初中英语语法大全一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.)：表人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。
如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。
如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。
如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
如：now, very, here, often,quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面名词或代词与其他句子成分关系。
如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主、谓、宾、定、状、表、宾补。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如：I’m MissGreen.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如：Jack cleans the room everyday. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
(英语)高中英语代词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
（英语）高中英语代词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、单项选择代词1．–– Which of the two drivers is to blame for the accident? ––______. It’s the cyclist’s fault. A．Both B．All C．None D．Neither【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：—两个司机中谁对这次事故负责? –都不是。
这是骑自行车人的错。
A. Both两个都； B. All三者以上都；C. None三者以上都不；D. Neither两者都不，故选D。
考点：考查代词。
2．Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit; without _______ we cannot flower and grow. A．them B．it C．that D．which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词。
句意：赞美就像人类精神的阳光；没有它，我们就不能开花和生长。
分析句子可知，without后接宾语praise，用it代替。
故选B项。
3．While e-book sales this year have declined, it is still important for us to remember that the figures are still higher than ______ five years ago.A．one B．thatC．those D．they【答案】C【解析】句意：尽管今年电子书的销量已经下降，但是对于我们来说记住数字仍然高于五年前的销售量仍然很重要。
这里用代词those指代上文出现过的可数名词复数figures，故选C。
【名师点睛】代词that和those用法：一、代词that 的用法：代词that 的指代为特指，并且我们通常归纳为“同物异指”，即代词that 指代的物体与前文中的物体是同样的名称，但是有不同的内涵，另外代词that 可以指代前文中的不可数名词，The climate of Jilin is not so mild as that of Jiangsu. 吉林的气候不如江苏温和。
初中英语代词讲解级练习题
初中英语代词专项训练及答案1．There will be an art show in the city library, but ________ knows the date for sure. A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody D．everybody【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：在城市图书馆将会有一场美术展，但是没有人知道确切的日期。
考查不定代词。
somebody某人；nobody没有人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人。
句中“but”表示转折，由它可知，只知道有美术展，但没有人知道确切日期。
故选B。
2．Ruby is good at telling stories, but _________ is not easy for her to write a story.A．one B．that C．this D．it【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：Ruby擅长讲故事，但对她来说写故事并不容易。
考查形式主语。
one一个；that那个；this这个；it它。
本句是固定句型：It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说干某事怎么样”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
故选D。
3．—I’m worried about tomorrow’s singing competition.—Come on! If you don’t believe in yourself, ________ will.A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——我担心明天的歌唱比赛。
——加油！如果你自己都不相信自己，那没人会相信你。
考查不定代词辨析。
somebody某人，用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑问句；nobody 没有人；anybody任何人，用于否定句或一般疑问句；everybody每个人。
初中英语数词讲解及练习(含答案)
▲掌握分数、时间、日期的表达法。
【复习要点】（一）基数词基数词用来表示数目，或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。
最基本的基1 one 11 eleven 100 a hundred2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 1000 a thousand3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 1，000，000 a million4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 10，000，000 ten million5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 100，000，000 a hundred million6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 1，000，000，000 a billion7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety10 ten说明：1．13—19是由个位数加后缀-teen构成。
注意其中13、15的拼写是thirteen 和fifteen。
2．20—90由个位数加后缀-ty构成，注意其中20—50的拼写分别是twenty, thirty, forty 和fifty;80的拼写是eighty。
3．其它非整十的两位数21—99是由整十位数加连字符“-”，再加个位数构成。
如：81 eighty-one。
4．101—999的基数词先写百位数，后加and再写十位数和个位数。
如：691 six hundred and ninety-one。
5．1000以上的基数词先写千位数，后写百位数，再加and，最后写十位数和个位数。
如：5893 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three。
在基数词中只有表示“百”、“千”的单位词，没有单独表示“万”、“亿”的单位词，而是用thousand（千）和million（百万）来表达，其换算关系为：1万=10 thousand;1亿=100 million; 10亿=a thousand million=a billion。
初中代词和数词专项练习题
代词和数词训练题一、单选题1. —Can you speak English well? — Sorry, but I think Lucy can. _______ is from England.A、HeB、HisC、SheD、Her2. Mike said that the video tapes on the table belonged to .A、himselfB、heC、hisD、him3. Miss Gao teaches _______ English. We all like her lessons.A、ourB、weC、oursD、us4. — Alice, is this you dictionary?— Oh，no, it’s not _______. Ask Tom. He is looking for ____.A、me; hersB、mine; himC、my ; herD、mine ; his5. —Look at the mobile phone. It is the latest one in our country.—Can you tell me which country________?[ ]A、is itB、it is madeC、did you buyD、it is made in6. ---Help _______ to some cakes, Jim.---Thank you.A、youB、yourC、yourselfD、yourselves7. I found ___________ hard to remember all the twelve star signs because they are difficult to pronounce(发音) and spell.A、thatB、it’sC、thisD、it8. _______ of them has a dictionary and they can look up words in it.A、AllB、NoneC、EachD、Few9. ----- When shall we meet again, next Saturday or Sunday? ----- _________ day is OK. I will be free next weekend.A、AllB、AnyC、BothD、Either10. We find _____ important to use a foreign language well.A、thatB、itC、thisD、its11. —Alice, is this your brother’s dictionary?— Let me see. Oh, no. ______ is in his school bag.A、HimselfB、HeC、HisD、Hers12. More and more people find ______ necessary to protect our earth.A、itB、thatC、thisD、its13. ---How many children have you got ? ---Two , _______ of them are studying in the university.A、bothB、allC、anyD、none14. ---I like the story of Murder in a Country House better than________ of Unusual Weekend．---I agree. The actors act better than______ in Unusual WeekendA、that, thatB、that, thoseC、those, thoseD、those, that15. The twins are so much alike that it is difficult to tell one from________.A、otherB、the otherC、othersD、another16. The number of the classes in our school is __________ than__________ of any other school in Nanjing．A、1arger; itB、more; thatC、1arger; thatD、more; it17. ---Excuse me, I want to buy some food. Where can I find a supermarket ---I know _____ not far from here. You can easily find ________.A、that ; itB、it; oneC、one; itD、one; one18. Tom finds _________ difficult to learn Chinese well.A、itB、thatC、thisD、him19. ---Are Jim and Bob playing outside?----_______.They are doing their homework in the study.A、EitherB、BothC、NeitherD、None20. On women’s Day, of the girls was excited because they each a present.A、every one; was givenB、everyone; was givenC、every one; were givenD、everyone; were given21. _______ you said in the meeting was exactly _____ I expected to hear.A、What; thatB、What; whatC、That; whatD、That; that22. －Dad, can I buy _______ of these two T-shirts, they are really cool.－I’m afraid you can’t. You can only have one of them.A、bothB、eitherC、neitherD、all23. --It snowed heavily last night. Is ______here today?---Yes,and ______of us was late for school this morning.A、anyone; no oneB、anyone; noneC、everyone; nobodyD、everyone; none24. Not my parents like cooking .My father only likes washing dishes.A、eitherB、eachC、bothD、every25. —Look at your hands, John. ______ of them is clean.—OK, I’ll wash them at once.A、NeitherB、NoneC、BothD、Either26. ________ of his works were written in his _______. [ ]A、One-third; fiftiesB、One-third; fiftyC、One-thirds; fifties27. This is a big class, and _ of the students are girls. [ ]A、two thirdB、second threeC、two thirdsD、two three28. There were about six __________ students in the school building during the earthquake, and __________ of themdidn't run out.[ ]A、hundred; two thirdB、hundred ; two thirdsC、hundreds; two thirdsD、hundreds; two third29. There are fifty students in our class, ______ of them are girls.[ ]A、two thirdB、second threeC、two thirds30. ______ of the newspapers in the world are written in English. [ ]A、Three quarterB、Three fourthsC、Three fourthD、Third four31. About _____ of the workers in the factory were born in _____ . [ ]A、three fifths; 1970sB、three fifths; 1970'sC、three fifth; the 1970sD、three fifths; 197032. _____ of the students in our class _____ girls.A、Three fives; isB、Three fifths; isC、Three fifth; areD、Three fifths; are33. of the teachers in our school women.A、Two thirds, areB、Two threes, isC、Two third, areD、Two thirds, is34. There were about six _______ students in the school building during the earthquake, and _______ of them didn't run out. [ ]A、hundred, two thirdB、hundred, two thirdsC、hundreds, two thirdsD、hundreds, two third35. —Is Mars bigger than the earth? —No, It's about ______ the earth.A、as big asB、as bigger asC、a quarter as big as36. Nearly _________ of the water here ________ polluted.A、three fourth；areB、three fourths；areC、three fourth；isD、three fourths；is37. About _______ of the workers in the factory were born in the _______.A、two-thirds, 1970B、two-thirds, 1970sC、two-third, 1970D、two-third, 1970s38. — How many girls are there in our class? — In our class of the students are girls.A、three fifthsB、three fifthC、third fiveD、third fifths39. In our class ______ of the students ______ girls.A、third fifths; isB、third fifth; areC、three fifth; isD、three fifths; are40. In the factory, ______ of the workers ______ women.A、three quarters; areB、three quarter; areC、third quarters; isD、third quarter; is41. About of the students were against the plan.A、two threeB、two-thirdC、two threesD、two-thirds42. —There are sixty students in our class. And _____ of us are boys. —Wow! You have forty girls![ ]A、one fourthB、one thirdC、two fifthsD、two third43. -Did you get there by ______ bike?-No, I took ______ taxi. [ ]A、a; aB、不填; aC、the; the44. —What's the date today? —It's September 10th, ______ Teachers' Day.A、anB、aC、theD、/45. Have you ever seen UFO? [ ]A、aB、anC、theD、/答案及分析一、单选题2. 【答案】: C【分析】: 本题考查人称代词和物主代词的使用。
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但有时要用主格：It was I who told him the whole story.在强调句型中,强调的是主语,故I用主格。
③两个或两个以上的人称代词并列时,其顺序是：单数按2,3,1人称排列，复数按1,2,3人称顺序排列。
you, she and I ; we, you and they2.物主代词①形容词性物主代词只能作宾语We love our motherland.②名词性物主代词可用作主语,表语和宾语Your coat is black while mine is red.3.反身代词①用作宾语、表语，或主语、宾语的同位语He teaches himself Japanese every evening.(宾语)She is not quite herself today.她今天身体不太舒服。
(表语)I myself can repair the bike.(主语的同位语)②常用含有反身代词的惯用语归纳by oneself= alone 独自for oneself独立、为自己be oneself处于正常状态,显得自然enjoy oneself玩得愉快seat oneself坐下dress oneself in 给自己穿devote oneself to专心于、献身于help oneself to 自行取用、不用客气come to oneself苏醒make oneself at home 不要客气4.指示代词①this和that是近指, that和those 是远指I don’t want this book. I want that one.②有时为了避免重复,常用that/ those 来代表前面出现过的名词At this time of year, the weather here is much colder than that in Nanjing.③this和that都可代表前面提到过的事情,若出现两个名词,指代前面的用that指代较后面的用this;但若指下文将要叙述事情,则只能用this，不能用that。
此外，还可用于代替上文中出现过个单数或不可数名词，且后面带有of短语修饰。
Health is above wealth; this cannot give so much happiness as that.健康胜于财富;财富不会像健康那样带来那么多幸福(句中this=wealth;that=health)They cant afford it.That/this is their problem.What I want you to remember is this :English is of great use.(此句中this不能用that替换)The popula tion of Shanghai is larger than that of Suzhou.—What time is it? —It is eight o’clock.It often rains in summer.⑥指距离It is five kilometers from the office to my home.It is a long way to the factory.⑦作形式主语和形式宾语当动词不定式,动名词或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用it作句子的形式主语It is not easy to finish the work in two days.It is not a good habit to stay up late.It is no use crying over split milk.It is a pity that you didn’t read the book..当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,动名词,宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面,而用it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前I think it no use arguing with him.I found it very interesting to study English.He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.注意：see to it that…(务必)和take it for granted that…(想当然)句型中的it，以及词组make it中的it(做事成功，搞定)。
⑧用于强调结构(详见专题九)要强调句子的某一部分(通常是主语,状语,宾语), 可以把it 当作先行词.这种句子的结构是“It is(was)+被强调部分+that (who )+句子的其余部分” .如果强调的部分是人,可用who whom 代替thatI met an old friend in the park yesterday.此句各部分被强调后句型如下：It was I who /that met an old friend in the park yesterday.It was an old friend who/ that/whom I met in the park yesterday.It was in the park that I met an old friend yesterday.It was yesterday that I met an old friend in the park.(二)数词数词分两类：基数词和序数词I.基数词:表示数目的词为基数词。
其表达式：1.21-99的两位数，在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成。
如：fifty- three (53)2.101-999的三位数由hundred加and再加两位数或末位数。
three hundred and twenty-five (325)3.基数词hundred，thousand，million，billion表示确切数目时不能加sfive thousand students (五千个学生)但在表示不确切数目时，要用复数形式，如：hundreds of/thousands of students(许多学生)4.dozen和score的复数形式应注意以下几点：①dozen表示：一打，十二个，score表示：二十;②当dozen与数词，或many，several等连用时，不加“s”，所修饰的名词前常省去“of’;score则不然。
two dozen pencils两打铅笔two score of pencils四十支铅笔dozens of people=scores of people许多人③当后面的名词前有"these"，“those"，“them"，" us"等词时, dozen后应加"of "。
a dozen of these peopletwo dozen of themthree score and ten people中不加of(七十人)II.序数词：表示顺序的数词为序数词。
其表达式：1.序数词一般由基数词后+th构成，前面一般加定冠词the，表示“第几”the two hundredth，the eighteenth加不定冠词，则意为“又一,再一”.I like the film very much, so I want to see it a second time.2.以ty结尾的基数词构成序数词时，先把y改成i，再加eth。
如：the twentieth，the fiftieth3.不规则的序数词有以下几个：first，second，third，fifth，eighth，ninth，twelfth4.“二十”以上的多位数，个位数用序数词，其余仍用基数词。
ninety-third one hundred and forty-ninth5.基数词与序数词连用时，通常是序数词在前the first two pages of the book(这本书的前两页)III.分数、小数和百分数的表达1.分数由基数词和序数词合成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母的序数词要用复数形式1/3：one(a)third 2/3：two thirds three-sevenths：七分之三特殊的表达①1/2：one(a)half 1/4：one(a)quarter/one(a)fourth 3/4：three quarters②分子与分母之间加in或out of,分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词one in ten：十分之一five in eight：八分之五one out of ten：十分之一five out of eight：八分之五2.百分数的表示法表示百分数直接将数词放在单词percent前面即可：twenty percent=20%百分之二十。
注意：分数和百分数后面不能直接接名词或代词，而用以下形式：分数/百分数+of +冠词/限定词+名词/代词，其谓语动词与of后的名词在人称和数上保持一致Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.About seventy percent of the earth surface is covered by water.3.小数的表示法小数的表示法，小数点前的总值发同其他数词一样，小数点用point,小数点后面的数读成个位数9.65表示为nine point six five。
218.39表示为two hundred and eighteen point three nine。
注意：小数点读point，“零”读字母o的音或zero，小数点前就按基数词去读，小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出。
62.62读作sixty-two zero point six twoIV.数词的其它表达式1.序号的表示法①单纯的序号，可在基数词前加number,简写为No.。
No.1第一号②事物名词的序号表达法有什所不同：对于一些小序号可有序数词也可用基数词表达，形式分别为：the +序数词+ 名词;名词+ 基数词第一次世界大战可以表示为the First World War或World War I。
对于一些大序号我们通常只用一种表达法，即名词+ 数词501号房间表示为Room 501538路公共汽车表示为Bus 538可用a/the + number + 基数词+ 名词a No.5 bus一辆五路公共汽车the No.8 bus那辆8路公共汽车2.倍数的表达方式一般情况下我们用以下三种倍数表达方式：①倍数用在as+形容词/副词(原级)+名词+ as结构之前They have three times as many cows as we do.他们拥有的奶牛是我们的三倍多。