英语国际音标元音教学课件
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发音要领: 1.由两个元音构成,第一个音是“短音”/ə/,第二个音是“短 乌音”/u/。 2. 发音时,先打开下颔骨,嘴唇略微呈圆形,口形较大,舌端离 下齿,舌身放低后缩,舌后部微抬起,然后随着发音过程的变化 口形收圆缩小,舌后部继续向后缩并抬起。
no go home those hello zero
we he she
teacher speak please
feel tree meet need
piece
Let’s read:
1.Please have a seat. Seeing is believing.
2.I like coffee, I like tea, I like you to play with me.
Tongue twister:
The fat cat sat on the black mat.
A big black bug bit a big black bear.
发音要领:
/ə/
1、舌身平放,舌中部略隆起。
2、牙床半开半合,唇形扁或中圆。
teacher remember player speaker farmer doctor actor delicious dangerous dollar together tomorrow today Washington polite ago elephant banana Japan China happen
/f/ fine five four family face floor friend
/v/ very seven have love glove over eleven
/θ/
thin think thank three thirteen thirty tenth
Leabharlann Baidu
/ð/ this that these those there father mother
The brown cow is out now.
Bark.Bark.Bark.
The dog is barking after the car.
Look.This is little John. Goes to bed with his trousers on. One shoe off and one shoe on. Look.This is little John.
发音要领: 1、双唇比/ʊ/收得更圆更小,向前突出,舌后部比/ʊ/抬 得 更高。 2、注意长度,不要发得太短,口腔肌肉要始终保持紧 张状态。
o: do shoe who oo: food too moon noon u: true blue
双元音
双元音是作为一个音节、用一次呼气发出来 的两个元音的连缀。这个连缀是以滑溜音的 形式读出来的,即舌从第一个元音的位置向 第二个元音方向以最直接的途径滑过去而成 为一个音。双元音的两个成分中只有第一个 读得比较重、长和清晰,第二个则要读得比 较轻、短和含糊。
/ ɜ:/
发音要领: 1、舌身平放,舌中部稍抬起。。 2、牙床开得较狭窄,双唇和发/i:/时相似。 3、注意长度,不要发得太短。
girl shirt skirt bird turn burn nurse turtle hurt learn earn heard term her work worm world
元
后元音 [ɑ:] [u:] [ʊ] [ɔ:] [ɒ]
音
合口双元 音
[ɔɪ]
[eɪ]
[aɪ] [əʊ] [aʊ]
双元音
集中双元 音
[ɪə]
[ʊə]
[eə]
• 注意:“:”是长音的标志,意味着该音的发音要长一些,大 约是相应短音音长的1.5倍。
爆破 清辅音 [p] [t] [k] 音 浊辅音 [b] [d] [ɡ]
goat boat bow
[ɔɪ]
[iə]
发音要领:
是双唇张开,从/i/音滑向/ə/音。前面的/i/发得较
清楚, 后面的/ə/或较弱。双唇始终半开。此音一定要发 足。 舌抵下齿逐渐过渡为上卷,从“一”音过渡到 “厄”。
eer: beer deer ear: ear dear near ere: here ea: idea
常发这个元音的字母是“a”,此外,还有字 母组合“ai”、“ea”、“eigh”、 “aigh”、“ay”、“ey”等 . 发音要领: 1.口形由/e/向/ɪ/滑动。 2. 发音过程中下颚向上合拢,舌位也随之稍稍抬高。
name lake game snake place say play lay eight
/æ /
发音要领: 1、舌尖抵下齿;舌前部稍抬高,舌位比/e/更低; 2、双唇平伸,成扁平形。张开牙床直至上下齿 之间容纳食指和中指的宽度。
map hat fat bad mad back man hand thank
I’m a cat, cat, cat In a cap, cap, cap.
“[w]+ar” ,ar发/ɔ:/ : warm war toward
/ʊ/
发音要领: 1、舌尖离开下齿;舌后部向软腭抬起,舌身后缩。 2、双唇收圆,稍向前突出。
oo: look good foot book wood ou: should could u: put push O: woman
/u:/
发音要领: 1.这是个双元音,由两个元音构成,第一个是/ɔ/和 短音/i/. 2.发音时由第一个音向第二个音滑动,不到第二个音就结束。
boy toy destroy noise oil spoil point
常发这个音的有字母“o”、字母组合 “oa”、“ou”、“ow”、“ew”以及 “ough”等
2、双唇稍稍收圆。
3、可先发/ɑ:/音,然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩,双唇稍稍
收圆(不要突出),即可发出/ɒ/。
o: hot lost lot fox mop hop loss dollar
a: want wash watch
au: because
Bob Bob Bob
is an orange dog.
/ɔ:/
Hello Kate,hello May. They are playing by the lake. David ,David .You are so late. Come on ,David. Let’s make a birthday cake.
There is a little bee. Coming from the apple tree. Flying in the flowers. And can’t see me.
/h/ he hat here hill
/r/ red right /l/ Look Hello
摩擦 清辅音 [f] [s] [ʃ] [θ] [h] 音 浊辅音 [v] [z] [ʒ] [ð] [r]
破擦 清辅音 [tʃ] [tr] [ts]
辅音 音
浊辅音 [dʒ] [dr] [dz]
鼻辅 音
浊辅音
[m]
[n]
[ŋ]
舌侧 音
浊辅音
[l]
半元 音
浊辅音
[j]
[w]
/i:/
发音要领: 1、舌尖抵下齿,前舌尽量抬高。 2、嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平 。
/ɑ:/
发音要领:1、舌尖离开下齿;口张大,舌身压低并后缩。 2、双唇呈扁型。
arm art hard fast last class
father
Bark bark bark The dog is barking after the car.
发音要领:
/ɒ/
1、舌尖离开下齿;口张大,舌身压低并后缩。
辅音字母:
p[p] pen b[b] bike t [ t ] ten d[d ] desk k[k] cake g [ g ] good s [ s ] sit z [ z ] is
picture bus two down Kate girl see his
jeep map book box boat meet bird good thank clock egg bag yes class these zero
/e/
发音要领 1、舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,比/i:/要低。 2、唇形中长,牙床开得比/i:/宽,上下齿间可容 纳一个食指。
bed egg best
next better lesson pencil pen
any many
Let’s read:
Breakfast is ready. Let’s get together again soon. Well, let’s get everything ready!
/ɪ/
发音要领: 1.舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,比/i:/要低。 2.嘴型扁平,牙床开得比/i:/宽。 3.可从/i:/出发,下颚稍稍下垂,舌前部也随之稍稍 下降。
sit picture list mix fix pig big miss minute many twenty happy
Sit in your seat and listen carefully.
[ɛə]
发音要领: 由/e/向/ə/滑动,舌身稍向后 缩,口型由半 开变为扁平。
ear: pear bear air: chair air fair hair pair are: care hare ere: there where cheer
[au]
发音要领:
发音时,由/a/滑向/u/,结束时双唇收 圆稍向前突。
Enough is enough ! Just shut up. What’s up? Nothing much. Hurry up!
I love China. China and America should work together.
I have to work early tomorrow. Words are not for hurting other people.
/ʌ/
发音要领: 1、舌后部的靠前部分稍抬起,舌尖和舌端两侧触下齿,
开口程度和/æ /相似。双唇向两旁平伸。 2、从元音/ɒ/ 出发,将圆唇改为扁唇,即可发出此音。
up supper lunch fun cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble blood
发音要领: 1、舌尖离开下齿;舌后部抬得比/ɒ/略高。压低并后缩。 2、双唇也收得更圆更小,并需用力向前突出。 3、注意长度不要发得太短。
al: small wall talk tall hall ball call walk or:short more horse for forty sport story door floor caught daughter au: autumn August bought warm
ou: house out south cloud house proud loud mouse round about mouth
ow: flower down now cow how town
[uə]
发音要领: 发音时,嘴唇从收圆到半开。发好 这个音的关键是首先要把/u/音发 足,然后滑向/ə/音。
oor: poor ure: sure sure pure
[uə] [ɛə] [au] [iə]
Today is cold. Rose is in the boat. She wants to have a coat. Put on your coat. You know you have a cold.
语音的重要性: 英语学习的最终目的是交际,而交际是通过
口语来进行的,语音在此过程中起着至关重要的 作用,所以语音是语言的基础。只有学好发音, 才能加强对语言的感受,最有效地掌握语法和词 汇,提高实际使用的能力。
• 各类别所包含的音素见下表:
前元音 [i:] [ɪ] [e] [æ ]
单元音 中元音 [ə] [ɜ:] [ʌ]
常发这个音的字母是“i”和“y”,字母组合 则有:“ey”、“ie”、“ui”、“uy”、 “igh”、“eigh”等
发音要领: 1.先发/a/音,然后滑向/i/音。舌尖抵住下齿。 2.发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足,注意从开到合的滑动。
high buy
[ɔɪ ] 常发这个音的是字母组合:“oi”和 “oy”。
no go home those hello zero
we he she
teacher speak please
feel tree meet need
piece
Let’s read:
1.Please have a seat. Seeing is believing.
2.I like coffee, I like tea, I like you to play with me.
Tongue twister:
The fat cat sat on the black mat.
A big black bug bit a big black bear.
发音要领:
/ə/
1、舌身平放,舌中部略隆起。
2、牙床半开半合,唇形扁或中圆。
teacher remember player speaker farmer doctor actor delicious dangerous dollar together tomorrow today Washington polite ago elephant banana Japan China happen
/f/ fine five four family face floor friend
/v/ very seven have love glove over eleven
/θ/
thin think thank three thirteen thirty tenth
Leabharlann Baidu
/ð/ this that these those there father mother
The brown cow is out now.
Bark.Bark.Bark.
The dog is barking after the car.
Look.This is little John. Goes to bed with his trousers on. One shoe off and one shoe on. Look.This is little John.
发音要领: 1、双唇比/ʊ/收得更圆更小,向前突出,舌后部比/ʊ/抬 得 更高。 2、注意长度,不要发得太短,口腔肌肉要始终保持紧 张状态。
o: do shoe who oo: food too moon noon u: true blue
双元音
双元音是作为一个音节、用一次呼气发出来 的两个元音的连缀。这个连缀是以滑溜音的 形式读出来的,即舌从第一个元音的位置向 第二个元音方向以最直接的途径滑过去而成 为一个音。双元音的两个成分中只有第一个 读得比较重、长和清晰,第二个则要读得比 较轻、短和含糊。
/ ɜ:/
发音要领: 1、舌身平放,舌中部稍抬起。。 2、牙床开得较狭窄,双唇和发/i:/时相似。 3、注意长度,不要发得太短。
girl shirt skirt bird turn burn nurse turtle hurt learn earn heard term her work worm world
元
后元音 [ɑ:] [u:] [ʊ] [ɔ:] [ɒ]
音
合口双元 音
[ɔɪ]
[eɪ]
[aɪ] [əʊ] [aʊ]
双元音
集中双元 音
[ɪə]
[ʊə]
[eə]
• 注意:“:”是长音的标志,意味着该音的发音要长一些,大 约是相应短音音长的1.5倍。
爆破 清辅音 [p] [t] [k] 音 浊辅音 [b] [d] [ɡ]
goat boat bow
[ɔɪ]
[iə]
发音要领:
是双唇张开,从/i/音滑向/ə/音。前面的/i/发得较
清楚, 后面的/ə/或较弱。双唇始终半开。此音一定要发 足。 舌抵下齿逐渐过渡为上卷,从“一”音过渡到 “厄”。
eer: beer deer ear: ear dear near ere: here ea: idea
常发这个元音的字母是“a”,此外,还有字 母组合“ai”、“ea”、“eigh”、 “aigh”、“ay”、“ey”等 . 发音要领: 1.口形由/e/向/ɪ/滑动。 2. 发音过程中下颚向上合拢,舌位也随之稍稍抬高。
name lake game snake place say play lay eight
/æ /
发音要领: 1、舌尖抵下齿;舌前部稍抬高,舌位比/e/更低; 2、双唇平伸,成扁平形。张开牙床直至上下齿 之间容纳食指和中指的宽度。
map hat fat bad mad back man hand thank
I’m a cat, cat, cat In a cap, cap, cap.
“[w]+ar” ,ar发/ɔ:/ : warm war toward
/ʊ/
发音要领: 1、舌尖离开下齿;舌后部向软腭抬起,舌身后缩。 2、双唇收圆,稍向前突出。
oo: look good foot book wood ou: should could u: put push O: woman
/u:/
发音要领: 1.这是个双元音,由两个元音构成,第一个是/ɔ/和 短音/i/. 2.发音时由第一个音向第二个音滑动,不到第二个音就结束。
boy toy destroy noise oil spoil point
常发这个音的有字母“o”、字母组合 “oa”、“ou”、“ow”、“ew”以及 “ough”等
2、双唇稍稍收圆。
3、可先发/ɑ:/音,然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩,双唇稍稍
收圆(不要突出),即可发出/ɒ/。
o: hot lost lot fox mop hop loss dollar
a: want wash watch
au: because
Bob Bob Bob
is an orange dog.
/ɔ:/
Hello Kate,hello May. They are playing by the lake. David ,David .You are so late. Come on ,David. Let’s make a birthday cake.
There is a little bee. Coming from the apple tree. Flying in the flowers. And can’t see me.
/h/ he hat here hill
/r/ red right /l/ Look Hello
摩擦 清辅音 [f] [s] [ʃ] [θ] [h] 音 浊辅音 [v] [z] [ʒ] [ð] [r]
破擦 清辅音 [tʃ] [tr] [ts]
辅音 音
浊辅音 [dʒ] [dr] [dz]
鼻辅 音
浊辅音
[m]
[n]
[ŋ]
舌侧 音
浊辅音
[l]
半元 音
浊辅音
[j]
[w]
/i:/
发音要领: 1、舌尖抵下齿,前舌尽量抬高。 2、嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平 。
/ɑ:/
发音要领:1、舌尖离开下齿;口张大,舌身压低并后缩。 2、双唇呈扁型。
arm art hard fast last class
father
Bark bark bark The dog is barking after the car.
发音要领:
/ɒ/
1、舌尖离开下齿;口张大,舌身压低并后缩。
辅音字母:
p[p] pen b[b] bike t [ t ] ten d[d ] desk k[k] cake g [ g ] good s [ s ] sit z [ z ] is
picture bus two down Kate girl see his
jeep map book box boat meet bird good thank clock egg bag yes class these zero
/e/
发音要领 1、舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,比/i:/要低。 2、唇形中长,牙床开得比/i:/宽,上下齿间可容 纳一个食指。
bed egg best
next better lesson pencil pen
any many
Let’s read:
Breakfast is ready. Let’s get together again soon. Well, let’s get everything ready!
/ɪ/
发音要领: 1.舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,比/i:/要低。 2.嘴型扁平,牙床开得比/i:/宽。 3.可从/i:/出发,下颚稍稍下垂,舌前部也随之稍稍 下降。
sit picture list mix fix pig big miss minute many twenty happy
Sit in your seat and listen carefully.
[ɛə]
发音要领: 由/e/向/ə/滑动,舌身稍向后 缩,口型由半 开变为扁平。
ear: pear bear air: chair air fair hair pair are: care hare ere: there where cheer
[au]
发音要领:
发音时,由/a/滑向/u/,结束时双唇收 圆稍向前突。
Enough is enough ! Just shut up. What’s up? Nothing much. Hurry up!
I love China. China and America should work together.
I have to work early tomorrow. Words are not for hurting other people.
/ʌ/
发音要领: 1、舌后部的靠前部分稍抬起,舌尖和舌端两侧触下齿,
开口程度和/æ /相似。双唇向两旁平伸。 2、从元音/ɒ/ 出发,将圆唇改为扁唇,即可发出此音。
up supper lunch fun cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble blood
发音要领: 1、舌尖离开下齿;舌后部抬得比/ɒ/略高。压低并后缩。 2、双唇也收得更圆更小,并需用力向前突出。 3、注意长度不要发得太短。
al: small wall talk tall hall ball call walk or:short more horse for forty sport story door floor caught daughter au: autumn August bought warm
ou: house out south cloud house proud loud mouse round about mouth
ow: flower down now cow how town
[uə]
发音要领: 发音时,嘴唇从收圆到半开。发好 这个音的关键是首先要把/u/音发 足,然后滑向/ə/音。
oor: poor ure: sure sure pure
[uə] [ɛə] [au] [iə]
Today is cold. Rose is in the boat. She wants to have a coat. Put on your coat. You know you have a cold.
语音的重要性: 英语学习的最终目的是交际,而交际是通过
口语来进行的,语音在此过程中起着至关重要的 作用,所以语音是语言的基础。只有学好发音, 才能加强对语言的感受,最有效地掌握语法和词 汇,提高实际使用的能力。
• 各类别所包含的音素见下表:
前元音 [i:] [ɪ] [e] [æ ]
单元音 中元音 [ə] [ɜ:] [ʌ]
常发这个音的字母是“i”和“y”,字母组合 则有:“ey”、“ie”、“ui”、“uy”、 “igh”、“eigh”等
发音要领: 1.先发/a/音,然后滑向/i/音。舌尖抵住下齿。 2.发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足,注意从开到合的滑动。
high buy
[ɔɪ ] 常发这个音的是字母组合:“oi”和 “oy”。